Aetiological treatment of congenital Chagas ’ disease diagnosed and monitored by the polymerase chain reaction

Abstract

Objectives: This prospective study focused on the evaluation of anti-parasitic therapy in congenital Chagas’ disease, diagnosed and monitored by PCR and conventional diagnosis. Materials and methods: We studied 152 children born to seroreactive mothers, living in a non-endemic area. Fifty infants aged 0–6 months (GA) were diagnosed by microhaematocrit and PCR and 102 children aged 7 months to 17 years (GB) were diagnosed by serology and PCR. Forty treated patients were monitored for 2 or 3 years by PCR and conventional methods. A competitive-quantitative PCR was used to determine pre-therapy parasitic loads and follow their post-treatment evolution. Results: In GA, the sensitivities of the PCR and microhaematocrit were 100 % and 82.4 % and their specifici-ties 97 % and 100%, respectively. In GB, the sensitivity of the PCR was 73.8 % with a specificity of 100%. Pre-therapy parasitic loads ranged from 12.5 to 125 000 and 12.5 to 125 parasite genomic equivalents/mL of blood in GA and GB, respectively. PCR turned negative in all treated pre-therapy PCR positive patients before or at the end of treatment, which was followed by their seronegativation in 10/10 GA, in 3/5 childre