DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN UPDATED SYSTEM FOR DOWN-HOLE SEISMIC TESTING TOGETHER WITH PIEZOCONE

This paper presents the updated version of a system that uses a probe and software to carry out down-hole seismic testing in conjunction with piezocone to determine shear wave (Vs) and compressional wave (VP) velocities for geotechnical site characterization. The system was used in down-hole tests carried out at experimental research sites located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, where reference Vs and VP values determined by cross-hole and down-hole tests are available. The updated seismic probe has six geophones: three for S wave recordings spaced 0.5 m apart and three for P wave recordings, also spaced 0.5 m apart. The updated software integrates data acquisition, allows the visualization of S and P wave traces and calculates Vs using the true interval method. The VP profiles could only be determined by the pseudo-time interval using commercial software. The developed system is considered efficient for determining Vs profiles in the way it was used. Further studies are needed to better understand the propagation of P waves, as well as to improve the system and the method for determining VP profiles.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Department of Civil Engineering, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Department of Civil Engineering, SPFAPESP: 2017/23174-5CNPq: 306802/2020-1CNPq: 436478/2018-

Metabolomic alterations related to productive performance and carcass traits of nellore cattle finished in feedlot

Para maximizar a eficiência produtiva, é fundamental entender como o metabolismo animal se adapta a diversos tipos de sistema de produção. Neste estudo, objetivou-se identificar e quantificar metabólitos plasmáticos em bovinos de corte com diferentes taxas de crescimento durante a terminação em confinamento. Foram utilizados 120 bovinos Nelore (Bos indicus), machos não castrados, com peso médio inicial de 387 ± 14 kg e com 24 ± 2 meses de idade. Os animais foram confinados por 115 dias, recebendo dieta total de terminação composta por milho grão moído (51,0%), grãos secos de destilaria (17,7%), polpa cítrica (15,9%), bagaço de cana (12,0%) e núcleo (3,4 %). Ao final da primeira etapa da adaptação, foram escolhidos aleatoriamente 40 animais para coleta de sangue. Ao final do período experimental, do subset de 40 bovinos, foram selecionados 24 animais e divididos em dois grupos experimentais de: alta (HP =12) e baixa (LP=12) taxa de crescimento com base no ganho de peso médio diário (GMD). O sangue coletado utilizado para extração e quantificação dos metabólitos por meio de ressonância magnética nuclear (H-NMR). Dados de área de olho de lombo (AOL), espessura de gordura subcutânea (EGS), peso de carcaça quente (PCQ) e rendimento de carcaça (RC) foram obtidos via ultrassom no final da terminação. O desempenho dos animais foi influenciado pela taxa de crescimento, sendo observado nos animais HP maiores eficiência alimentar, PCQ e EGS (P < 0,05). Foram identificados 47 metabolitos no soro sanguíneo desses animais. Bovinos do grupo HP apresentaram maior concentração de treonina, glicolato, histidina e creatinina (P < 0,05), enquanto o grupo LP apresentou maior concentração de fenilamina, succinato, acetato, asparagina e 2-hidroxisobutirato (P < 0,05). Dentre as vias enriquecidas, destacam-se cadeia transportadora de elétrons mitocondrial (P = 0,06), degradação do etanol (P = 0,08) e oxidação da treonina e 2-oxobutanoato (P = 0,09). Os resultados encontrados indicaram maior atividade no metabolismo energético em animais HP, apresentando uma maior diversificação dos substratos para geração de energia. Animais LP possivelmente apresentam uma ineficiência na cadeia transportadora de elétrons, diminuindo sua eficiência de utilização de energia e impactando o desempenho.To maximize productive efficiency, it is essential to understand how animal metabolism adapts to different types of production systems. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify plasma metabolites in feedlot-finished beef cattle with divergent growth rates. A total of 120 non-castrated Nellore (Bos indicus) bulls were used, with an initial average body weight of 387 ± 14 kg and an average age of 24 ± 2 months. The animals were housed in a feedlot for 115 days and received a finishing total mixed ration composed of ground corn grain (51.0%), dried distillers grains (17.7%), citrus pulp (15.9%), sugarcane bagasse (12.0%), and a mineral-vitamin premix (3.4%). At the end of the first step of adaptation, 40 animals were randomly selected for blood sampling. At the end of the experimental period, from this subset of 40 animals, 24 were selected and divided into two experimental groups: high (HP = 12) and low (LP = 12) growth rate, based on average daily gain (ADG). Blood samples were used for metabolite extraction and quantification by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR). Data on longissimus muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BFT), hot carcass weight (HCW), and dressing percentage (DP) were obtained via ultrasound at the end of the finishing period. Animal performance was influenced by growth rate, with HP animals showing greater feed efficiency, HCW, and BFT (P < 0.05). A total of 47 serum metabolites were identified. HP animals presented higher concentrations of threonine, glycolate, histidine, and creatinine (P < 0.05), while the LP group showed higher concentrations of phenylalanine, succinate, acetate, asparagine, and 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (P < 0.05). Among the enriched metabolic pathways, the mitochondrial electron transport chain (P = 0.06), ethanol degradation (P = 0.08), and threonine and 2-oxobutanoate degradation (P = 0.09) were noteworthy. The findings indicate higher activity in energy metabolism in HP animals, with greater substrate diversity for energy production. Conversely, LP animals may present inefficiencies in the electron transport chain, reducing their energy utilization efficiency and negatively impacting performance.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)88887.802644/2023-0

