FISHING TECHNOLOGY CONVERSION, DIFFERENTIATION, AND SOCIAL MOBILITY OF FISHERMAN IN LAGASA VILLAGE OF MUNA REGENCY

The modernization through the improvement, the application of technology of fishing utility, the funding support which affects on the activity and organization of fisherman and eventually causes the transformation in the society. The aim of this research was to analyze the impact of fishing technology conversion to social structure of Bajo tribe fisherman. The methods used to collect the primer and secondary data from informant were: completed questionnaire, deep interview with both informants and respondents, and live observation (participate observation). Analysis of data was performed descriptively which is concept development, collect the evidences but did not perform the hypothesis trial, and analyze the variable relationship for hypothesis testing by applying the quantitative and qualitative tabulation. The results of this research was the fishing technology conversion in fisherman society brings up many impacts on various aspects in fisherman’s life. The application of every type old technology affected on the consequences or impacts such as the work pattern, social structure, and the fisherman prosperity level. The relationship between the ponggawa as the owner of production utility and the sawi as the worker is not the exploitative characteristic, because both of them still apply the cultural values which help each other not only in teamwork but also in relationship pattern in their daily life. So that the characteristic of the relationship pattern is not exploitative and require each other. The difference does not show the polarization indication because the Bajo tradition to help each other is still applied

PHENOLOGICAL TRAITS OF MANGROVE Kandelia obovata GROWN IN MANKO WETLAND, OKINAWA ISLAND, JAPAN

Phenological traits of Kandelia obovata (S., L.) Yong was investigated on the basis of seasonal leaf recruit, leaf death and leaf growth. The seasonal leaf growth was estimated using the logistic growth curve. Leaf recruitment, leaf death and reproductive cycle were obtained by survey data. This study results showed that new leaf recruitment occurred during the year indicating high productivity of mangrove Kandelia obovata forest. The highest leaf recruit was in July, while it was the lowest in January. However, the highest leaf death was in August, whereas it was the lowest in January. Growth pattern of leaves varied among seasons as of winter leaves are taken longger time to get their maximum size, while other season leaves are taken short time to get their maximum size. Period from flowering to mature propagules of K. obovata trees is considered to be around 12 months, while most the propagules become mature in the next spring season (April and May), which indicated shorter reproduction cycle

THE AFFECTING FACTORS ON THE ROLES OF WOMEN IN THE HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOOD SUSTAINABILITY OF SEAWEED FARMER

AbstractThe construction and development of the maritime sector has placed maritme-economic as the basic of economic development in Indonesia is one of the priority of vision and mission that will be realized by The Government of Jokowi. Indonesia, The Maritime Country, holds the potential of huge natural resources, but in fact, it does not provide the better livehood for coastal communities, especially for the household of seaweed farmers in Ranooha Village, South Konawe Regency. The women in Bajo, as part of household systems, act in the income sustainability of households. The purpose of this research is to determine the affecting factor of the roles of women in the household income sustainability of seaweed farmers. This research was conducted at Ranooha Village, Moramo District, South Konawe Regency. The research method is quantitative. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square analysis tools. The population in this research is the seaweed farmers (households) in Ranooha Village distributing in 4 hamlets. Sample of Hamlets were selected purposively, in terms adapted on the purpose and the need of the research. The sampling technique was perfomed randomly by observing the existing level, which meant that every level of corresponds were represented proportionately. The number of samples in this research were 50 of homogeneous ethnic communities and 50 of heterogeneous ethnic communities. Those were expected to represent the number of the population members. The results showed that the affecting factors of the roles of women in the household livelihood sustainability were women characteristics, living systems, and actions of rasionality.Keywords : Roles, Women, Sustainability, Livelihood, Household, Farme

