Compressed Biogas (cbg) as an Alternative and Sustainable Energy Source in India: Case Study on Implementation Frameworks and Challenges

Abstract

Biogas is environment friendly and socially accepted renewable energy source but due to composition quality it is not technically feasible and economically viable at large scale. Biogas conditioning results in upgraded biogas (biomethane) after compression, this compressed biogas (CBG) becomes a complete substitute for fossil fuels and acts as a sustainable energy source. With the calorific value of 52,000 KJ/Kg, CBG is advantageous for energy conservation, reduces the pressure of natural fossil fuel consumption and protects ecological resources. Versatile applications of CBG for generating electricity, heat, and vehicle fuel along with economic and environmental benefits make it the fuel of the future. Despite government support, availability of feedstock and favorable climate conditions for biogas production, the total production volume of CBG is still relatively low as compared to the estimated potential of 62 million tonnes per annum. This study is the first attempt to identify challenges that are hindering the success of Compressed biogas in India, based on exhaustive literature review and in-depth interviews with directors & managers of sustainably running CBG plants. The findings of the study are used in designing an implementation framework that will guide new entrepreneurs, policymakers, plant constructors and other stakeholders for sustainable operation of CBG plants