Application of magnetic resonance imaging in CO2 storage systems: a review.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques are increasingly being recognized as indispensable tools in advancing the study of carbon dioxide (CO₂) storage and enhanced oil recovery (EOR). MRI enables non-invasive, high-resolution imaging of fluid distributions and interactions within porous media, offering valuable insights into two-phase flow dynamics. This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of recent advancements in the application of MRI for visualizing and quantifying multiphase flow behaviour, pore structure characteristics, wettability alterations, capillary trapping phenomena, CO2 leakage assessment, and hydrate dynamics in porous media. The paper critically analyzes experimental methodologies such as core flooding systems and advanced imaging sequences like low-field and high-field NMR techniques, highlighting their advantages and current limitations in simulating field-relevant reservoir conditions. It also explores recent innovations, including diffusion-weighted imaging and low-field MRI adaptations, which are expanding the scope of MRI applications in geosciences. Comparative assessments of relevant studies reveal how MRI-derived data support real-time visualization of fluid distributions, saturation changes, and pore-scale interactions across multi-phase systems such as CO₂–brine–oil. Despite their promising role, MRI techniques face challenges related to scale-up, resolution constraints in heterogeneous rock samples, and operational complexity under reservoir pressures. To overcome these, the review emphasizes future directions such as integrating machine learning for data interpretation, scaling up MRI systems with lab measurements for field deployment, and incorporating experimental insights into predictive reservoir models. This work contributes to the ongoing development of accurate monitoring and verification tools essential for the success of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) initiatives

Developments in public health paramedicine: exploring the professional practice of ambulance clinicians in palliative and end-of-life care in a remote and rural setting.

Professional practice in paramedicine is evolving rapidly, and with this evolution comes a growing ability - and responsibility - for paramedics to contribute to public health. Palliative and end-of-life care (PEOLC) public health is one such area where paramedicine has begun to contribute substantially and might still have significant untapped potential.This article explores developments in PEOLC paramedicine in the Scottish Highlands, an area classified as remote and rural, characterised by low population density, widely spaced communities and susceptibility to health inequalities created by access to healthcare, especially to specialist services. The role of paramedicine in PEOLC is examined in the context of public health priorities and policy, while considering the ability of paramedics to reduce health inequalities by widening access. An informal literature search was conducted to identify interventions through which paramedicine can make improvements to the experience of death and dying on a population level, and lead to substantial healthcare cost savings. These interventions range from reducing PEOLC hospital admissions through effective use of advance care planning, just-in-case medications and independent prescribing and local referral pathways, to effectively managing palliative emergencies amenable to treatment in hospital. Paramedicine could thus play a significant role in making policy ambitions in PEOLC a reality, and conversely, achieving PEOLC policy ambitions might be difficult without support from paramedicine. Paramedics play a growing role in community healthcare provision, especially in remote and rural settings, by providing a link between care provided in the community and specialist services. Better integration of paramedicine into primary and secondary healthcare systems could facilitate turning more PEOLC public health theory into practice. The information collated in this discussion reinforces the need to reflect this potential in research funding allocation, in social and government policy development and in clinical practice decisions made by each individual paramedic. [Abstract copyright: © 2025 The Author(s).

Members in good standing? The relationship between pornography reboot communities and the manosphere.

