How the Welsh became white in South Africa: immigration, identity and economic transformation from the 1860s to the 1930s

Abstract

Based on a lecture delivered to the Honorable Society of Cymmrodorion at the British Academy on 4 October 2000, with Dr Francois du Toit, South African Gemeente, London, in the chair. I am most grateful to the Honorary Secretary and to Emlyn Sherington of the University of Wales, Bangor, for creating this opportunity, and to those present for helpful insights and comments. At the time of doing the research I was - and had been since birth - resident in South Africa, the granddaughter of a Welsh coalminer