形態性狀在番椒品種鑑別上之研究

Abstract

Morphological traits are used to identify their relationship of 49 pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars from Know You and Evergrow seed companies. Twenty five horticultural traits based on the classification system of National Plant Genetic Resource Center showed that the morphological traits of seed, leaf, flower, and fruit can be used to distinguish them. By utilization of differences of 14 fruit characteristics to test these 49 cultivars that they could not be fully distinguished by morphological traits. The dendrograms displayed sweet pepper and hot pepper can be distinguished through the cluster analysis of using morphological traits. Cultivar ‘Uranus' showed proximate genetic relationship with ‘ Big Star' of Know You seed company. And Know You cultivars of Peace of ‘Lady Square' and ‘summer Bell'. The same as ‘Vega' and ‘Beauty Bell' cultivars of Know You seed company and ‘Square Lamuyo', ‘Rich Square', and ‘Blocky Red' cultivars of Evergrow seed company. The result of genetic relationship among 49 Capsicum annuum L. cultivars can be known clearly based on cluster analysis of morphological traits.依據「國家作物種源中心」所訂定「番椒品種特性調查項目」的分類標準，調查分析農友及生生種苗公司之49個番椒品種(Capsicum annuum L.)的外觀形態之25項性狀，結果顯示以種子、葉片、花器在內的11項性狀不易區別各品種的差異，而以果實的14項性狀較易區別出各品種間的差異，但仍無法將全部供試品種完全鑑別區分。利用形態性狀之群叢分析(cluster analysis)，供試品種明顯區分為甜椒和辣椒品種兩大群，農友種苗公司的'天王星'和'巨星'二個甜椒品種的親緣關係最近，農友種苗公司的'和星'、'群星'、與生生種子公司的'麗方'、'夏鐘'等四個甜椒品種分在同一群內，農友種苗公司的'織女星'、'美星'與生生種子公司的'友方'、'富方'、'艷方'等五個甜椒品種同屬一群內，歸群結果益於瞭解供試品種間的形態性狀親緣關係