THE RISKS OF AREN SUGAR PROCESSING BUSINESS IN KOLAKA DISTRICT SOUTH EAST SULAWESI

AbstractBusiness of aren sugar processing intends to providing alternative sweetener source to fulfill sugar demand for community. Nonetheless, every business has a risk particularly agricultural product in general, including aren sugar processing business in which the raw resources were obtained from aren.The purpose of this research was to analyze the type and stage of risk related to aren sugar processing business in Kolaka District. Simple random sampling method was used to decide sample on this research. Quantitative descriptive analysis and coefficient of variance was used to analyze types and stages of risk in aren sugar processing business. The result of the research showed that there are six type risks on the extraction process, five type risks on aren cooking process, and one type risk on marketing. Risk types which have quantification value is analyzed for its risk stages, including raw material risk, production risk and price risk. Raw material risk had the highest stage of risk among other risks. Authority for endorsing continuity and development of aren sugar processing business was a based-risk development strategy, especially for raw material risk, as well as mentoring of production risk and marketing management.Keywords. risk, profit, aren sugar processing busines

ENVIRONMENT, GROWTH AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF SAGO PALM (Metroxylon sagu ROTTB.): A CASE STUDY FROM HALMAHERA, PAPUA AND KENDARI

We observed that physical and chemical properties of sago palm growing in three subdistricts of Southeast Sulawesi Province were different with sago growing area in Papua and North Maluku Provinces. Soil texture was loamy to silty loam, BD was 0.598 to 1.360 g/cm3 and water table was 20 to 150 cm depth. Soil pH was 5.21 to 6.34, available P, total N, and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg was low to very low. C-organic was variable from low to very high. Average of monthly rainfall was 56 to 79 mm month-1 in dry season to 200 to 450 mm month-1 in wet season, temperature was 15 to 34o C in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Agronomic characteristics indecated that there are three sago types was observed in Southeast Sulawesi Province, more the seven types of sago palm was observed in Sentani Papua Province and five types of sago palm was observed in Noth Maluku Province. The average of trunk fresh weight was 822 kg/palm on spiny type sago to 2093 kg/palm on nonspiny type sago. Plant age of sago palm at harvest time was 6.40 years after trunk form on spiny type sago and 9.75 year after trunk form on nonspiny type sago. We concluded that the diversity and biomass potential of sago palm grown in Sentani Papua Province was higher than sago palm grown in Maba North Maluku and Southeast Sulawesi Provinces. Key-Words : Agronomic characteristics, Chlorophyll content, Sago palm, Soil properties, Genetic diversit

Affirmation of the Trade Performance between Islands as Shield of Indonesia Confront MEA

AbstractIndonesia is a maritime country with many unutilize resources but high in experiences in the world trade pass through ocean. However, in this era, the ocean and the fishery sector of Indonesia confront the new challenge called Asian Economy Society (MEA). The Policy of accelerating the Ocean and the fishery industrialization is one of the strategic step to face MEA. It must be sinergistic with the increase of the trade performance between islands. The increase of the trade performance between islands could be done by constructing new harbor through the approachment of “Tol Laut” and the change of consumer behavior. It will affect in : (1) The increase of market share in the ocean and the fishery comodity in Global Market ; (2) The Acceleration of the Ocean and the fishery industrialization ; (3) The increase of value of the ocean and the fishery comodity ; (4) The increase of The state’s income ; (5) The increase of fhiserman and fish farmer prosperity ; (6) The Defense of The Unity of the Republic of Indonesia.Key Word : MEA, trade between Islands, performance, Industrializatio

CONTRIBUTION OF MICRO BUSINESS WOMEN TO THEIR FAMILIES IN SOUTHEAST SULAWESI COASTAL AREA

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of micro businesses women (MBW) to their business and families. This research was conducted in five districts / cities were determined purposively with consideration of its regional characteristics and business community that generally involved in fisheries subsector. Those five districts are West Muna, South Konawe, Kolaka, Baubau city, and Kendari city. MBW contribution to their business then analyzed using descriptive analysis. MBW contribution to their business also studied by using the amount of working time devoted by MBW in managing and running their business every day approach. Besides that, their contribution also seen by the amount of the capital invested to the business from the revenue. MBW contribution to the families analyzed using MBW revenue contribution to total household income.MBW has a major contribution to the business of the MBW family itself. It can be seen from the amount their working time, that most of MBW routinely do business every day, and only small fraction of MBW that don’t do it daily,with working hours reached 6.35 hours per day and to take care of the household ie 4, 13 hours per day, business activity of MBW is highly dependent on the availability of raw materials such as fresh fish and processed fish, including the availability of capital venture. Related to venture capital factors, there are still few of MBW that have financial capital less than 1 million, but in a big scale there are MBW who have financial capital more than 20 million.Keywords: Women Contribution; Micro business; coastal Area

ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF INLAND FISHERY IN THE DISTRICT OF EAST KOLAKA

ABSTRACTThe existence of Fishery Potential resources in the county of East Kolaka is a comparatif advantage that will be valuable if it is supported by analysis of potency about inland fishery development according to the area characteristics. The objectives of this research are to analyze the strategies and potencies of inland fishery in East Kolaka. The research location was focused on the center of inland fishery development in all districts areas. The method of data analyses were consist of qualitative, quantitative and spatial analyses. From the result of this research, it can be concluded that: (a) The district of Ladongi and Mowewe are considerably accepted as the center of fish breeding, (b) the center of fish maturation in the development of inland fishery is divided into five subclusters, (ponds, rawa, bendungan/waduk, river and persawahan, (c) the center of inland fish pocessing consists of two subclusters which are cullinary and fishery product diversivication.Keywords: potency, development, inland fishery

LOCAL WISDOM OF FARMERS IN MEETING OF LOCAL FOOD

Abstract.The objective of this study were to describe types and form of local wisdom in meeting of local food and its implementation compare with the condition of 30 years ago. Populations of this study were farmers who have farming experience more than 30 years. Qualitative analysis was be used in this study. The study results showed that there were some types of farmer’s local wisdoms, consist of land opening, land preparing, cultivation, harvesting, and processing of farm products. Types of local wisdom such as agriculture systems, and ritual ceremonies. An agriculture system in land preparing was slash and burn system, in the procedure of planting and maintenance of plants in the form of a system of rotation and intercropping, while the processing of agricultural product is done by prescription obtained hereditary. Ritual ceremonial among others; Kasalasa, Kaago-ago, and Kasambuwite. Local wisdom that are still maintained in land preparing by slash and burn system, in cultivation with rotation and intercropping system, and in processing of agricultural product into comestible durable. Traditional rituals began experiencing fading due to the times and increased demands of life.Keyword: local wisdom, farmers, local foo

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERFORMANCE AND BENEFITS OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE TOWARD FARMERS’ ECONOMY AND BEHAVIOUR IN THE DISTRICT OF KOLAKA

This study aimed to determine: (1) an analysis of the cooperative’s performance based on the  agricultural  criteria  in  the district  of Kolaka, according to  the guidelines  on cooperative fostering and  cooperative  classification;  (2)  the performance of  the cooperative  as perceived by  farmers  and  cooperatives management;  (3) determine  the benefits gained by farmers as members of cooperatives; (4) an analysis of the relationship between performance and the benefits obtained by farmers as a cooperative member. The results showed that,  based on the  Guidelines  for  Cooperatives  Classification,  the performance of agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka in 2007 was on the average of 61.58 and fell within the “quite well” category. In 2008 the average performance of 62.05 and cooperatives are included in the category quite well. In2009, the average performance of the cooperatives was  62.38, remaining in the same  category.  In 2010  the  average performance was 61.28, also staying  in the category of “quite well”. Furthermore,  the management of cooperatives as well as the majority of stakeholders considered that the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka met the criteria of “quite well”, as many as 48.75%. The majority of  respondents  (65%) considered the agricultural cooperatives  in Kolaka helpful.  Based on  SEM  analysis,  the relationship  of  the agricultural  cooperative performance was found  to be positively correlated  to the benefits obtained by farmers. Standardized  coefficient  value  of 0.85  has a value  of  14.40t statistic.  Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 indicates that the performance and benefits of the cooperative have  a real  relationship  closeness.  Sequentially  the  components  of  performance  that contribute  from  the  largest to  the smallest are, firstly, the concern for the community, which is equal to0.86. The component of voluntary and open membership component is 0.80.  The component of  democratic  control  by members  is 0.79.  The component of economic participation of member is 0.71. And the component of education and training is  0.25.  Regarding the  components of  the  cooperative  benefits,  the components that contributes  sequentially,  from  the  largest to  the smallest, are  the economic benefits of marketing,  that is equal to 0.96;the benefits of a large savings and loan with 0.88;  the economic benefits of farmers needs 0.86; and social benefits 0.48