The role of multicriteria decision analysis in the development of candidate classification criteria for antisynthetase syndrome:analysis from the CLASS project

OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate the performance of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA)-driven candidate classification criteria for antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD).METHODS: A list of variables associated with ASSD was developed using a systematic literature review and then refined into an ASSD key domains and variables list by myositis and interstitial lung disease (ILD) experts. This list was used to create preferences surveys in which experts were presented with pairwise comparisons of clinical vignettes and asked to select the case that was more likely to represent ASSD. Experts' answers were analysed using the Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives method to determine the weights of the key variables to formulate the MCDA-based classification criteria. Clinical vignettes scored by the experts as consensus cases or controls and real-world data collected in participating centres were used to test the performance of candidate classification criteria using receiver operating characteristic curves and diagnostic accuracy metrics.RESULTS: Positivity for antisynthetase antibodies had the highest weight for ASSD classification. The highest-ranked clinical manifestation was ILD, followed by myositis, mechanic's hands, joint involvement, inflammatory rashes, Raynaud phenomenon, fever, and pulmonary hypertension. The candidate classification criteria achieved high areas under the curve when applied to the consensus cases and controls and real-world patient data. Sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values were &gt;80%.CONCLUSIONS: The MCDA-driven candidate classification criteria were consistent with published ASSD literature and yielded high accuracy and validity.</p

Influence of fibre orientation on mechanical behaviour of Onyx-carbon fibre composites fabricated via additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing has introduced new possibilities for fabricating composite materials with tailored mechanical properties, particularly through precise control of fibre orientation. This study explores the influence of carbon fibre reinforcement orientation on the mechanical performance of Onyx FR-A composites, manufactured using the Markforged FX20 printer. Mechanical tests, including tensile, compressive, open-hole tension (OHT), and interlaminar shear stress (ILSS) tests, were conducted on specimens with varying fibre orientations (0° and 90° relative to the loading axis). The findings demonstrate that fibre orientation plays a crucial role in determining material behaviour, with 0° orientations providing enhanced tensile and compressive strength compared to 90° orientations. Additionally, additive manufacturing enables the creation of complex geometries, such as OHT specimens, without secondary processes like drilling, which can damage fibres, offering significant advantages over traditional methods. The results offer critical insights into composite design for high-performance applications

Dataset for "The influence of occupant behaviour on indoor air quality and COVID-19 risk in refugee shelters and temporary houses"

The dataset contains the monitored data in six temporary houses in Japan. The dataset contains the outdoor temperature of the location and the indoor parameters of the temporary houses: indoor concentration of carbon dioxide, indoor temperature and relative humidity. The dataset also contains monitored occupant behaviour: occupancy, window and door operation, use of kitchen

A Model of the Mechanisms Underpinning Unconventional Aqueous Humor Outflow

PURPOSE: To develop a mathematical model of the unconventional outflow pathway.METHODS: The unconventional pathway is modeled as having two key components: the uveo-vortex and the trans-scleral pathways. The uveo-vortex pathway is modeled using Starling's law and the trans-scleral flow using predominately hydrostatic forces. We include transcytosis from the choriocapillaris (CC) and collapsibility of the suprachoroidal space (SCS) as particular features. There is considerable uncertainty in a number of model parameter values, and we identify the most significant ones using sensitivity analysis.RESULTS: The model successfully generates a fluid flow from anterior to posterior in the choroidal tissue and the SCS, which also demonstrates many of the known physiological features, including the insensitivity of the unconventional flow to fluctuations in the IOP, albumin removal by the trans-scleral flow, and the CC as a net absorber of fluid from, and supplier of albumin to, the choroidal tissue. The model supports the two previously proposed mechanisms of the action of prostaglandin F2α analogues.CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a theoretical model of the unconventional aqueous outflow pathway that successfully captures its physiological features and elucidates the actions of prostaglandin F2α analogues and other drugs.</p

