"Las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA’s) representan un importante problema de salud ya que ocupan el segundo lugar a nivel mundial de morbimortalidad en niños menores de 5 años. Los principales agentes causales son los virus, entre los cuales se encuentran el Ortopneumovirus (hOPV), Metapneumovirus (hMPV), Respirovirus (hREV) y Rubulavirus humanos (hRUV) e Influenza Virus (IV), entre otros. Para el 2012 el costo estimado de las IRA’s por paciente hospitalizado en México es de aproximadamente 9,000doˊlares.EnesteestudioseagroinfiltraronplantasdeNicotianabenthamianade6semanasdeedadconAgrobacteriumtumefaciens,paraexpresarelpeˊptidoHRA2plquedisen~adoapartirdelpeˊptidoHRAqueespartedelaproteıˊnadefusioˊnFdehMNV.ElpeˊptidofueidentificadoporDotblotyWesternblot,fuepurificadoposteriormenteporcolumnadeafinidaddenıˊquelyseanalizoˊsuefectoantiviralenlıˊneascelularesdemamıˊfero(HEp−2yVero)contralosvirushOPVyhRUV.EnelensayodeinhibicioˊnviralenplacaseobservoˊqueparahOPVBlamenordosisinfectivamediadelcultivocelular(TCID50)fuede362.6conladosisdelpeˊptidode2.6x10−3µg/mLyparahRUV−2lamenorTCID50fuede936.7conladosisdelpeˊptidode1.8x10−3µg/mL.Esimportanteresaltarqueapesardeestardisen~adoparainhibirlafusioˊnvirus−ceˊluladehMPV,esfuncionaltambieˊncontraotrosvirus,comohOPVByhRUV−2debidoaquetienenmecanismosdeentradasonsimilares,porlocualestepeˊptidopuedeserutilizadocomotratamientoprofilaˊcticoenguarderıˊasyhospitalesparaprevenirinfeccionesporestospatoˊgenos.""Acuterespiratoryinfections(ARI’s)representamajorhealthproblemsincetheycanranksecondworldwideintermsofmorbidityandmortalityinchildrenunder5yearsold.Themaincausativeagentsareviruses;amongthemostfrequentarehumanOrthopneumpvirus(hOPV),Metapneumovirus(hMPV),Respirovirus(hREV),Rubulavirus(hRUV)andInfluenzaVirus(IV),amongothers.Forthe2012,theestimatedcostofAIR’sperpatientinMexicowasofapproximately 9,000 USD. In this study, 6-week-old Nicotiana benthamiana plants were agroinfiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, to express the HRA2pl, which was designed from HRA, a fragment of the fusion protein F of hMPV. The peptide was detected by Dot blot and Western blot and was purified by nickel affinity column to analyze its
antiviral effect on human cellular lines (HEp-2 and Vero) against hOPV and hRUV viruses. In plaque viral inhibition assay, it was shown that for hOPV B, the lowest median tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) was of 362.6 with the peptide dose of 2.6 x10-3 µg/mL and for hRUV-2 the TCID50 was 936.7 with the peptide dose of 1.8x10-3 µg/mL. It is important to highlight that although the peptide was designed
to inhibit the hMPV virus-cell fusion, it is also functional for other viruses, such as hOPV B and hRUV-2 due to their similar infection mechanisms. Therefore this peptide can be used as a prophylactic treatment in day care centers and hospitals to prevent infections by these pathogens."Concejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT
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