Occupations and intracranial tumors: case-control study in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract

O aumento das taxas de incid??ncia e mortalidade dos tumores do sistema nervoso central no Brasil e no mundo tem impulsionado a investiga????o de seus fatores etiol??gicos. As exposi????es ambientais, principalmente as ocupacionais, t??m sido foco crescente destes trabalhos. Este estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar realizado na regi??o metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, entre 1999-2002, teve como objetivo identificar as associa????es entre ramos de atividade econ??mica e ocupa????es referidas com as neoplasias intracranianas em adultos, segundo subtipos histol??gicos gliomas emeningiomas. Foi analisada a hist??ria ocupacional de 239 casos e 267 controles, pareados por freq????ncia de sexo e idade, utilizando as classifica????es por ramos de atividades econ??micas e por grupos ocupacionais. Os riscos foram estimados por regress??o log??stica. Na an??lise por ramo de atividade, a Agricultura apresentou OR: 2,52(IC 95 por cento: 1,15 5,53) para o conjunto das neoplasias cerebrais. Al??m disso, Sa??de e Social, Administra????o P??blica e Educa????o apresentaram associa????o positiva sem signific??ncia estat??stica. Quanto aos meningiomas, observou-se risco em trabalhadores das ??reas de Transporte (OR: 3,14, IC 95 por cento: 1,08 9,19) e Bens Im??veis (OR: 2,45, IC 95 por cento: 1,17 5,15). Em rela????o aos grupos ocupacionais, os agricultores apresentaram risco significativo: OR: 2,44 (IC 95 por cento: 1,14 5,18). Associa????o direta foi evidenciada nos grupos de Transporte / Produ????o de Equipamentos e For??as Armadas enquanto que Profissionais T??cnicos e Trabalhadores com Vendas apresentaram associa????o inversa. A an??lise para gliomas mostrou risco para Empregados de Escrit??rio: OR: 2,33 (IC 95 por cento: 1,02 5,29). Os achados sugerem que trabalhadores da agricultura, militares e profissionais de sa??de apresentam risco para neoplasias intracranianas, demandando novas pesquisas para identifica????o de exposi????es espec??ficas.The increase of incidence and mortality taxes of brain tumors in Brazil and the world has stimulated the inquiry of its etiological factors. Environmental exposure, mainly the occupational ones, have been extensively focused in the studies. This case-control study of hospital base carried through in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, between 1999-2002, had as objective to identify associations between branches of economic activity and occupations related with brain tumors in adults, according to histological subtypes gliomas and meningiomas. It was analyzed the occupational history of 239 cases and 267 controls, matched by frequency of sex and age, using the classifications for branches of economic activities and occupational groups. The risks had been esteem by logistic regression. In the analysis for activity branch, Agriculture presented OR: 2,52 (CI 95%: 1,15 - 5,53) for brain tumors with no histological stratification. Moreover, Social and Health, Public Administration and Education had presented positive association without significance statistics. To meningiomas, it??s observed elevated risk in workers of the areas of Transport (OR: 3,14 CI 95%: 1,08 - 9,19) and Real Estate Activities (OR: 2,45, CI 95%: 1,17 - 5,15). In relation to the occupational groups, the agriculturists had presented significant risk: OR: 2,44 (CI 95%: 1,14 - 5,18). Direct association was evidenced in the groups of Transport/Production of Equipaments and Professional Armed Forces, whereas Technical Workers and Sell Workers had presented inverse association. The analysis for gliomas showed risk for Office Employees: OR: 2,33 (IC 95%: 1,02 - 5,29). The findings suggest that agriculture workers, military and health professionals present risk for brain tumors, demanding new researches for identification of specific expositions