Historically, feminist discourses around pornography have focused on its uncritical replication of misogynistic tropes/attitudes. Ironically, discourse analysis suggests that these values are also rife in the male-dominated anti-pornography communities that academics are increasingly classifying as a constituent part of the manosphere. In these groups, members chart their progress in abstaining from the supposedly addictive cycle of viewing/masturbating to pornography to "reboot" their brains and take back control of their lives. At the time of writing, the largest outlet, r/NoFap, boasts 1.2 million members, though there are several notable competitors. While the challenge may sound like yet another internet curiosity, research shows that members and content creators share fundamental manosphere values. Most obviously, like with other groups in the ecosystem, reboot communities are homosocial, normalising a boys club mentality that stems from allegedly fundamental biological/libidinal differences between men and women. They also construct their identities around an inflexible sexual market that positions men as entrepreneurs competing for a limited resource: women's sexual interest. In contrast to incels, who see themselves as unable to compete, rebooters position members as prospective marketplace winners who can reconnect with an innate male power through discipline and self-mastery. I review literature showing how reboot discourses support popular manosphere tenets, including i) The battle for masculinity: the conspiratorial view that pornography is a feminist tool designed to subvert hegemonic masculinity and weaken men; ii) A natural hierarchy of men: the operationalization of competitive masculinity to rank men from alpha to beta; iii) The instrumentalization of women: the gamification of sexual encounters into rewards for worthy men rather than mutually enjoyable experiences. I finish with a discussion about motivation variance in reboot communities, focussing on competing narratives surrounding the impact of pornography on men that vary in their compatibility with the manosphere. Among other topics, I reflect on cross-cultural narratives surrounding the significance of abstinence and harmful beliefs surrounding erectile dysfunction

Embedding study skills in higher education.

Academics and practitioners in sport and exercise science higher education face challenges in producing graduates proficient in real-world employment skills and ensuring students have the necessary academic and scientific rigor. With a broader range of qualifications entering university courses, universities must ensure continuity and address students lacking study skills, which negatively impact their learning potential

Evidence synthesis methodology for questions relating to barriers and enablers in health care: a scoping review.

The objective of this scoping review was to map the range of methodologies and methods used to undertake evidence synthesis aimed at determining barriers and/or enablers in health care and to inform further research relevant to synthesis methodology in this area. Questions related to identifying and exploring barriers and/or enablers within healthcare are becoming increasingly popular. Currently, there are multiple approaches to synthesizing this evidence and it is unclear if a more consistent approach is warranted. Evidence synthesis on barriers and/or enablers (facilitators) that included interest holders at different levels of the health system were considered. Evidence synthesis projects had to include primary research studies and were published from 2010 to 2021. Literature reviews, narrative reviews and umbrella reviews were excluded as were reviews published in languages other than English. This scoping review followed JBI methodology and was based on a published a priori protocol and reported in line with PRISMA-ScR. A three-step search strategy using a combination of key terms and index headings was undertaken in October 2021 via the following databases/resources: PubMed (NLM), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, JBI Evidence Synthesis, and EPPI-Centre Systematic Reviews. An extensive piloting process for screening and selection, and data extraction was undertaken due to the large number of reviewers involved. All records were screened independently by two reviewers and any disagreements were resolved through either a third reviewer or discussion with a panel of reviewers. Extraction was undertaken using a customized form and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Data is presented via tables, figures, word clouds and infographics and supplemented with a narrative synthesis. Following completion of the search, 22308 records were screened and 782 review were included in the scoping review. Systematic reviews were the most frequently used methodology [68%] to synthesize barrier and/or enabler question/s. Reviews commonly included diverse types of evidence and involved an assessment of methodological quality [70%]. Findings related to barriers and/or enablers were usually grouped and organized into categories, often by thematic methods [33%] or a narrative approach [21%]. Incongruencies related to nomenclature, missing information and methods used were evident across the large data set. A variety of methodological approaches are being followed to undertake reviews focused on barriers and/or enablers in health care. The current state of the literature indicates most authors answer these questions via the conduct of a systematic review and include diverse types of evidence. Further work is needed to determine whether authors are unclear when deciding on methodology and whether guidance is required

Gen AI and the HE classroom: the good, the bad, the ugly.

This talk focuses on the implications of using Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI) in the higher education classroom setting – the opportunities, challenges, and areas for caution in terms of its environmental costs. It seeks to raise awareness of the significant energy consumption, water utilisation and ethical dilemma with raw material extraction for graphic processing units

Hit or miss? Gender parity and the future of international humanitarian law (IHL).

