Silver(I) Extraction with Benzo-18-Crown-6 Ether from Water into 1,2-Dichloroethane: Analyses on Ionic Strength of the Phases and their Equilibrium Potentials

Abstract

Extraction constants (Kex & Kex±) for the extraction of silver picrate (AgPic) by benzo-18-crown-6 ether (B18C6) into 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) were determined at 298 K and various ionic strength (I)-values of a water phase with or without excess HNO3. Here the symbols, Kex and Kex±, were defined as [AgLPic]DCE/P and [AgL+]DCE[Pic−]DCE/P with P = [Ag+][L]DCE[Pic−] and L = B18C6, respectively; [ ]DCE refers to the concentration of the corresponding species in the DCE phase at equilibrium. Simultaneously, KD,Pic (= [Pic−]DCE/[Pic−]) and K1,DCE (= Kex/Kex±) values for given I and IDCE values were determined, where the symbol IDCE shows I of the DCE phase. Also, equilibrium potential differences (Δφeq) based on the Pic− transfer at the water/DCE interface were obtained from the analysis of the KD,Pic [= KD,PicS exp{−(F/RT) Δφeq}] values; the symbol KD,PicS shows KD,Pic at Δφeq = 0 V. On the basis of these results, I dependences of logKex and logKex± and IDCE ones of logK1,DCE and logKex± were examined. Extraction experiments of AgClO4 and AgNO3 by B18C6 into DCE were done for comparison. The logKex±-versus-Δφeq plot for the above Ag(I) extraction systems with Pic−, ClO4−, and NO3− gave a good positive correlation