Evaluation of the esophagus and stomach in individuals with oropharyngeal dysphagia

Introdução: Até pouco mais de uma década, a patogênese da gastrite, úlcera gástrica, duodenite e úlcera duodenal eram atribuídos ao desequilíbrio entre o mecanismo de defesa do hospedeiro e secreção ácida; no entanto nos últimos anos os estudos mostram que estas alterações muitas vezes acontecem pela presença de bactérias no estômago. Atualmente a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) é considerada a principal causa de gastrite crônica, e pode levar até o aparecimento do adenocarcinoma gástrico. Diante deste fato é importante traçar estratégias para prevenção e controle deste patógeno e há poucas investigações na literatura sobre a presença de H. pylori nos indivíduos com disfagia orofaríngea e uso de gastrostomia endoscópica percutânea (GEP). Objetivo: Avaliação endoscópica das mucosas esofágica e gástrica e detectar a presença do H.pylori em indivíduos com disfagia neurogênica, no momento da confecção da GEP e após 6 meses. E verificar se existe associação entre os achados endoscópicos com idade, sexo, tempo de alimentação por sonda, doença de base e uso de medicamentos. Método: É um estudo clínico, primário, intervencional, longitudinal, prospectivo e analítico. Participaram 44 indivíduos, numa amostra de conveniência, com a faixa etária entre 25 a 94 anos de idade (mediana: 76 anos e desvio padrão: 15,2 anos), sendo 18 (41%) do sexo feminino e 26 (59%) do sexo masculino com disfagia orofaríngea neurogênica de diferentes etiologias e indicação de GEP. Dois indivíduos morreram de causas não relacionadas, antes da segunda fase do estudo e por isso foram excluídos da amostra final. Todos foram atendidos no ambulatório médico de especialidades da Universidade de Marília e os procedimentos realizados no Hospital Beneficente Unimar. Os procedimentos foram divididos em duas etapas, a primeira durante a confecção da GEP foi analisada a mucosa do esôfago, segundo a classificação de Los Angeles; a mucosa gástrica segundo a classificação de Sydney; e avaliada a presença do H. pylori, pelo teste de urease. A segunda etapa, após 6 meses, durante a troca da sonda da GEP, foi realizada nova avaliação endoscópica, com descrição dos achados de esôfago/estômago e um novo teste de urease. A análise estatística comparou os momentos pré e pós GEP, dos achados endoscópicos e dos resultados do teste da urease, utilizando o teste de McNemar para dados nominais pareados, com o software SPSS v. 26 e para comparar as variáveis dos grupos em uso de medicamento e não, foi utilizado também o teste de McNemar. Resultados: Dos indivíduos submetidos à GEP, a causa da disfagia orofaríngea foi em sua maioria por doenças degenerativas 20 (47,6%), acidente vascular cerebral 19 (45,2%) e outros 3 (7,2%). Observamos que 37 (84%) indivíduos estavam em uso de sonda nasoenteral e dieta exclusiva, entre 2 meses a 2 anos (média de 8,4 meses) e 7 (16%) deles com dieta por sonda e via oral antes do procedimento da GEP. Quanto aos achados da endoscopia pré-GEP observamos que 8 (17,4%) indivíduos apresentavam esofagite, 17 (37%) esofagite/gastrite, 6 (13%) gastrite e 15 (32,6%) sem alterações na mucosa esofágica/gástrica. Em relação a resultado do teste da Urease, antes do procedimento da GEP, verificamos que 35 (76,1%) indivíduos apresentaram resultado negativo e 11 (23,9%), positivo. Realizamos também a divisão da amostra em dois grupos segundo o uso de medicamento inibidor de bomba de próton, anticoagulante e ou antiagregante plaquetário, sendo o grupo em uso com 17 indivíduos (40%) e sem uso com 25 (60%). Nos achados da endoscopia realizada após 6 meses, notamos que 2 (4,5%) indivíduos apresentavam esofagite, 4 (9,1%) gastrite e 38 (86,4%) exame sem alterações, independente do uso de medicações. Quanto ao teste de urease observamos que 38 (88,4%) dos indivíduos apresentaram o teste negativo, enquanto 5 (11,6%) com resultado positivo. Houve diferença significativa entre os achados da mucosa esofágica/gástrica nos dois momentos (p<0,001) e não houve diferença estatística da presença do H.pylori antes e depois da GEP (p=0,131) independente do uso de medicações. Conclusão: Após a realização da GEP, houve melhora da esofagite e da gastrite independente do uso de medicações, enquanto a positividade no teste de urease, embora tenha reduzido, não foi significativo. Além disso houve benefícios em indivíduos com mais de 76 anos e com tempo prolongado de sonda.Introduction: Until a little over a decade ago, the pathogenesis of gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenitis and duodenal ulcer was attributed to an imbalance between the host's defense mechanism and acid secretion; however, in recent years’ studies have shown that these alterations are often caused by the presence of bacteria in the stomach. