VEGETASI TAMAN URBAN SEBAGAI PENYEDIA PAKAN BAGI BEBERAPA TROPHIC GUILD BURUNG HERBIVORA: STUDI TAMAN LAPANGAN BANTENG, JAKARTA PUSAT

Vegetal food is the most important resource for herbivores. The study of food consumed by bird community in Indonesia, especially in urban environments is needed to provide an overview of the ability of City Parks to support bird communities. The aim was to determine the urban park vegetation in the Lapangan Banteng park as a potential food source for urban birds, especially frugivores, nectarivores and granivores. The study was conducted in September until December 2018 . Data were analyzed using Rstudio and ImageJ. The results showed that there were 7 species of birds consisting: four species of granivores (Passer montanus, Streptopelia chinensis, Lonchura punctulata, and Pycnonotus aurigaster) and three species of frugivores (Psittacula alexandri, Dicaeum trochileum, Treron vernans) which were observed to use plants as food resource Lapangan Banteng park. Birds used 30% of trees (Syzygium polyanthum, Melaleuca leucadendra, Ficus benjamina) and 70% of herbaceous ground cover (Arachis pintoi., Phoenix sp., Pennisetum purpureum, Axonopus compressus, Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, and Eleusine indica). The availability of sufficient natural food in nature will have an impact on both bird conservation and the environment. The availability of natural food will improve bird conservation and ensure the sustainability of urban biodiversity

ANALISIS MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK DAN UJI Salmonella sp. PADA IKAN CAKALANG ASAP DI PASAR REMU, KOTA SORONG

Smoked skipjack is a type of product that is sold in many markets in Indonesia, including at Remu Market, Sorong City. However, the quality and safety of smoked skipjack tuna is a matter that needs to be considered by the public as consumers. The research method used was a descriptive study by observing the organoleptic quality of smoked skipjack tuna and detection on Salmonella sp..The results of this study showed that the organoleptic quality value of the appearance of the P sample of smoked skipjack tuna at the Remu market, Sorong city had the highest value of 8.87, then the highest odor test was 8.73, the taste value was 8.93, and the value of the texture was 8.40. However, the value of mushrooms and slime from the three samples showed the same value (9.0) which indicates that there was no fungus and slime in the smoked skipjack tuna observed. The results of the detection test Salmonella sp. showed that the P sample was safe from contamination by Salmonella sp. compared to sample R and sample Q

STUDI ANATOMI TANAMAN KOMAK KEDIT (Phaseolus lunatus L.) LOKAL DI PULAU LOMBOK

Plant anatomy is one of the important basic data to reveal the potential of a plant. Anatomical data provide an overview of the internal structure of the plant body. This structure is influenced by the environment, the same thing is also likely to occur in Komak kedit plants which are widely planted on Lombok Island. Komak kedit (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is a species of legume (Fabaceae) originating from Central America. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences or variations in the anatomical structure of the Komak kedit (P. lunatus) on Lombok Island. Data analysis in this research was descriptive qualitative and triangulation. The results showed that the anatomical structure of the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds of the Komak kedit plant on Lombok Island had similar structure, such as epidermis, cortex, and stele. However, in this study, there were more differences in the number of stomata on leaves in West Lombok compared to East Lombok, Central Lombok, North Lombok, and Mataram. This was caused by differences in the environment where the plants were planted, such as water content

PENGARUH BEBERAPA TIPE PENGENDALIAN GULMA PADA PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR VEGETASI TUMBUHAN BAWAH DI PERKEBUNAN JABON (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser.)

Jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Boser.) is commonly planted for many purposes, such as furniture, raw material for industries, and land rehabilitations. Eventhough this tree has no significant pests and diseases, weed control treatments are required. Many weed control treatments are known to affect vegetation structure of weed. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of weed control treatments to the vegetation structure of weed under Jabon plantation. This study was conducted in Kecamatan Tanah Putih Tanjung Melawan, Kabupaten Rokan Hilir, Riau Province in 2012. Non Factorial Randomized Group Design with five replications was applied to perform the study. There were four treatments (glyphosate, paraquat, mixture of glyphosate and paraquat, and legume cover crop/LCC) and control. The results revealed that glyphosate and paraquat had the highest value in surpressing the weed growth as much as 34,45% and 31,11% (P>0.05) after one month application. Yet, after three months, LCC was significantly surpressed the number of weed (49,44%) (P<0.05) compared to other treatments. Among all weed species, Blumea sp. was the dominant species after one month of glyphosate and paraquat application. Nevertheless, application of glyphosate-paraquat mixture and LCC resulted Ottochloa nodosa as the dominant species after one month application

BAKTERIOFAG DAN APLIKASI DALAM MENGENDALIKAN BAKTERI PATOGEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAMANAN PANGAN

