THE CRUSTACEAN'S EXPORT-IMPORT MAPPING OF FISH QUARANTINE AND INSPECTION AGENCY (FQIA) JAKARTA I ON 2021-2022 PERIOD

Indonesia's crustacean has great potential fisheries business. The depletion of fisheries natural resources needs to be solved to avoid overfishing, especially for crustaceans. The study aim was to analyze crustacean diversity and mapping its products on export and import markets, as well as to analyze the sustainability of crustacean export-import across Indonesia. The study was conducted at FQIA Jakarta I on January until February 2023. The descriptive analysis method was used. The results of the study showed that Indonesia's fisheries export were higher than import activities. On crustacean exports, the highest destination country for lobster (Panulirus sp.) is Cina, the highest destination country for crab (Portunus pelagicus) is the USA, the highest destination country for mud crab (Scylla serrata) is Cina, and the highest destination countries for mantis shrimp (Squilla mantis) are Hongkong and Cina. Meanwhile, for imported crustaceans, snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) came from Japan, and American lobster (Homarus americanus) came from Canada and USA. The overfishing has not occurred as illustrated for fishing grounds in Indonesia. It indicated by the average of annual catch value which has not higher than MSY catch. Keywords: Crustacea, fish market, fishing ground, annual catch, sustainable

STUDY OF WATER QUALITY AND POLLUTION LEVEL AT KETAPANG BEACH, PESAWARAN REGENCY, LAMPUNG

Ketapang Beach, situated in Pesawaran Regency, Lampung, is a well-known tourist spot frequented by many visitors. The beach features a pier and a boat lane used for transporting tourists to nearby islands. Additionally, the surrounding area is home to residential communities and small-scale fish farming. Despite this activity, a comprehensive analysis of the beach’s water conditions had not been conducted previously, and there is limited information available on its water quality and pollution levels. Given the extensive human activity, it is crucial to monitor the water quality regularly, as these activities can significantly impact the ecosystem. This study collected data on several physical, chemical, and biological water parameters, such as temperature, total suspended solids (TSS), pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia, nitrite, orthophosphate, lead (Pb), and total coliform bacteria. These parameters were measured to evaluate the water quality using the Pollution Index (IP), with reference to the seawater quality standards for marine tourism and aquatic life. The findings revealed that several parameters—such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, ammonia, orthophosphate, and lead (Pb)—exceeded the recommended thresholds. Based on the Pollution Index assessment, the waters at Ketapang Beach were classified as moderately polluted.Keywords: Ammonia, pollution index, purposive sampling, water pollution

THE EFFECT OF LAMTORO LEAF FLOUR (Leucaena leucocephala) IN FEED ON THE GROWTH OF TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus)

Tilapia is favored for its rapid growth and adaptability to diverse aquatic environments, making it a widely cultivated fish. In fish farming activities, feed provides the largest contribution to the total production cost. So that farmers must use alternative feed to reduce feed costs. One alternative feed for tilapia that is easy to obtain, affordable and sustainably available is lamtoro leaves. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of adding lamtoro leaf flour to feed at different concentrations on the growth of tilapia (O. niloticus). The average weight of tilapia at the beginning of the study was 5,7 grams. This research was conducted for 40 days starting in May until June 2023, taking place in Kertayasa Village, Cijulang District, Pangandaran Regency. The method used in this research was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely treatment A: 100% commercial feed (control), treatment B: commercial feed + 5% lamtoro leaf flour, treatment C: commercial feed + 10% lamtoro leaf meal, and treatment D: commercial feed + 15% lamtoro leaf meal. Parameters observed included daily growth rate (SGR), absolute length growth, and water quality. The results indicated a significant effect (P<0.05) on the daily growth rate (SGR) by incorporating lamtoro leaf flour into the feed. The highest treatment, observed in treatment C at 50%/day, resulted in the maximum absolute length growth of 4.63 cm. The water quality parameters during the study were in the proper range for the life of tilapia (O. niloticus).  Providing lamtoro leaf flour in feed does not have a negative effect on growth and water quality. Keywords: Tilapia fish, lamtoro leaf meal, growth

THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL DOSES OF CURCUMA FLOUR (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) IN FEED ON THE GROWTH OF GOURAMY (Osphronemus gouramy) FRY