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is currently considered the main cause of chronic gastritis and can even lead to gastric adenocarcinoma. In view of this fact, it is important to devise strategies to prevent and control this pathogen and there is little research in the literature on the presence of H. pylori in individuals with oropharyngeal dysphagia and the use of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG). Objective: Endoscopic evaluation of the esophageal and gastric mucosa and detection of the presence of H. pylori in individuals with neurogenic dysphagia, at the time of PEG preparation and after 6 months. And to verify whether there is an association between the endoscopic findings and age, sex, time of tube feeding, underlying disease and use of medications. Method: This is a clinical, primary, interventional, longitudinal, prospective and analytical study. 44 individuals took part, in a convenience sample, aged between 25 and 94 years (median: 76 years old and standard deviation: 15.2 years old), 18 (41%) female and 26 (59%) male with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia of different etiologies and an indication for PEG. Two individuals died of unrelated causes before the second phase of the study and were therefore excluded from the final sample. All patients were seen at the Medical Specialties Outpatient Clinic of the Universidade de Marília and the procedures were carried out at the Hospital Beneficente da Universidade de Marília. The procedures were divided into two stages: first, during the preparation of the PEG, the esophageal mucosa was analyzed according to the Los Angeles classification; the gastric mucosa according to the Sydney classification; and the presence of H. pylori was assessed using the urease test. The second stage, after 6 months, during the PEG probe change, a new endoscopic evaluation was carried out, with a description of the esophagus/stomach findings and a new urease test. Statistical analysis compared pre- and post-PEG endoscopic findings and urease test results using McNemar's test for paired nominal data with SPSS v. 26 software and to compare the variables of the groups using medication and not, we used the McNemar test also. Results: Of the individuals who underwent PEG, the cause of oropharyngeal dysphagia was mostly due to degenerative disease in 20 (47,6%), stroke in 19 (45,2%) and others in 3 (7,2%). We found that 37 (84%) individuals were on a nasoenteral tube and an exclusive diet for between 2 months and 2 years (mean 8.4 months) and 7 (16%) of them were on a tube and oral diet before the PEG procedure. As for the pre-PEG endoscopy findings, we found that 8 (17.4%) individuals had esophagitis, 17 (37%) had esophagitis/gastritis, 6 (13%) had gastritis and 15 (32.6%) had no changes in the esophageal/gastric mucosa. Regarding the results of the urease test before the PEG procedure, we found that 35 (76.1%) individuals had a negative result and 11 (23.9%) had a positive result. We also divided the sample into two groups according to the use of proton pump inhibitor, anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet medication, with the group using it comprising 17 individuals (40%) and the group not using it comprising 25 (60%). The endoscopy findings after 6 months showed that 2 (4.5%) subjects had esophagitis, 4 (9.1%) had gastritis and 38 (86.4%) had no alterations, regardless of the use of medications. As for the urease test, we found that 38 (88.4%) of the individuals had a negative test, while 5 (11.6%) had a positive result. There was a significant difference between the findings of the esophageal/gastric mucosa at both times (p<0.001) and there was no statistical difference in the presence of H. pylori before and after PEG (p=0.131), regardless of the use of medications. Conclusion: After PEG, there was an improvement in esophagitis and gastritis regardless of the use of medication, while positivity in the urease test, although reduced, was not significant. In addition, there were benefits in individuals over 76 years old and with prolonged tube use

