Promoting Social Resilience Based on the Relationship Between Difficulty in Emotion Regulation and Cyberspace Applications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between difficulty in emotion regulation with social net sites addiction and game addiction with mediating hope to life in students. The current research method is descriptive and the research design is correlational. The statistical population of the present study included the all students of Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch. The Sampling method was Snowball. 400 students completed the questionnaires. Research tools included difficulty in emotion regulation questionnaire (Gratz and Roemer, 2002), Social Net Addiction scale (Matinfar et al, 2018), Game Addiction (Matinfar et al, 2017), Hope To Life Scale (Miller, 1988). Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Analysis by Amos version 18 and SPSS version 26 software. Data Analysis showed that difficulty in emotion regulation has directly effect in social net addiction(P<0/0001 β-0/39) . difficulty in emotion regulation has directly effect in Game addiction (P<0/05 β-0/13) .Hope of Life has the mediate role between between difficulty in emotion regulation with social net sites addiction and game addiction (P<0/05). Inaddition to practical and theoretical implications, research findings can be used as a useful model for providing psychological services to students to prevent social net addiction and game addiction

Three-day blues after ecstasy/MDMA use:Evidence from a longitudinal and daily analysis in the European nightlife scene

Background: There is a lack of understanding of the nature of the post-acute affective response in the days after ecstasy/3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use and whether this is associated with ecstasy/MDMA use or circumstantial factors. In the three days following ecstasy/MDMA use, we evaluated whether a drop in mental well-being is observed and can be related to ecstasy use. Methods: Data for this study were obtained from a longitudinal and momentary analysis in the European nightlife scene (ALAMA study). Using ecological daily assessment, participants were asked to complete a daily 3-minute questionnaire for 35 days. Young adults (age 18–34) from the United Kingdom (n = 120) and the Netherlands (n = 124) who use ecstasy/MDMA were recruited in the nightlife scene and using social media campaigns. Substance use, psychological well-being and pathology, sleep quality, harm reduction behaviours, and socio-demographics data were collected digitally through a smartphone app. Results: Participants reported on average a significant drop in mental well-being in the three days following ecstasy/MDMA use (B=-0.14, SE=0.04, p &lt; .001) even when accounting for other substance use, socio-demographics, applied harm reduction strategies, measures of depression, anxiety and sleep quality. For commonly used substances other than ecstasy/MDMA and cocaine, no significant associations with mental well-being in the three days following their use were found. Conclusions: A drop in mental well-being in the three days following ecstasy/MDMA use was associated with ecstasy/MDMA use, in addition to other factors such as (co-)use of other substances, especially cocaine, sleep duration and quality in the days following use, and baseline levels of depression and anxiety.</p

Cannabis Use Cessation and the Risk of Psychotic Disorders:A Case–Control Analysis from the First Episode Case–Control EU-GEI WP2 Study: L’arrêt de l’utilisation du cannabis et le risque de troubles psychotiques: Une analyse cas-témoins tirée de l’étude cas-témoins EU-GEI WP2 centrée sur les premiers épisodes psychotiques

