Der Systemische Ansatz in der Interaktion mit Personen im Autismus-Spektrum

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is typically described in deficit-oriented terms, referring to a group of people whose neurological functioning differs from that of the majority. The further development of systems theory—particularly by Niklas Luhmann—provides the foundation for systemic counselling, which involves the guidance and support of individuals or teams by a qualified counsellor. This master’s thesis explores the research question of what resources the autism spectrum may offer for counselling processes. The study is based on a theoretical literature review, influenced by elements of narrative review methodology. The selection of literature focused on resource-oriented perspectives on the autism spectrum, though such perspectives were not always readily available. Three studies were identified that suggest individuals on the spectrum may possess enhanced lexical memory, higher fluid intelligence, and increased levels of the protein BDNF, which is associated with cognitive performance. The author evaluated these findings as relevant to systemic counselling, potentially contributing to improved communication skills, a greater capacity for understanding and navigating abstract system structures and processes, and more.Die Masterarbeit untersucht, welche Ressourcen das Autismus-Spektrum für systemische Beratungsprozesse bieten kann. Auf Basis einer theoriebasierten Literaturrecherche mit ressourcenorientiertem Fokus werden drei Studien hervorgehoben, die auf besondere kognitive Potenziale hinweisen: ein ausgeprägtes lexikalisches Gedächtnis, erhöhte fluide Intelligenz und ein gesteigerter BDNF-Spiegel. Diese Merkmale werden als förderlich für systemische Beratung bewertet, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Kommunikation und das Verständnis komplexer Systemstrukturen