Study of the influence of void content on the mechanical properties of samples printed with mSLA devices

A manufatura aditiva se apresenta como uma nova alternativa para construção de peças com flexibilidade de design e economia de material. Sua qualidade, durabilidade e propriedades mecânicas tem sido estudada a fim de viabilizar cada vez mais o uso da técnica pelas indústrias. Esse modelo de manufatura representa uma revolução nos métodos de fabricação, já que demandam o mínimo de interação humana. A estereolitografia mascarada (mSLA) é uma técnica de manufatura aditiva que utiliza resina fotocurável como matéria prima no processo de fabricação de peças. O estudo de vazios associadas a essa técnica é fundamental para entender seu impacto nas propriedades mecânicas do material. Para realizar tal estudo o trabalho foi realizado em duas etapas. A primeira parte trata do estudo de concentradores de tensão em placas planas variando a relação diâmetro versus largura da placa, avaliando corpos de prova submetidos a carregamentos axiais e excêntricos. Para as amostras submetidas a carregamentos axiais a validação dos resultados ocorreu com a comparação entre o método analítico de Whitney Nuismer, correlação digital de imagens e método dos elementos finitos. Para as amostras submetidas a carregamentos excêntricos, a validação dos resultados ocorreu pelo método dos elementos finitos e correlação digital de imagens. Uma vez compreendido o comportamento mecânico de amostras com um furo central, foi possível expandir a análise para modelos mais complexos. Nesse sentido, a segunda parte tem como foco a introdução de uma cadeia de vazios em corpos de prova modificando a geometria e porcentagem de vazios afim de analisar o seu impacto nas propriedades mecânicas do material. Dessa forma, foram avaliadas as configurações circular com galerias, hexagonal com galerias e de dutos, para as porcentagens de 15%, 23% e 32%. As amostras foram submetidas a ensaios de tração e a ensaios de flexão em três pontos. A validação dos resultados ocorreu pela comparação dos métodos dos elementos finitos e correlação digital de imagens. A consistência dos resultados encontrados reforça a qualidade da técnica empregada, demonstrando que este estudo não apenas atingiu seus objetivos como também forneceu uma base para futuras investigações na área.Additive manufacturing presents itself as a new alternative for building parts with design flexibility and material savings. Its quality, durability, and mechanical properties have been studied in order to increasingly enable the use of the technique by industries. This manufacturing model represents a revolution in manufacturing methods, as it requires minimal human interaction. Masked stereolithography (mSLA) is an additive manufacturing technique that uses photocurable resin as raw material in the process of producing parts. The study of voids associated with this technique is fundamental to understanding its impact on the mechanical properties of the material. To carry out such a study, the work was conducted in two stages. The first part deals with the study of stress concentrators in flat plates by varying the diameter-to-width ratio of the plate, evaluating specimens subjected to axial and eccentric loading. For samples subjected to axial loading, the validation of the results was done through comparison between the analytical method of Whitney-Nuismer, digital image correlation, and the finite element method. For samples subjected to eccentric loading, the validation of the results was done using the finite element method and digital image correlation. Once the mechanical behavior of samples with a central hole was understood, it was possible to expand the analysis to more complex models. In this regard, the second part focuses on the introduction of a chain of voids in the specimens, modifying the geometry and void percentage in order to analyze their impact on the mechanical properties of the material. Thus, the configurations evaluated were circular with galleries, hexagonal with galleries, and ductshaped, for void percentages of 15%, 23%, and 32%. The samples were subjected to tensile tests and three-point bending tests. The validation of the results was done by comparing the finite element method and digital image correlation. The consistency of the results found reinforces the quality of the technique employed, demonstrating that this study not only achieved its objectives but also provided a foundation for future investigations in the fiel

