research article text

Medical Emergencies in Pediatric Dentistry

Abstract

Hitna stanja opasna za život mogu se dogoditi, i događaju se, i u ordinaciji dentalne medicine. Mogu nastati zbog komplikacija osnovne bolesti i kao reakcija na lijekove koja može biti alergijska i toksična. Najčešće toksične reakcije uzrokuju lokalni anestetici, a alergije se pojavljuju uglavnom pri primjeni antibiotika, najčešće penicilina. Kao reakcija na stres najčešće nastaje vazovagalna sinkopa. Ostali uzroci mogu biti povezani s osnovnom bolesti određenog sustava (akutni astmatski napadaj, dijabetička ketoacidoza, hipoglikemija, epileptički napadaji itd.), ili su nesretni slučajevi (aspiracija stranog tijela, što uzrokuje opstrukciju dišnog sustava). Za sve navedeno propisane su smjernice koje je potrebno znati. Ako nastanu komplikacije, a ne poduzmu se potrebne mjere, može se dogoditi zastoj srca ili prestanak disanja pa je potrebna kardiopulmonalna reanimacija. Sve postupke i doze nužno je prilagoditi dobi djeteta.Medical emergencies that are life threatening can occur in dental practice. Complications may arise because of an underlying disease or a reaction to medication. Reactions to medications may be allergic and toxic. The most common reactions are toxic reactions to local anesthetics, whereas allergies occur mainly as a consequence of the application of antibiotics, usually penicillin. In response to stress, vasovagal syncope typically occurs. Other causes may be related to an underlying diseasespecific pathology (such as acute asthma attack, diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, or seizures) or accidents (aspiration of a foreign body causing obstruction of the respiratory system). For all the above conditions, guidelines have been established that need to be known. If complications occur or necessary measures are not taken, it can lead to cardiac and respiratory arrest. Therefore, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is needed. All procedures and dosages should be adapted to the age of the child

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