日本と新羅における角杯をめぐる地方首長層の政治的交渉説の再検討

Abstract

This study aims to reconsider the theory of political negotiations between regional leaders in Japan and Silla involving horn-shaped cups. Previous studies have focused on foreign negotiations between regional leaders acting independently, without the intervention of Yamato's political power. These studies examined regions and periods where the distribution of horn-shaped cups was limited, assuming that political negotiations occurred between these regions based on the numerous horn-shaped cups unearthed in Silla. However, to clarify the nature of horn-shaped cups, it is necessary to analyze them in terms of their own characteristics and from various perspectives, including the characteristics of the excavated sites. This study evaluates the validity of the conventional theory by analyzing both the features of the excavation sites where horn-shaped cups were found and conducting a detailed morphological and dimensional analysis of the cups themselves. The results indicate that the horn-shaped cups of the Japanese archipelago were not necessarily directly influenced by those of the Korean Peninsula. There are both morphological differences in the cups and differences in the characteristics of the sites where they were found. For instance, cups in the Korean Peninsula were found in burial mounds, while those in Japan were unearthed in settlement remains. These differences suggest that no relics from kofun (burial mounds) support a direct negotiation relationship; instead, related relics were found in settlements. Thus, the acceptance of horn-shaped cups was likely tied to local social or ritual practices rather than political negotiations between regional leaders. Although both horn-shaped cups from Mound A24 at the Chopo-ri Site (苧浦里A24号墳) in the Gaya region and horn-shaped cups from Mound 4 at the Chong-gok-don Site (中山洞4号墳) in the Silla region (both on the Korean Peninsula) have similarities to horn-shaped cups of the Japanese archipelago, as there are only meager examples, this morphological technology was likely not widely accepted. Therefore, even if horn-shaped cups with this morphology were transmitted from the Korean Peninsula to the Japanese archipelago, it is unlikely that prominent and influential settlements on the Korean Peninsula transmitted them. The above results show that insufficient basis exists for the interpretation that the similarities in the manufacturing technologies of horn-shaped cups in Japan and Silla had some political intention or were based on a treaty.departmental bulletin pape