Food safety and sustainable food production is an essential parts of the sustainable development goals of protecting the health and well-being of humans, animals, and the environment. Foodborne diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly with the global crisis of antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophages as a biocontrol are a promising alternative for reducing contamination from pathogenic bacteria in food such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacteriophages are natural predators of bacteria that are harmless to humans and animals and are found in various environments, thus have been recognized as promising antimicrobial agents to help control specific bacterial pathogens in food production. Several bacteriophages have been applied in food to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria. The results of this application show the efficacy of bacteriophages as biopreservation agents against foodborne pathogenic bacteria

ANALISIS POLA PENYEBARAN POPULASI HEWAN PERAIRAN DI KAWASAN PESISIR PANTAI JUMIANG

Jumiang Beach is one of the beaches on the southern coast of Pamekasan Regency, Madura. Jumiang Beach is one of the tourist destinations in the Pamekasan area with varying levels of diversity of aquatic living things. Through this ecological research, we present the pattern of population distribution in the current Jumiang Coast region with the aim of providing information related to the diversity of living things that exist in the region. The pattern of distribution is described as the condition/condition of living creatures in the region whether or not good enough in its development or that causes the level of diversity has decreased. The method used in the form of descriptive and quadrant methods by applying misneting techniques in the form of exploratory which produces data patterns of population distribution in the form of index morisita. The results of the study stated that the pattern of population distribution in the Jumiang Coast region was classified as a group with a morisita index value of more than one

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN DAN TERUMBU KARANG PULAU TUNDA, KABUPATEN SERANG, BANTEN

Tunda Island is one of the leading marine destinations in Banten Province which has high potential biodiversity. This study aimed to determine the health condition of the Tunda Island coral reef ecosystem. The method used in this study was Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method for coral reef and Belt Transect method for reef fish. Based on coral reef survey, the percentage of coral coverage on Tunda Island was 34.7%. From this value the coral reefs of Tunda Island were included in the sufficient category. The results of a survey of fish showed that there were 57 species from 17 families, which is dominated from Pomacentridae. The diversity index value (H ') of reef fish was 3.143, which showed that the diversity of reef fish around Tunda Island was high, and the uniformity index value (e) was 0.777, which showed that in Tunda Island waters the spread of fish species was stable

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI WILAYAH TAMAN KOTA SPATODEA DAN TABEBUYA, JAKARTA SELATAN

Urban parks in South Jakarta are the main component of green open spaces which act as habitat for birds in the cities. Aim of this study was to determine the diversity of bird species around the South Jakarta City Park. The research was conducted in October-November 2021 in the city parks of Spatodea and Tabebuya, South Jakarta. Bird data collection used the point count method, while plant data collection used an inventory system. Results showed that the Tabebuya Park location had 9 species of birds from 8 different families, while in Spatodea Park there were 8 bird species found. The Tabebuya City Park was found to have medium species diversity index value, medium evenness index value and low dominance value index. Spatodea city park had a low value index of species diversity, low evenness value index, and low dominance value index. The highest number of bird species obtained was 7 species in total. The results showed that the urban park area in South Jakarta had low to moderate range of bird species diversity. This could happen because birds in urban landscapes tended to be more sensitive to the presence of certain stratification of vegetation, especially tree stratification

ISOLASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine bulbosa) DAN UJI ANTAGONISME TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotic resistance is one of the main challenges faced by the health world today. Therefore, various efforts are being made to find new alternative antibiotics from various sources. Endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants are thought to have an antibacterial activity that can potentially inhibit pathogenic bacteria growth. This study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from the Dayak onion plant and determine their potential to inhibit the growth of two pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Bacterial isolation was carried out using the surface sterilization method and grown on nutrient agar media. The endophytic bacteria isolates obtained were then characterized macroscopically and microscopically. The agar plug diffusion method carried out the antagonism test against pathogenic bacteria. The result showed that 40 isolates of endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from the Dayak onion plant's leaves, bulbs, and roots. Based on the antagonism test, 3 isolates were able to inhibit E.coli while 8 isolates were able to inhibit S. aureus. Three isolates (CED3, CED4, and CEU6) were able to inhibit both pathogenic bacteria, and the highest activity was shown by CED3 isolates

DISTRIBUSI KAWASAN MANGROVE DI PULAU POTO KABUPATEN BINTAN MELALUI PENGINDERAAN JAUH

Mangrove is a unique vegetation type growing along the coastline and estuarine in tropical and subtropical countries. Mangroves in Indonesia are distributed in all major islands and small islands from Aceh on westside stretched to Papua on the east. This study is to monitor the mangrove area in Poto island a small island part of Kabupaten Bintan, Province of Riau Kepulauan. The difference in spatial resolution of remote sensing data Sentinel 2A and Pleiades were used to classify the land use including the mangrove area. The supervised classification by maximum likelihood classification showed the high-resolution image using Pleiades has higher accuracy for mangroves 81.99% and overall accuracy 90% (kappa 0.86) compared to Sentinel 2A for mangrove 72,34% and overall accuracy 80% (kappa 0.73). The mangrove area approximately 257 ha is strip-lining along the coastline with the largest mangrove area located on the southside of the island. Further research is to identify the mangroves’ formation and the serial condition of mangroves on the different times