Trade unions and employment relationship in privatised state enterprises : a case-study of the finance and petroleum industries in Nigeria
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Abstract
Privatisation (defined as change of ownership and control of State-owned enterprises-
SOEs) is a controversial economic and political policy that elicits diverse opinions and
academic conclusions on its impact. With regard to its impact on industrial relations, the
privatisation literature concludes that in most privatised SOEs, problems anise between
unions and management over some important dimensions of the employment relationship.
This Author's search of the privatisation literature led to the emergence of two hypotheses,
as follows:
I. The employment relationship changes in its expression and management in
privatised enterprises as a consequence of the change in ownership and control,
structure and product market competition arising from privatisation; and,
2. The employment relationship in privatised enterprises changes, not necessarily as a
consequence of privatisation, but as a consequence of changes in
managerial/corporate strategies, national and firm-level industrial relations policies
and other environmental factors not related to privatisation.
Data was collected from two privatised finance SOEs and one privatised petroleum SOE in
Nigeria to test these hypotheses. Some key findings emerged which differ slightly from the
conclusions of the privatisation literature, as represented by these two hypotheses. First, the
study concludes that contrary to the conclusion of the privatisation literature, the observed
changes in the employment relationship of privatised SOEs are mediated by the different
effects of environmental and sectoral factors, economic centrality, the nature of the unions
involved in bargaining and the balance of bargaining power between unions and
management, as determined by the development context of the country concerned.
Secondly, the study concludes that contrary to the conclusions of the privatisation
literature, the employment relationship in privatised enterprises changes as a consequence
of changes in managerial/corporate strategies and fin-n-level industrial relations strategies
directly related to privatisation. These conclusions suggest the need to slightly modify the
conclusions of the privatisation literature and theory to take account of the economic,
institutional and political differences between developing and developed economies, rather
than seek to apply similar theories and conclusions to both development contexts like is
currently the case