Clustering of cardiovascular diseases risk factors, and cardiovascular risk prediction, primary health care centers, Jeddah

Abstract

IntroductionCardiovascular disease is a major health problem in Saudi Arabia, estimates on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors are important for monitoring their impact on the health. The objectives of this study are to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and to assess the 10 years cardiovascular risk.MethodsThis was a cross sectional study. A proportionate to size random sample of the attendees to the primary health care center during 2012 was selected from two primary health care centers in Jeddah city. a sample of 400 participants aged ⩾30 years was selected. Questionnaire was developed for this purpose.After completion of a detailed demographic and medical questionnaire (gender, age, history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, taking antihypertensive or hypoglycemic agents and history of smoking), all participants were subjected to anthropometric measurements include weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference. In addition to blood lipid profile, blood glucose during the years 2012. Tests were considered significant at a p-value ⩽0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software.ResultsA total of 400 participants with mean (SD) age of 46.9 (11.1) and 52.5% were males. Ninety percent of the participants were physically inactive, 26% had high LDL cholesterol levels, 48.4% had high blood pressure, 51.7 had low HDL level, 18% smoked, 78.7% had abdominal obesity, 46.9% obese, 35.2% overweigh and 33.7% diabetic. The estimated 10 years Cardiovascular risk prediction was >10% in (37.4%) of the diabetic patients compared to (7.6%) among non diabetics. The predictors of cardiovascular risk were systolic and blood pressure and cholesterol but not with glycemic control parameter