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum content of the addition of curcuma flour with different doses to the feed on the growth of gourami fry (Osphronemus gouramy). The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) experimental method, which consisted of 5 treatments with 3 replications. The treatment used was treatment (A) without giving curcuma flour (control), (B) giving curcuma flour at 2.5%/kg feed, (C) giving curcuma flour at 5%/kg feed, (D) giving curcuma flour ginger at 7.5%/kg feed, (E) giving curcuma flour at 10%/kg feed. The results of analysis of variance (Anova) showed that the addition of the flour at different doses had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth of gouramy fish fry. The results showed that the addition of curcuma flour at 7.5%/kg of feed gave the best results with the highest absolute weight growth of 15.11 ± 0,42 g, the highest absolute length growth of 3.92 ± 0,42 cm, the feed conversion ratio of 1.95 ± 0.11, and survival of 100%. Keywords: Gouramy fish, curcuma flour, growth, feed

ANALYSIS OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE UTILIZATION OF THREADFIN BREAM (Nemipterus sp.) LANDED AT LEMPASING FISHING PORT, BANDAR LAMPUNG

The waters of Lampung Bay have high potential resources for threadfin bream (Nemipterus sp.). This fish has significant economic value as a diverse food ingredient. However, currently, the body size of threadfin bream found tends to be uniform and even smaller due to continuous overfishing. The research was conducted to assess the status of utilization of threadfin bream resources in the waters of Lampung Bay based on five important aspects, namely ecology, economics, social, technological and institutional. The research was carried out in May 2023 at Lempasing Fishing Port, Bandar Lampung City, with data collection through observation and interviews. Data analysis used the multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) method using the Rapfish (rapid appraisal for fisheries) application to evaluate the sustainability of the use of threadfin bream. The results of the analysis show that the sustainability index value for the use of threadfin bream in the waters of Lampung Bay is as follows: ecological dimension 48.59; economic dimension 36.80; social dimension 75.00; technology dimension 49.91; and ethical dimension 61.64. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of threadfin bream in the waters of Lampung Bay is quite sustainable, with an average index value of 54.39.Keywords: Ecological dimension, multi-dimensional scaling, Rapfish, sustainability index

CONCENTRATION OF BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE IN DONAN RIVER CONTAMINATED WITH DOMESTIC WASTE

The distribution of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) in inland waters has not been widely studied, despite its known dangerous effects on organisms. This study was conducted to determine the concentration of BAC in the Donan River, Cilacap, which receives significant input from domestic waste, particularly from the food industry. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method to analyze the presence of BAC in the river, with sampling stations selected using the purposive sampling method to ensure comprehensive coverage. Samples were collected from five different stations along the Donan River, revealing BAC concentrations at station 1 ranging from 0.128 to 0.140 µg/l, station 2 from 0.213 to 0.237 µg/l, station 3 from 0.163 to 0.190 µg/l, station 4 from 0.176 to 0.210 µg/l, and station 5 from 0.240 to 0.247 µg/l. These findings indicate that the concentration of BAC in the Donan River is comparable to levels found in other rivers worldwide, where the presence of BAC has been documented. The study highlights the need for regular monitoring of BAC levels in inland waters, given its potential ecological impacts. The elevated levels of BAC, especially in areas receiving substantial domestic waste, suggest that the discharge from the food industry and other domestic sources significantly contributes to the contamination.  Keywords: domestic waste, ecology, micro pollutants, toxicology, water pollution

SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF SHEREDDED SPICED FISH FORMULATIONS WITH DIFFERENT PROCESSING TREATMENTS

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a type of fish cultivated by local people in Lake Ranau, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. Fish is easily damaged by chemical and microbiological processes, so proper handling and processing is needed to extend its shelf life. Shredded spiced fish is an innovative diversification of shredded fish product made from tilapia fish ori-ginating from Lake Ranau with added of multi-spices. Multi-spices are known to have high antioxidant content, so they can improve the quality and develop the taste of shredded spiced fish product.  The multi spices seasoning formulation and process stages greatly influence the characteristics of the shredded produced.  This research aims to study the formulation and processing treatment of the sensory characteristics of the best shredded spices fish. Determining the best formulation and processing treatment was determined using the sensory test method, namely a scoring test involving 30 panelists, then the data was processed using Microsoft Excel 2021. The result showed that the shredded spiced fish product with sample code 212 (without stir-frying) produced the best characteristics with a texture parameter value of 3.85; fragrance 4.05; colors 4.85; and tasted 4 with a total score of 16.75. Keywords: Multi spices, organoleptic, process stages, sheredded fish, tilapia

