Inventarisasi Tumbuhan yang Berpotensi Penghasil Minyak Atsiri dari Famili Lamiaceae di Sumatera Barat Berbasis Spesimen Herbarium

Lamiaceae is an important plant family that inhabits various ecosystems and has great diversity, is considered a cosmopolitan plant and has an important role in pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences because of its essential oil content in almost every species. This research was focused on identify plant species from the Lamiacecae family that potential as essential oil producer in West Sumatra with their distribution based on ANDA Herbarium specimens. Data was collected use the herbarium method and literature study to determine the potential of each species. The results showed in the ANDA Herbarium were 45 species from 20 genera, which dominated by species that have the potential to produce essential oils as many as 23 species, followed by species that had not explore for their essential oil content as 11 species and commercial species,  9 species. Species from most Lamiaceae family were potentially as essential oil producer found in Padang city administrative area. Keywords: Cosmopolitan, genera, commercial, distribution, potentia

Perbedaan Keanekaragaman Jenis Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Pada Dua Tipe Habitat di Taman Wisata Alam Lembah Harau

A total of 11 species belonging to 10 genera, 3 subfamilies with a total of 133 individual litter ants were collected at the Lembah Harau Nature Tourism Park. The results showed that the ecosystem of the Lembah Harau Natural Tourism Park tends to be stable. This is indicated by the index of ant diversity in the natural habitat of 0.98 which is low, while in the disturbed habitat it is 1.83, which is classified as moderate. as well as the dominance index in natural and disturbed habitats, namely 0.56 and 0.18 so that it can be concluded that no species dominates in these two habitat

Ekspolarasi dan Karakterisasi Morfologi Jamur Makroskopis di Kawasan Hutan Adat Bukit Selebu, Kabupaten Merangin beserta Klasifikasi Potensinya Menggunakan K-Nearest Neighbors

Fungi are one of Indonesia's potential natural resources which contain various benefits for human life. The existence of macroscopic fungi is not yet well known so that little information about the types and their benefits is known to local people. In fact, information about species of fungi is very important because fungi have economic value and are producers for the food and pharmaceutical sectors. Populations of macroscopic fungi can disappear due to climate change and environmental factors, therefore, it is necessary to collect data on the species of macroscopic fungi. One way to detect the species of fungus is to classify it based on the morphological characteristics of the fungus with K-Nearest Neighbor. The aim of this research is to explore and identify the morphological characteristics of fungi using K-Nearest Neighbor as a classifier found in the Bukit Selebu traditional forest area, Merangin Regency. It is hoped that the results of this research can be the first step in efforts to utilize fungi through further research. This research was carried out in the Bukit Selebu traditional forest area, Merangin Regency and identification continued at the Biology Laboratory of Merangin University. Then the data on the species of fungi found were analyzed using k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN). The results of this research are that there are 27 species of fungi found in the Bukit Selebu traditional forest area, Merangin Regency, consisting of 3 species of Ascomycota divisions and 24 species of Basidiomycota divisions. The K-Nearest Neighbor method is very good in classifying fungi through the extraction of morphological characteristics with the highest accuracy reaching 93%

GENETIC VARIATIONS OF TWO Anguilla SPECIES IN THE WEST COAST OF WEST SUMATRA AND MENTAWAI USING RAPD

Research on the genetic variation of Anguilla spp. in the waters of the West Coast of West Sumatra was carried out from February to June 2022. This study used the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) method. In this study, two Anguilla species were found, namely A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor. The highest heterozygosity value of A. marmorata in the Tarusan River was 0,2018, and A. bicolor bicolor in Mentawai was 0,2340. The values of gene flow (Nm) in A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor were 0.7592 and 1.6318. The values of genetic differentiation (GST) in A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor were 0.3971 and 0.2345, respectively. This shows that the value of genetic variation of A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor in several rivers on the west coast of West Sumatra is low