Efficacy and safety of risankizumab versus methotrexate in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results from IMMbrace, a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study with an open-label extension period in Brazil

Background: Psoriasis, a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, requires long-term therapy. Risankizumab is a humanized immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that specifically inhibits interleukin 23 by binding to its p19 subunit. Objective: The authors assessed the efficacy and safety of risankizumab compared with methotrexate in adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Methods: IMMbrace was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled study. Patients received subcutaneous risankizumab 150 mg at weeks 0, 4, and 16 plus oral placebo weekly, or oral methotrexate 5 mg weekly (with dose escalation up to 25 mg based on response and tolerability) plus subcutaneous placebo at weeks 0, 4, and 16. Primary efficacy endpoints were the proportions of patients who achieved ≥ 90% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI90) and static Physician's Global Assessment of clear/almost clear (sPGA 0/1) at week 28. Safety was also assessed. Results: Among 98 patients randomized (risankizumab, n = 50; methotrexate, n = 48), 95 completed the double-blind period. At week 28, significantly higher proportions of patients treated with risankizumab versus methotrexate achieved PASI90 (84.0% vs. 35.4%; p < 0.001); sPGA 0/1 was achieved by 90.0% and 64.6% of patients in the risankizumab and methotrexate groups (p ≤ 0.001). Risankizumab efficacy was maintained throughout week 112. Adverse event rates were similar in the two groups. Study limitations: The sample size was small due to the difficulty of recruiting patients without methotrexate use. Conclusions: Risankizumab demonstrated superior efficacy over methotrexate at week 28; efficacy was maintained, and no new safety findings were observed through week 112.AbbVieDepartment of Dermatology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RSDivision of Dermatology Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, SPInstituto de Dermatologia e Estética do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Dermatology Hospital das Clínicas Universidade de São Paulo, SPDepartment of Dermatology Hospital Moinhos de Vento, RSDiscipline of Dermatology Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, PRDepartment of Infectology Dermatology Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy Faculty of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista, SPDiscipline of Dermatology Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto São José do Rio Preto, SPDermaology Service Hospital Universitário Evangélico Mackenzie de Curitiba, PRAbbVie Inc.AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGIn memoriamDepartment of Dermatology Faculdade de Medicina de ABC, SPDepartment of Infectology Dermatology Imaging Diagnosis and Radiotherapy Faculty of Medicine Universidade Estadual Paulista, S