INTERACTION OF STOCKING DENSITY AND DIFFERENT PLANT TYPES IN CULTIVATING SANGKURIANG CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus var. Sangkuriang) AQUAPONIC TECHNOLOGY

This study investigated the impact of varying stocking densities and plant species interactions within an aquaponic framework. Conducted over a 45-day period (August-October 2023) at the Experimental Farm of Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi, the research utilized juvenile Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus var. Sangkuriang) as the focal organism. Employing a factorial design, with stocking densities 12, 20, and 28 fish per 40 liters of water and three distinct plant species (Ipomoea aquatica, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, and Lactuca sativa), the study aimed to elucidate optimal growth conditions. Key findings revealed that the stocking density of 12 fish per 40 liters of water, coupled with pakchoi plants, yielded the most significant growth enhancements. Specifically, this configuration demonstrated a specific growth rate of 6.66±0.7% and absolute weight growth of 14.06±1.0, along with a specific length growth rate of 2.10±0.6% and absolute length growth of 4.48±0.6%. Notably, water quality parameters remained within acceptable limits across all treatments, ensuring an environment conducive to catfish growth. In conclusion, this research underscores the critical role of stocking density and plant selection in optimizing aquaponic systems. The findings offer valuable insights into enhancing both fish and plant growth dynamics within integrated aquaponic frameworks. Keywords: Catfish farming, aquaponics, growth rate, survival rate

PURIFICATION OF KROSOK SALT (CRUDE SOLAR SALT) THROUGH RECRYSTALLIZATION METHOD WITH ADDITION OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF SLAKED LIME (Ca(OH2))

Purifying krosok salt (crude solar salt) is an essential step in the food and pharmaceutical industry to ensure product quality. One of the methods used for the purification of krosok salt in this study was recrystallization, involving the addition of slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) at various concentrations. Recrystallization entails dissolving salt crystals in water, followed by filtration to separate impurities from the clean salt solution. This purified salt solution is then heated to produce purer salt crystals. The aim of this study was to analyze the quality content of salt in the yielded pure salt. The significance of this research lies in its contribution of new knowledge regarding simple traditional salt processing methods, which can yield higher-quality salt with significant economic value. In this process, Ca(OH)2 was added at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.08%, and 0.06% to assess its effect on krosok salt purification. The research methodology employed experimental methods. The study's results indicated that the NaCl level test yielded an average value of 96.7% with a C concentration of 0.06%. The highest avera-ge value of 97.686% for the degree of whiteness was observed at a C concentration of 0.1%. Magnesium content averaged 0.07% at a C concentration of 0.06%, while calcium content averaged 0.058% at the same concentration. Keywords: Krosok salt, recrystallization, betel lime, salt quality

PHYSICAL FEASIBILITY OF HYDRO-OCEANOGRAPHY FOR MARINE CULTURE WITH FLOATING NET CAGES ON THE EAST COAST OF PANGANDARAN

This study aimed to analyze the physical feasibility of hydro-oceanography for marine culture business locations with floating net cages in the east coast area of Pangandaran, West Java. The method used in this study was a case study method with secondary data collected from satellite images and publication results. The results of this study showed that the location of the marine culture business with floating net cages on the east coast of Pangandaran is physically feasible for the cultivation of several commodities. Standard parameters for grouper culti-vation (Epinephelus sp.) are as follows: temperature 25-33 °C, salinity 20-35 ppt, pH 6.5-8.9, DO >4 mg/l, and ocean currents 10-75 cm/s. Standard parame-ters for lobster cultivation (Nephropi-dae) are conditionally: temperature 25-32 °C, salinity 25-37 ppt, pH 7.5-8.5, DO >4 mg/l, and ocean currents 5-100 cm/s. Standard aquatic parameters for barramundi cultivation (Lates calcarifer) are conditionally: temperature 26-32 °C, salinity 15-35 ppt, pH 7-8.5, DO >4 mg/l. Hydro-oceanographic parameter data from field measurements showed: temperature 27-30 °C, salinity 33-34 ppt, pH 7-8, DO 5.55-6.5 mg/l, and currents <100 cm/s. This means that hydro-oceanographic parameters for the marine culture on the East Coast of Pangandaran for lobster, grouper, and barramundi commodities are within the feasible category.  Keywords: Lobster culture, ocean data view, water qualty