Keanekaragaman Crustacea Ordo Decapoda Di Kawasan Mangrove Pangkal Babu Desa Tungkal 1, Tanjung Jabung Barat

Mangrove area is a type of ecosystem with unique characteristics. Mangrove ecosystems are located in brackish waters which are a meeting place between land and sea. Mangroves have an ecological function as a habitat for various types of fauna. In addition, many mangrove areas have been developed as ecotourism areas which have impacts on the environment such as the risk of damage to existing natural resources and the survival of one of the fauna that makes up the mangrove ecosystem, namely Crustaceans. The purpose of this study was to identify the diversity of Crustaceans of the Decapoda Order in the mangrove area of Tungkal 1 Village, Tanjung Jabung Barat. This research method is descriptive quantitative. Sampling was carried out exploratively using purposive sampling technique. Sampling was carried out at three stations using four types of fishing gear, namely spread nets, gill nets, sondong and togok carried out 3 repetitions on different days. The research results obtained found 15 species from 8 families including 10 species of shrimp and 5 species of crabs. The diversity index obtained as a whole is in the medium category and dominance index at each station is included in the low category

Analisis Vegetasi Tegakan Pohon Di Kawasan Hutan Kota Bukit Langkisau Painan, Pesisir Selatan

Urban forest management must adapt to urban development and aspects of urban life so that the availability and management of key lands in the development of urban forests and the presence of vegetation as the driving element, one of which is trees. This study aims to determine the composition and structure of tree stands in the Bukit Langkisau Painan City Forest, Pesisir Selatan. The method used was purposive sampling with a plot size of 20 m x 60 m with a sub plot of 10 x 10 m for level 12 plots of trees each. It was found that the vegetation composition of tree stands were 10 families, 12 genera, 13 species, and 27 individuals with the dominant family Myrtaceae and the co-dominant families Meliaceae, and sapindaceae. The highest significance value was found in Syzygium racemosum with a value of 43.399 % and the lowest significance index was found in the species Xerospermum noronhianum with 9.298 %. The diversity index (H') is 2,439 which indicates that species diversity classified to moderate. Keyword: bukit langkisau, composition, structure, urban fores

Inventarisasi Jenis Cyperaceae di Sumatera Barat Berbasis Spesimen di Herbarium Andalas (ANDA)

Famili Cyperaceae merupakan famili terbesar ketiga dari kelas monokotil. Jenis-jenis dari famili ini bersifat kosmopolit yang dapat ditemukan dimana saja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Cyperaceae yang terdapat di Sumatera Barat dan distribusi jenis-jenis Cyperaceae di Sumatera Barat. Metode pengambilan data mengikuti metode herbarium dan data diperoleh berbasis spesimen Herbarium ANDA yang telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga bulan Juli 2021. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan 76 spesies dari 20 genus dalam 2 subfamili. Cyperus procerus merupakan jenis new occurrence untuk wilayah Sumatera, sedangkan Cyperus sphacelatus, Eleocharis pellucida, Fimbristylis fusca, Mapania sumatrana, Pycreus pumilus dan Scleria lithosperma new occurrence untuk wilayah Sumatera Barat. Secara administratif pada tingkat kabupaten dan kota, jenis yang paling tinggi ditemukan di Kota Padang dan paling sedikit dari Kota Solok dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai. Cyperus cyperoides merupakan jenis yang paling umum atau dominan ditemukan di daerah-daerah yang ada di Sumatera Barat. Secara altitudinal jenis Cyperaceae paling banyak ditemukan di zona low elevation hills dan paling sedikit ditemukan pada zona pegunungan atas atau puncak gunung (tropical uppermontane and subalpine)

Keanekaragaman Vegetasi Pada Habitat Yang Terinvasi Tumbuhan Invasif Di Hutan Kota Bukit Langkisau Painan, Sumatra Barat

