Association of the European Lactase Persistence Variant (LCT-13910 C.T Polymorphism) with Obesity in the Canary Islands

Abstract

Background: European lactose tolerance genotype (LCT-13910 C.T, rs4988234) has been positively associated to body mass indexes (BMI) in a meta-analysis of 31,720 individuals of northern and central European descent. A strong association of lactase persistence (LP) with BMI and obesity has also been traced in a Spanish Mediterranean population. The aim of this study was to analyze a potential association of LP compared to lactase non-persistence (LNP) with BMI in inhabitants of the Canary Islands of Spain using Mendelian randomization. Methods: A representative, randomly sampled population of adults belonging to the Canary Islands Nutrition Survey (ENCA) in Spain, aged 18–75 years (n = 551), was genotyped for the LCT – 13910 C.T polymorphism. Milk consumption was assessed by a validated questionnaire. Anthropometric variables were directly measured. WHO classification of BMI was used. Results: LP individuals were significantly more obese than LNP subjects (x2 = 10.59; p,0.005). LP showed in a multivariate linear regression analysis showed a positive association of LP with BMI compared to LNP, (b = 0.96; 95 % CI: 0.08–1.85, p = 0.033). In a multinomial logistic regression analysis normal range weight LP subjects showed an odds ratio for obesity of 2.41; 95%CI 1.39–418, (p = 0.002) compared to LNP. Conclusions: The T-13910 of the allele LCT-13910 C.T polymorphism is positively associated with BMI. LP increase