In past decades, magnetic surveying had become popular as one of the
most effective techniques supporting archaeological prospecting. This is possible
because the existence of susceptibility contrasts between the cover soil and several
buried finds often causes detectable anomalies. More recently, great advances were
made in signal enhancement and boundary analysis of potential field anomalies,
thanks to methods allowing a suitable differentiation of the field without making
the process unstable. New three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques provided an
estimate of the magnetization distribution within the subsoil by means of highresolution
images of the source distribution. Most of these methods are fast and
reliable in the presence of shallow and compact sources, just as in the case of
the sources usually occurring in archaeological prospecting. Nevertheless, great
effort was spent by the scientific community to overcome serious problems causing
low signal-to-noise ratio in the measurements. This chapter provides a step-bystep
description of technical solutions adopted to improve the quality of data and
to perform a better interpretation of the magnetic anomalies usually associated to
the presence of archaeological finds. To this end, a summary of case histories is
illustrated giving a general framework of the latest progress in archaeo-magnetism
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