Feeling controlled and drinking motives among college students: Contingent self-esteem as a mediator

Abstract

This article presents an examination of college student drinking motives from a self-determination perspective. We predicted positive associations between controlled orientation (a chronic orientation toward pressures and experiencing a lack of choice in one’s behaviors), and drinking as a means of regulating affect (enhancement and coping motives) and social approval (social rewards and conformity motives). Contingent self-esteem involves deriving self-worth from meeting expectations and was expected to mediate the relation between controlled orientation and drinking motives, which were in turn expected to predict alcohol consumption and related consequences. College students ’ (N=204) controlled orientation, contingent self-esteem, motives for drinking, and patterns of alcohol use were assessed. Mediation analyses provided support for our theoretical framework. Results suggest that ‘‘controlled’ ’ individuals drink to regulate affect and social approval in part because they have a greater tendency to base self-worth on contingencies. Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985b, 2000) proposes that individual