The Effect of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances on Female Fertility: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective: To review relevant literature on how per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) affect fertility in females. Methods: Literature from PubMed and CINAHL databases were reviewed for associations between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and female fertility. Results: The majority of studies found a negative association between PFAS exposure and infertility outcomes. However, not all PFAS exhibited adverse effects, and certain types positively affected fertility outcomes. Conclusion: Certain PFAS, such as PFOA, have negative effects on fertility, but other types of PFAS, like small-chain PFAS, have positive effects. No conclusions can be drawn, and further research is needed