Objectives: To establish whether the risk of psychotic disorders in cannabis users changes with time following cannabis cessation using data from the European Network of National Networks studying Gene–Environment Interactions in Schizophrenia (EU-GEI) case–control study. Methods: The EU-GEI case–control study collected data from first episode psychosis patients and population controls across sites in Europe and Brazil between May 2010 and April 2015. Adjusted logistic regressions were applied to examine whether the odd of psychosis case status changed: (1) with time following cannabis cessation and (2) across different cannabis use groups. Results: Psychosis risk declined following cessation of cannabis use (β = −0.002; 95% CI −0.004 to 0.000; P = 0.067). When accounting for duration of use, this effect remained (β = −0.003; 95% CI −0.005 to −0.001; P = 0.013). However, in models adjusting for frequency and potency of use the result was not significant. Analysis of different cannabis use groups indicated that ex-users who stopped 1 to 4 weeks previously had the highest risk for psychotic disorder compared to never users (OR = 6.89; 95% CI 3.91–12.14; P &lt; 0.001); risk declined for those who stopped 5 to 12 weeks previously (OR = 2.70; 95% CI 1.73–4.21; P &lt; 0.001) and 13 to 36 weeks previously (OR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.00–2.33; P = 0.050). Ex-users who stopped 37 to 96 weeks (OR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.66–1.57; P = 0.949), 97 to 180 weeks (OR = 0.73; 95% CI 0.45–1.19; P = 0.204), and 181 weeks previously or more (OR = 1.18; 95% CI 0.76–1.83; P = 0.456) had similar psychosis risk to those who had never-used cannabis. Conclusion: Risk of psychotic disorder appears to decline with time following cannabis cessation, receding to that of those who have never used cannabis after 37 weeks or more of abstinence. Although, preliminary results suggest that frequent users of high potency types of cannabis might maintain an elevated risk compared to never users even when abstaining for longer than 181 weeks.</p

Influence of fibre orientation on mechanical behaviour of Onyx-carbon fibre composites fabricated via additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing has introduced new possibilities for fabricating composite materials with tailored mechanical properties, particularly through precise control of fibre orientation. This study explores the influence of carbon fibre reinforcement orientation on the mechanical performance of Onyx FR-A composites, manufactured using the Markforged FX20 printer. Mechanical tests, including tensile, compressive, open-hole tension (OHT), and interlaminar shear stress (ILSS) tests, were conducted on specimens with varying fibre orientations (0° and 90° relative to the loading axis). The findings demonstrate that fibre orientation plays a crucial role in determining material behaviour, with 0° orientations providing enhanced tensile and compressive strength compared to 90° orientations. Additionally, additive manufacturing enables the creation of complex geometries, such as OHT specimens, without secondary processes like drilling, which can damage fibres, offering significant advantages over traditional methods. The results offer critical insights into composite design for high-performance applications

Effect of gravity-induced shape change on the diffusion-limited evaporation of thin sessile and pendant droplets

A comprehensive study of the effect of gravity-induced shape change on the diffusion-limited evaporation of thin sessile and pendant droplets on a horizontal substrate is performed. Specifically, theoretical predictions for the evolution, and hence the lifetime, of sessile and pendant droplets evaporating in four modes of evaporation, namely, the constant contact radius (CR), the constant contact angle (CA), the stick-slide (SS), and the stick-jump (SJ) modes, are obtained. In particular, it is shown that gravity-induced shape change can cause quantitative differences in the evolution of sessile and pendant droplets compared to that of a droplet in the absence of (or in the neglect of) the effect of gravity (a "zero-gravity droplet"). For example, whereas sessile and pendant droplets evaporating in the CR mode evolve in qualitatively the same manner as a zero-gravity droplet, the evolution of droplets evaporating in the CA mode is more complicated. Specifically, while a zero-gravity droplet evaporating in the CA mode evolves according to the well-known d2 and 2/3 laws, an initially large sessile droplet evolves according to qualitatively different d and 1/2 laws, and an initially large pendant droplet evolves with the contact radius and the volume (but not, of course, the contact angle) behaving as if the droplet was evaporating in the CR mode. It is also found, perhaps somewhat unexpectedly, that the maximum height of a sessile droplet evaporating in the CA mode is a nonmonotonic function of time when the initial volume of the droplet is sufficiently large. Furthermore, it is found that for all four modes of evaporation a sessile droplet always evaporates faster, and hence has a shorter lifetime, than a zero-gravity droplet with the same initial volume, which in turn always evaporates faster, and hence has a shorter lifetime, than a pendant droplet with the same initial volume. It is also shown that for all four modes of evaporation the lifetime of a droplet is a monotonically increasing function of the initial volume of the droplet, that the lifetime of a droplet evaporating in the CA mode is always longer than that of the same droplet evaporating in the CR mode, and that the lifetimes of droplets evaporating in the SS and SJ modes both always lie between the lifetimes of the same droplet evaporating in the extreme modes.</p