Role of the fruit as a sink for ripeners in citrus under drift conditions

O avanço das áreas de cana-de-açúcar sobre áreas do Cinturão Citrícola aumentou a exposição de pomares ao risco de deriva de agrotóxicos, especialmente de maturadores como o glifosato e o trinexapaque-etílico, frequentemente aplicados por via aérea. Diante desse cenário, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do fruto de citros como dreno para esses dois maturadores em um cenário de deriva, bem como os efeitos dos produtos no crescimento das plantas. Para isso, foi conduzido um experimento com duas aplicações: na primeira, simulando a exposição de toda a planta e na segunda com parte dos frutos cobertos, a fim de diferenciar a absorção por contato direto da absorção sistêmica. Foram realizadas avaliações de altura, teores de clorofila e a razão de fluorescência da clorofila a (Fv/Fm). Ao final do período, foram mensuradas a área foliar e a massa seca de caule e folhas, e alterações morfológicas foram registradas fotograficamente. Os resultados indicaram a presença de resíduos de glifosato nos frutos da laranjeira aos 10 DAA (nas doses do equivalente ácido de 360 e 720 g i.a. ha¹), enquanto resíduos de trinexapaque-etílico (nas doses 150 e 300 g i.a. ha¹) não foram detectados no mesmo período. As doses testadas de ambos os produtos não afetaram negativamente o crescimento geral das mudas de laranja ‘Valência’ (enxertadas em Citrus limonia), independentemente da presença de frutos, apresentando crescimento vegetativo e acumulo de biomassa normal e eficiência fotossintética e acumulo de clorofila dentro da faixa considerada saudável para plantas sem estresse fisiológico severo nos períodos avaliados. No entanto, ao avaliar especificamente os frutos expostos diretamente aos maturadores, observaram-se efeitos negativos evidentes, como deformidades e amarelecimento, com um aumento de até 40% na incidência desses defeitos. Essa constatação reforça a importância de se evitar a ocorrência de deriva, especialmente em períodos próximos à colheita dos citros, a fim de garantir a qualidade e a segurança do produto final.The expansion of sugarcane cultivation into areas of the Citrus Belt has increased the exposure of orchards to drift, especially from ripening agents such as glyphosate and trinexapac-ethyl, which are frequently applied by aerial spraying. In light of this scenario, the present study aimed to evaluate the role of citrus fruits as sinks for these two ripening agents in a drift context, as well as the effects of these substances on plant growth. To this end, an experiment was conducted with two applications: the first simulating exposure of the entire plant, and the second with some fruits covered in order to differentiate direct contact absorption from systemic absorption. Measurements were taken for plant height, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll a fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm). At the end of the evaluation period, leaf area and dry mass of stems and leaves were measured, and morphological changes were documented photographically. The results indicated the presence of glyphosate residues in orange fruits at 10 days after application (DAA) at doses of 360 and 720 g a.e. ha⁻¹, while no residues of trinexapac-ethyl (at 150 and 300 g a.i. ha⁻¹) were detected at the same interval. The tested doses of both products did not negatively affect the overall growth of ‘Valencia’ orange seedlings (grafted on Citrus limonia), regardless of fruit presence, showing normal vegetative growth, biomass accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency, and chlorophyll content within ranges considered healthy for unstressed plants during the evaluation periods. However, when assessing the fruits directly exposed to the ripening agents, clear negative effects were observed, such as deformities and yellowing, with up to a 40% increase in the incidence of these defects. This finding underscores the importance of avoiding drift events, especially near citrus harvest periods, to ensure the quality and safety of the final product.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)953

The Siddis of Karnataka: Religiosity, Africanity and the Struggle Against Discrimination

In the interior of Karnataka state, in the region’s small villages or dense forests, live several thousand Afro-descendants. These Siddis, as they are called, have generally been treated with contempt by non-Siddi Indians living in the surrounding area. The population is divided into three religious groups: Christian, Hindu and Muslim. It was only as part of the struggle against discrimination that formerly entrenched boundaries and senses of belonging started to be challenged and redefined and new perspectives of identification emerged, including the connection with African diasporic networks. This article seeks to analyse the role played by religious factors in Siddi lives, how they have helped or hindered the struggle to obtain specific rights, and how the population has been affected in this process. Hence, the relationship between religion and caste and between religion and “race” will also be explored.Department of Sociology and Anthropology São Paulo State UniversityDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology São Paulo State Universit