Carbon capability survey 2024

This survey dataset analyses the ‘carbon capability’ of a representative sample of the UK population (n = 2001). The focus is on attitudes and behaviours, as well as norms and structural factors which enable and constrain individuals’ ability to lead low-carbon lifestyles. The sample is representative of age, gender, region, education and ethnicity. Participants responded to questions spanning the main components of household-level carbon footprints: energy use, transportation, food and diet, and shopping habits. The survey was designed to enable the calculation of individual-level carbon footprints. Questions on the role of influence and citizenship with respect to climate change are also included

Psychologists’ use of and views on group psychological debriefing:A preliminary study

This study aimed to establish how practitioner psychologists use debriefing for trauma-exposed staff. Findings suggest that practices employed were guided by trauma-informed principles and in line with the recently published ‘Association of Clinical Psychologists UK’ guidance. Moreover, participants believed the practice to be effective. Healthcare professionals are routinely exposed to potentially traumatic events. Psychological Group Debriefing is an early post-trauma intervention that was designed for occupational groups to help them process these events. The National Institute for Clinical Health Excellence recommended against the use of debriefing to prevent Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for primary victims of trauma. However, there has been a lack of further empirical investigation regarding its utility for occupational staff. The aims of this study were to establish what psychologists working with healthcare staff consider to be best practice and whether this aligns with the recently published ‘Association of Clinical Psychologists UK’ guidance. Additionally, their beliefs on the effectiveness of the intervention were investigated. A cross-sectional mixed methods design was employed. Fifty-three ‘Health and Care Professions Council’-registered psychologists took part in an online survey about their use of and views on the practice. Qualitative data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Quantitative data were integrated to complement the content analysis. Three main themes were identified: (1) how best to support staff, relating to procedures that are aimed at supporting natural recovery as well as the general importance of offering support (2) unsafe practices, which are marked by not adhering to trauma-informed principles, and (3) ‘I’m mindful there is no strong evidence base yet’, relating to the recognition of the lack of a strong evidence base that stands in contrast to the overwhelmingly positive clinical experience. Findings suggest that psychologists’ accounts are consistent and in line with the ACP guidance, suggesting consensus among experts

Multiscale analysis on anisotropic heat conduction behaviors of multi-walled carbon nanotubes modification carbon fiber composites:random distribution and modified interface

Carbon fiber fabric composites (CFFCs) are widely used in aerospace and energy systems, but their anisotropic thermal conductivity (ATC) remains challenging to predict due to hierarchical structures and non-uniform nanofiller distributions. Existing models often oversimplify nanoscale filler randomness or ignore interfacial effects, limiting accuracy. This study addresses these gaps by developing a three-scale finite element framework integrating microscale random multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) dispersion, mesoscale interfacial layers, and macroscale fabric architecture. MWCNTs (0–0.6 % mass fraction) were experimentally incorporated into CFFCs to enhance thermal performance. Key findings include a 56.6 % in-plane thermal conductivity improvement and an 18.5 % through-thickness reduction at 0.6 % MWCNT mass fraction, driven by directional heat flux redistribution. The three-scale model predicted ATC with &lt;9 % error compared to Hot-Disk experiments, demonstrating its reliability. This work provides critical insights into hierarchical heat transfer mechanisms, enabling tailored thermal management in advanced composites.</p

Dataset and code for: Expanding scenario diversity in prospective LCA: Coupling the TIAM-UCL integrated assessment model with Premise and ecoinvent

This dataset contains TIAM-UCL scenario and mapping files designed for use with Premise, a Python-based tool for prospective life cycle assessment (LCA). TIAM-UCL is an integrated assessment model (IAM) that projects future scenarios for energy systems and their environmental impacts. The dataset includes four climate change mitigation scenarios, ranging from limiting global warming to 1.5°C to 3.0°C, across 16 global regions. These scenarios cover key sectors such as electricity, fuels, and steel, projecting production volumes, technology mixes, and efficiencies. Examples include the phase-out of fossil fuels and the increased adoption of renewable energies. While primarily developed for LCA applications within Premise, these data can be utilized in other contexts as well. The dataset, code, and additional figures also serve as supplementary information 1-4 for the associated paper