Food Supply Intensification Scheme and Environment Friendly Farming in Indonesia : Results and Constraints for IPM under the BIMAS, IMMAS, and INSUS Program

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to discuss about the implementation and constraints of "the Integrated Pest Management by use of the natural enemy in Indonesia. In most advanced countries, the pesticide use has increased since long time ago. And this has caused serious problems such as environmental degradation etc. Since then they have tried to decrease the pesticide use. Following the Green Revolution movement, Indonesia has adopted staple food supply intensification scheme (BIMAS, IMMAS, INSUS etc) to attain food self sufficiency. In this process, pesticide use has increased sharply. However, new species of pests which has resistance to the pesticide have come out just after application of pesticides. This situation has destructed the ecological balance and caused environmental degradation. On the one hand, Netherland has developed new method to control pests by using natural enemies without any pesticides, so called Integrated Pests Management system. Indonesia has introduced this 1PM system following the Netherland and succeeded in controling pests effectively in some areas to some extent so far. However the ratio of farmers who have been trained for this 1PM system has still been so small that the nationwide implementation has faced several constraints. The situation of these constraints and how to overcome are discussed in this paper