Analysis of soy seeds market in Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

O mercado de sementes de soja est?? ajustando uma reestrutura????o, desde a libera????o, pelo Governo Federal, da tecnologia RoundupReady?? (RR)no Brasil. Nesses ??ltimos anos, o setor come??ou a incrementar as vendas internas, atrav??s da conscientiza????o dos agricultores, quanto ao uso de sementes, mais produtivas e com tecnologias superiores ??s sementes piratas. No entanto, o mercado de sementes, muitas vezes, ?? avaliado atrav??s de n??meros emp??ricos, que acabam n??o representando as tend??ncias exatas do setor. Neste sentido o presente estudo objetiva uma avalia????o detalhada dos n??meros que movimentam esse mercado. Para isso, utilizaram-se como base de refer??ncia, dois documentos encaminhados pelos produtores de sementes ao MAPA: a Rela????o de Campos para Produ????o de Sementes (RC) e o Mapa de Produ????o e Comercializa????o de Sementes (MP). Ambos os documentos s??o processados pela APASSUL, em fun????o de termo de coopera????o t??cnica entre MAPA(SEFIA/RS), CSM e APASSUL. As observa????es realizadas referem-se ??s safras 2005/2006, 2006/2007 e 2007/2008. Os resultados apresentaram um aumento na produ????o e comercializa????o de sementes legais, confirmando o crescimento do setor. Observou-se, tamb??m, que novos obtentores v??m ganhando mercado. Quanto ao uso de cultivares que, anteriormente, se restringia a algumas, o cen??rio aponta para uma crescente estratifica????o, com tend??ncia semelhante ?? verificada na participa????o de mercado por obtentor. Nota-se que para cada hectare aprovado se comercializa na m??dia menos de uma tonelada de semente, sendo o baixo ??ndice de comercializa????o o fator de maior peso.The soy beans market is adjusting a restructuring since the liberation of Roundup Ready?? (RR) technology by federal government in Brazil. In the latest years, the sector started to increase the internal sales, through the agriculturists consciousness about the seeds, more productive and with higher technology than pirate seeds. However, the seed market, many times is evaluated through empirical numbers that end up not representing the exact tendencies of the sector. This study has as a goal a detailed evaluation of numbers that move this market. For this it was used as a reference basis two documents sent by seed farmers to the MAPA: the relation of fields for seeds production (RC), and the production and seeds business (MP). Both documents are processed by APASSUL according to the term of technical cooperation among MAPA(SEFIA/RS), CSM and APASSUL. The observed notes are about the crops in 2005/2006, 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. The results presented a growth in legal seeds production and business, confirming the growth in the sector. It was also possible to note the new breeders that have been growing in this market. About the cultivars usage, that previously, was restrict to some materials, the scenario shows an increasing stratification with similar tendency verified in the market participation as a breeder. Note that for every hectare approved less than a half ton of seeds is commercialized, and low level of marketing is the highest risk factor