THE STATE AND THE ECONOMY: WHERE IS CROATIA?

Abstract

Cilj je ovoga rada dobiti nove spoznaje o ulozi države u ekonomiji u Hrvatskoj. Na promjenu uloge države u ekonomiji u Hrvatskoj od njezina osamostaljenja do danas značajne su učinke imali tranzicija gospodarstva, globalizacija, integracija i liberalizacija tržišta. Rezultati ekonomske politike države se prepoznaju u padu ekonomske aktivnosti, značajnom rastu defi cita i zaduženosti, razvoju pesimističnih očekivanja i nesklonosti ulaganjima. Uvjeti velike zaduženosti nameću restriktivni karakter fi skalnoj politici što se u kratkom roku može negativno odraziti na ekonomsku aktivnost. Rezultati pokazuju da konkurentske tranzicijske zemlje koje imaju manje porezno opterećenje realiziraju veće stope gospodarskog rasta. U svrhu ostvarivanja gospodarskog rasta i smanjivanja zaduženosti fi skalna se konsolidacija, i to smanjivanjem javnih rashoda i poreznog opterećenja, nameće kao nužnost. Za eliminiranje defi cita tekućeg računa platne bilance važno je fi skalnim restrukturiranjem postići strukturni suficit umjesto dosadašnjeg strukturnog defi cita. Dobiveni rezultati su na tragu očekivanja o nastavku procesa izmjene uloge države u ekonomiji u nadolazećem razdoblju.The aim of this paper is to gain new knowledge about the role of the state in the economy in Croatia. Signi fi cant impacts on the changing role of the state in the economy in Croatia since its interdependence have been made by the transition of the economy, globalization, integration and liberalization of the markets. The results of Croatian economic policy have been noticed in the reduction of the economic activity, the signi fi cant growth of the de fi cit and indebtedness, the development of pessimistic expectations and the lack of investment. The conditions of high indebtedness cause the restrictive nature of fi scal policy, and it can have negative in fl uence on economic activity. The results show that competitive transition countries, which have the lower tax effort, realize higher rates of economic growth. For the purpose of the realization of economic growth and the decrease of indebtedness, fi scal consolidation through the reduction of public expenditures and tax efforts is needed. For the elimination of the current account de fi cit in balance of payment it is important to achieve, through fi scal restructuring, a structural surplus instead of the present structural de fi cit. The results obtained are in line with the expectations about the continuation in the process of the changing role of the state in economy in the upcoming period

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