Uma análise discursiva dos sentidos do Saresp na escola

Este produto educacional é um dos desdobramentos da dissertação de mestrado intitulada “Entre o dizível e o silêncio nas políticas públicas de avaliação de larga escala: uma análise discursiva dos sentidos do Saresp”, desenvolvida no programa de mestrado profissional em Docência para Educação Básica, no campus da Unesp de Bauru. Assim, este produto educacional assume o formato de um roteiro de estudos, com o objetivo de propor reflexões sobre as avaliações de larga escala nas escolas públicas estaduais, em especial o Saresp, a partir de uma abordagem materialista do discurso, inserida no campo da Análise de Discurso de Michel Pêcheux, em uma perspectiva que entrelaça a língua, a história e a ideologia. Também tem como objetivo aproximar o conhecimento produzido na universidade das escolas, em um movimento dialético, marcado pelas relações de contradição e transformação. Por fim, com essas reflexões pretende-se transformar a maneira de pensar a própria escola e as avaliações e, assim, possibilitar mudanças na realidade escolar e no agir docente

Temporal analysis of extracts from the leaves of Eugenia uniflora L.: chemistry and antifungal activity

Eugenia uniflora is popularly known as “pitanga” and presents a vast biological potential due to its secondary metabolites. In this work, the temporal analysis of hydroethanolic extracts of E. uniflora leaves were studied chemical and biologically over the 2018. The chromatographic profiles obtained by HPLC-UV-DAD indicate the similar chemical profile at 352 nm in all extracts. According to the study by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS (liquid chromatography to Tandem Mass Spectrometry with electrospray ionization), it was possible to identify the presence of thirty-five substances and between then quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, fifteen tannins and sixteen flavonoids. This study provides the first identification of digalloyl-galagyl-hexoside, tetragalloylglucose, peduncalagin I, digalloylquinic acid, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-(6′-O-galoyl)-glucoside in the leaf extract of Eugenia uniflora. The data indicate the variation and content of flavonols throughout the year, but these factors did not have an impact on the antifungal activity of these extracts against Cryptococcus neformans. These results indicate that regardless of the collection period, the plant has biological potential.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)University of Sao Paulo School of Arts Science and Humanitites, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Campus of São Paulo Coast, SPDepartment of Botany Institute of Biosciences University of São Paulo, SPDepartment of Microbiology Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São Paulo, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Campus of São Paulo Coast, SPFAPESP: 2016/05369-

Technological Development and Innovation in Knowledge Management

Introduction: Intellectual production on Knowledge Management is evident in research across various fields such as Administration, Management, Information Science, Marketing, among others, focusing on sustaining organizations and companies within their market segments. Objective: To analyze technological development and innovation based on patent productions in knowledge management. Methodology: A patentometric study utilizing the search term knowledge management in the Derwent Index Innovation database for data collection related to patents on knowledge management, resulting in a total of 1311 results. Subsequently, the temporal evolution of patent applications, main patent areas, co-occurrence among international patent classifications, and cooperation among organizations or inventors were analyzed. Results: A growing trend of patent applications in Knowledge Management was observed between 1992 and 2024, with engineering and Computer Science being the areas of highest concentration, and the most representative international patent classification codes being: G06N, G06F, G06Q, and H04L. Regarding cooperation, major collaborations occurred among organizations such as IBMC, Hitachi Ltd., Hewlett-Packard Company, and Oracle. Conclusion: Patent applications in knowledge management are experiencing significant growth, with certain organizations standing out, particularly in the development of artifacts and/or industrial processes related to Engineering and Computing, represented by classifications G06F, G06Q, G06N, and H04L.Univ Estadual Paulista, Marilia, SP, BrazilEscola Super Jornalismo, Maputo, MozambiqueUniv Estadual Paulista, Marilia, SP, Brazi