Service expectations and performance evaluation in sport child camps:participants and parents' perspectives

Aim: The current study aims to examine the differences between service expectations and service performance evaluation in sport child camps among participants and their parents. Methods: Data were collected from 258 sport child camp participants and 226 parents, before and after the camp experience, to obtain their service expectations and service performance evaluations, respectively. Paired samples t tests were conducted to examine whether a significant difference existed between expectations and performance evaluations among both participants and parents. Results: Significant differences were found between participants’ expectations and performance evaluations regarding Contact with Physical Environmental, Food and Fun. For parents, significant differences were found between expectations and performance evaluations regarding Staff, Activities Program, Service Failures and Recovery, and Food. In general, participants had higher expectations than their evaluations of the service delivered by sport child camp. In turn, parents evaluated the service performance with higher scores than their initial expectations of the sport child camp. Conclusion: This study represents an advance in the knowledge about participants and parents’ expectations with the sport child camp services and highlights the importance of contrasting expectations and performance of the service. The results allow sport child camp managers to diagnose where improvements should be targeted and are useful to identify strengths and weaknesses of service quality

Does being vegetarian make you boyfriend material? Investigating the role of dietary preferences on mate appeal

Altering consumer demand for meat calls for a deep understanding of the factors consistently influencing people's appetite for meat and thus acting as a barrier to dietary change. Previous research has supported the link between meat and masculinity and its implications for mate appeal, whereby omnivores are perceived as more attractive potential romantic partners due to greater perceived masculinity. The present study extends this research by distinguishing between the role of dietary preference on short- and long-term mate appeal. An experimental study presented participants with profiles of ostensible men either described as having omnivorous or vegetarian diets. Results indicated that there were no differences in mate desirability nor in perceived intelligence, wealth or caringness, contradicting previous research highlighting the romantic benefits of meat consumption. Vegetarian men, however, were rated as more faithful, possibly alluding to some greater appeal for long-term romantic relationships, but further replications are needed. Implications and directions for further research are discussed

Deep predictive coding with bi-directional propagation for classification and reconstruction

Predictive Coding (PC) has emerged as a prominent theory underlying information processing in the brain. The general concept for learning in PC is that each layer learns to predict the activities of neurons in the previous layer, which enables local computation of error as well as in-parallel learning across layers. Deep Bi-directional Predictive Coding (DBPC) is proposed here as a new learning algorithm that enables neural networks to simultaneously perform classification and reconstruction tasks using the same learned weights. Building on existing PC approaches, DBPC supports both feedforward and feedback propagation of information. Each layer in the network trained using DBPC learns to predict the activities of neurons in the previous and next layers, enabling the network to simultaneously perform classification and reconstruction tasks using feedforward and feedback propagation, respectively. DBPC also relies on locally available information for learning, thus enabling in-parallel learning across all layers in the network. DBPC enables the training of both fully connected networks and convolutional neural networks. The classification accuracies of DBPC on the MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and CIFAR-10 datasets (99.58%, 92.42%, and 74.29%, respectively) exceed those of well-established PC-based benchmark approaches (including FIPC3 and iPC) and are competitive with state-of-the-art Error-Backpropagation-based methods (including ResNet and DenseNet) on MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and EuroSAT datasets. Importantly, DBPC achieves these results using significantly smaller networks for MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and CIFAR-10 datasets (0.425, 1.004, and 1.109 million parameters), and every representation estimated in DBPC can be used for the reconstruction of inputs. The significant benefit of DBPC is its ability to achieve this performance using locally available information and in-parallel learning mechanisms, which results in an efficient training protocol. Overall, we demonstrate that DBPC is a much more efficient approach for training networks that can perform both classification and reconstruction simultaneously