Ecological design of material and biowaste sorting at the city cemetery in Koprivnica

Abstract

Ovaj rad istražuje upravljanje otpadom na gradskom groblju u Koprivnici sa ekološkog aspekta, sakupljanju te recikliranju materijala za ponovnu upotrebu. Rad se oslanja na Okvirnu direktivu Europske unije o otpadu, analizirajući zakonodavni okvir, načela i utjecaj na okoliš. Posebna pažnja posvećena je implementaciji u praksi, s naglaskom na izazove i prilike u Republici Hrvatskoj, u cilju sprječavanja nastanka otpada, ponovna uporaba, recikliranje, oporaba i, na kraju, odlaganje. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na sustav gospodarenja otpadom na gradskom groblju u Koprivnici, gdje se već 15 godina sustavno razvrstava otpad. Od 2023.godine implementirano je dodatno razvrstavanje na frakcije poput biootpada, plastičnih lampiona, stakla, metalnih poklopaca i baterija. U radu su provede analize o ekonomskoj isplativosti razvrstavanja otpada i predstavljen je model ekološkog razvrstavanja otpada koji se može primijeniti i na drugim razinama lokalne zajednice u Republici Hrvatskoj.This thesis explores waste management at the municipal cemetery in Koprivnica, focusing on the collection and recycling of materials for reuse. The work relies on the European Union's Framework Directive on waste, analyzing the legislative framework, principles, and environmental impact. Special attention is paid to practical implementation, emphasizing challenges and opportunities in the Republic of Croatia, aimed at preventing waste generation, reuse, recycling, recovery, and ultimately, disposal. A particular emphasis is placed on the waste management system at the municipal cemetery in Koprivnica, where waste has been systematically sorted for 15 years. Since 2023, additional sorting into fractions such as organic waste, plastic lanterns, glass, metal caps, and batteries has been implemented. The paper presents analyses on the economic feasibility of waste sorting and introduces a model of ecological waste sorting that can be applied at other levels of local communities in the Republic of Croatia