The presence of invasive plants in a habitat will cause significant disturbances, especially in decreasing the abundance of biodiversity. The high competitiveness of invasive species causes native species to lose in competition. Invasive species have spread in many places, one of which is in the Bukit Langkisau City Forest. However, data on the types of weeds and vegetation types in the habitats invaded by weeds in the Bukit Langkisau City Forest are not yet available. Vegetation analysis was carried out in the Bukit Langkisau Painan City Forest, West Sumatra. The study used a survey method by laying out plots by purposive sampling, which made 15 plots at each level of vegetation. The plot is 10 x 10 m for observation of tree-level vegetation, the plot is 5 x 5 m for sapling vegetation and for understorey vegetation the plot is 2 x 2 m. The results of the vegetation analysis recorded 87 species of which there were 32 invasive species. The dominant families were found such as Fabaceae family, Meliaceae for tree level, Piperaceae for sapling level and Poaceae for understorey level. The highest Importance Value Index for tree vegetation, sapling and understorey was found in the invasive species Swietenia macrophylla (IVI = 44.69%), Piper aduncum (IVI = 85.08%), and Imperata cylindrica (IVI = 33.67%). The Vegetation Diversity Index in the Bukit Langkisau City Forest is the tree level (1.90), sapling (1.26) and understorey (1.78) which are all classified as moderate. KEYWORDSPlant invasive, urban forest, composition, structure, diversity inde

Agensi Hayati Jamur Endofit Daun dan Batang Apel Timor

 ABSTRACTThis study discusses the antimicrobial potential and biological agents of the endophytic fungi on the leaves and stems of Timor apples. Apple plants have been developed in Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) Regency; however, they slowly stop producing and even die due to disease. Disease control can be done through biological agents with endophytic fungi. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity and biological agency of endophytic fungi found in the stems and leaves of the Timor apple plant. This study uses a laboratory experiment method by testing the antimicrobial activity of the isolated endophytic fungi with the well method against E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacteria and C. albicans fungi. Biological agency against pathogenic fungi was tested using antagonist test. The inhibition and antagonist zone data were analyzed descriptively. The study results show that there were three isolates of endophytic fungi, namely IH isolate (black isolate) of Aspergillus sp., IA isolate (bluish green isolate) of Aspergillus sp., and IP isolate (white isolate) of Fusarium sp. Endophytic fungal isolates were found to have activity in inhibiting the growth of the test microbes, with the average inhibition zone of IH of Aspergillus sp. against C. albicans was 15.6 mm, IP of Fusarium sp against P. aeruginosa was 15.9 mm, and IA of Aspergilus sp against E.coli was 11.2 mm. The compound test shows that the endophytic fungal isolates contained alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. Meanwhile, the antagonist test shows that endophytic fungi were able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi with the growth area coveredthe pathogenic fungus and the widest area was Aspergillus sp.Keywords: antimicrobial, biological agents, endophytic fungi, stems and leaves of Timor apple

Local Community Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Butterflies and Ecotourism in West Sumatera

One of the most biodiverse nations in the world, Indonesia is home to a wide variety of butterflies as well as other animals and plants. Butterflies play a significant role in the ecosystem, both in the pollination process and in the process of detecting environmental changes in the ecosystem. One alternate strategy for preserving biodiversity and natural resources while boosting a nation's economy is ecotourism. This study aims to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of local communities in West Sumatera regarding with butterflies and ecotourism. The study was conducted from February to March, 2023 by using two-page questionnaire developed to collect social information regarding with ecotourism and butterflies through in-depth interview with respondents who was currently living in West Sumatra. A total of 30 respondents (15 Male, 15 female) from various background were questioned. According to the survey’s findings, the majority of the population (93%) was passionate about protecting biodiversity and has extensive understanding of ecotourism and butterflies. Additionally, the majority of respondents (93%) mentioned that they would love to join Butterfly Watching Program. The respondents indicated that West Sumatera has a lot of ecotourism destinations. To draw visitors, a more sophisticated ecotourism program centered on beautiful wildlife and flora should be established