International humanitarian law has long been heralded as a safeguard for civilians in armed conflict, yet its gendered assumptions and application remain deeply contested. While legal frameworks such as the Geneva Conventions, Additional Protocols, and UN Security Council Resolution 1325 recognise the need for gender-sensitive protections, they often reinforce a victim-centric narrative. This narrative tends to limit women's roles to passive recipients of aid, rather than recognising them as active participants in conflict resolution and post-war reconstruction. This paper critically examines whether International Humanitarian Law, as currently structured, meaningfully addresses the complex realities of women in war or continues to fall short in achieving substantive gender parity. Using contemporary case studies, including the legal discourse surrounding the war in Gaza, this paper interrogates how gender is framed in the adjudication of war crimes, forced displacement, and genocide. It examines how International Humanitarian Law mechanisms, such as the International Criminal Court and the International Court of Justice, address gendered experiences of conflict. This includes recognising sexual violence as a weapon of war and the exclusion of women from peace negotiations. The paper further critiques the efficacy of international adjudication in holding perpetrators accountable for gender-based war crimes and ensuring gender-sensitive reparations. This paper engages with feminist legal theory and critical approaches to international law. It argues that achieving genuine gender parity in International Humanitarian Law requires a paradigm shift. The focus should move from protectionist policies to frameworks that recognise and empower women as key stakeholders in conflict resolution. The research further contributes to broader debates on the future of international law. It proposes concrete reforms to strengthen gender-responsive legal mechanisms, ensuring that international humanitarian law evolves in alignment with principles of justice and impartiality

Ground floor right (end of part II). [Oil and encaustic on steel]

In this work I attempt to explore a dialogue between drawing and painting, through the consideration of the home as a compression chamber for inhabitants' individual and shared dynamic. The work builds on ideas of psychological transitioning, through the flattening of form and figurative representation. "End of Part II" is the second version of a painting that I made in 2018. It was a first attempt to push beyond the rectangular frame by inviting the wall to hold a more active and visual role within the composition, as opposed to the wall having the sole function of hanging and displaying the work. This work was produced for the exhibition "Flat Volume", held 23 October - 9 November 2025 at the APT Gallery, London, curated by Sarah Longworth-West

Why is the United Kingdom fuel poor?

Tackling fuel poverty and decarbonising heating are two of the biggest challenges before the UK economy. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) this research evaluates the main causes of fuel poverty within the UK, drawing parameters from various definitions and it assesses the immediate impacts of fuel poverty. A series of fuel poverty determinants have been drawn from the literature to develop a SEM model, using fuel poverty as a latent construct. Fuel Poverty has then been divided further into three latent factors, Household, Macroeconomic factors and Renewable energy. A time series data of 13 years (2010–2022) has been collated from a variety of published databases to arrive at the most significant indicators of the latent constructs. The paper also evaluates if the decarbonisation target can be achieved along with reducing the fuel poverty by including the indicators of renewable energy. A robust interrogation has been done of the most recent policy measures and its relevance based on the results obtained by the longitudinal data analysis. The research presents strong evidence that there has been limited investments in housing efficiency and green energy projects, there is an immediate need to control inflation and household incomes. Additionally, policies related to the dependence on oil and gas as primary energy source, winter fuel payments and gas and electricity disconnections need attention

GASSM: global attention and state space model based end-to-end hyperspectral change detection.

As an essential task to identify anomalies and monitor changes over time, change detection enables detailed earth observation in remote sensing. By combining both the rich spectral information and spatial image, hyperspectral images (HSI) have offered unique and significant advantages for change detection. However, traditional hyperspectral change detection (HCD) methods, predominantly based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), struggle with capturing long-range spatial-spectral dependencies due to their limited receptive fields. Whilst transformers based HCD methods are capable of modeling such dependencies, they often suffer from quadratic growth of the computational complexity. Considering the unique capabilities in offering robust long-range sequence modeling yet with linear computational complexity, the emerging Mamba model has provided a promising alternative. Accordingly, we propose a novel approach that integrates the global attention (GA) and state space model (SSM) to form our GASSM network for HCD. The SSM based Mamba block has been introduced to model global spatial-spectral features, followed by a fully connected layer to perform binary classification of detected changes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first to explore using the Mamba and SSM for HCD. Comprehensive experiments on two publicly available datasets, compared with eight state-of-the-art benchmarks, have validated the efficacy and efficiency of our GASSM model, demonstrating its superiority of high accuracy and stability in HCD