Berbagai Intervensi yang Dapat Mengurangi Kesepian pada Lansia

Background: The relationship between loneliness and the consequences of its harm to physical and mental health in the elderly is often reported, including an increased risk of death. Interventions that can reduce the problem of loneliness in the elderly are needed so that they are successful in the process of aging and prosperous both biologically and psychosocially. This study aims to summarizing current knowledge about several interventions that can reduce loneliness problems in the elderly. Method: This study uses the literature review method. The database used in the literature searches is the Science Direct, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. In the early phase of searching using keywords: “older people, loneliness, interventions, programs, outcomesâ€, it is obtained the results of 12 international journals from the period of 2017 to 2019 that matched the inclusion criteria. Results: From the 12 journals obtained, 6 are quantitative studies, 5 are literature review studies, and 1 is a qualitative study. It is revealed the results that some interventions categorized in the direct and indirect interventions are summarized and can reduce the problem of loneliness in the elderly. Conclusion: This review identified 10 out of 11 interventions (90.9%) using a community-based group approach and the other (9.1%) using new technologies approach. Although the number of studies on interventions that target loneliness in the elderly continues to increase, our reviews above do not reach solid and strong conclusions and their characteristics can be questioned

Healthy Media Promotion, Knowledge Towards Clean and Healthy Life Behavior among Students

Background: The clean and healthy life behavior (CHLB) needs to be implemented since the elementary school age where the main target is elementary school students. This is based on the problem that most diseases often occur in school-age children (ages 6-10 years) including diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, helminthiasis and other environmental-based and behavioral-based diseases. This study is aimed to determine the relationship between media exposure and knowledge with CHLB in elementary students. Method: This research was conducted in all elementary schools located in Kramatwatu Serang-Banten in the months of February-July of 2018, with the sample of the research being fifth-grade students with as many as 150 people taken by using the simple random sampling method. Result: The results showed that 68% of respondents had a good, clean and healthy life behavior. A total of 94.7% of respondents stated that they were exposed to clean and healthy life behavior by media information, and 68.7% of them had a good level of knowledge. The relationship test showed that there was no significant relationship between media exposure and knowledge with CHLB. Conclusion: The knowledge of elementary school students was good due to the teacher and health promotion media

The Risk Factors Burnout among Nurses in General Hospital Kebumen

 Background: Burnout is a collection of symptoms due to a usage of energy generating physically, mentally and emotionally exhausted which is affecting health care workers in hospital particularly nurse. The objective of this research is to understand the risk factors of burnout among nurses in general hospital Kebumen, Central Java Province in Indonesia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted as a research design. About 125 samples had selected with consecutive sampling as a method to collect respondents. There were five independents variables such as ages, length of work, gender, education background and marital status, yet burnout as a dependent variable. This research was analyzed by chi-square for bivariate and logistic regression technique for multivariate. Results: According chi-square test explained that variables age (p-value 0.052, OR 2.276 and CI 95% 0.984-5.263, education (p-value 0.511, OR 0.759 and CI 95% 0.333-1.729, light of work (p-value 0.159, OR 0.551 and CI 95% 0.239-1.270), gender status (p-value 0.987, OR 1.007 and CI 95% 0.440-2.306) and marital status (p-value 0.868, OR 0.926 and CI 95% 0.377-2.277) that concluded none of those variables had correlated to burnout among nurses in general hospital, Kebumen District, Indonesia. However, logistic regression was attained only age of respondents as a significant variable against burnout (p-value 0.029, OR 2.634, CI 95 % 1.101-6.298). Conclusion: Based on this research had identified that age >35 years old is the most affecting predictor against burnout among nurses in general hospital Kebumen, Central Java Province, Indonesia

The Effect of Dietary Changes in Controlling the Hypertension in Sleman Yogyakarta

Background: Hypertension is the disease with the highest number of cases among patients who visit primary care. Most hypertension is caused by a poor diet. One of the main causes of hypertension is poor food control. This study aimed to know the effect of diet control education intervention against the behavior changes in controlling the blood pressure for hypertensive patients. Methods: This study used the quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with a control group. The intervention and control groups were chosen through the implemented criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The used sampling technique was a simple random sampling. There were 84 subjects of hypertensive patients. The subjects were divided into two groups, i.e., 42 patients (intervention group) and 42 patients (control group). The intervention was done for six weeks. Result: There were differences in dietary control behavior changes between the control and intervention groups. The intervention group had significant (p<0,05) change,1.41 while control group had decreased in score (∆) (0.47) where the value of p was not significant, (p>0.05). The average value of systolic blood pressure for the intervention group was 4.47 mmHg/5.17 mmHg, and the increase of the average value of systolic blood pressure was 3.63 mmHg/5.95 mmHg for the control group. Conclusion: Dietary control education influences blood pressure control for hypertensive patients

Social Capital and Self Efficacy of Pregnant Women

Background: Mental health disorders, namely anxiety and depressive symptoms, are common in pregnant women due to physical and hormonal changes. Social support, family environment conditions and the neighboring social environment are components of social capital that contribute to the health of pregnant women. The Indonesia Healthy Family-Program Approach (HIP-FA) supports efforts to empower families to provide social support to pregnant women, thereby increasing self-efficacy in pregnancy that will lead to giving birth to healthy babies. This paper aims to describe the social capital and efficacy of pregnant women. Method: This study was a qualitative study that described social capital, empowerment, and self-efficacy of pregnant women during pregnancy. The article search was through PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases. The keywords used to search the articles included: pregnant women, self-efficacy, social capital, and empowerment. The author examined and synthesized various kinds of literature that were closely related to social capital in providing self-efficacy for pregnant women. Results: Social capital affects health and is the main determinant of health. The important social capital is social support for pregnant women by empowering families to give better attention during pregnancy. A healthy Indonesian program with a family approach (HIP-FA) is organized in order to increase the government's attention in overcoming health problems by involving family directly in planning activities, monitoring and evaluation processes, so that the families understand well the health problems of pregnant women in their families and can provide social support in dealing with mental health disorders of pregnant women and increasing self-confidence to be mothers and parent. Conclusion: Social support is a social capital that can improve family empowerment by paying more attention to the health of pregnant women. Social capital in the form of family cohesion and family environment can improve the self-efficacy of pregnant women and prevent pregnancy complications to prepare for the birth of a healthy baby

Analisis Penerapan Housekeeping sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah

Background: Installation of hospitalization had activities that required more attention in the implementation of occupational health and safety (K3) to reduce the variety of complaints from users of hospital services because of negligence that caused accidents. Accident prevention efforts to achieve the target K3 was done by the application of housekeeping. Region Public Hospital of Mandau, Bengkalis was a new class C hospital which functioned since 2008, so the application of housekeeping could help improve the quality of service. Method: This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were in-depth interviews and observation. The sampling technique was by purposive sampling. Subjects were 13 and the validity of the data applied triangulation sources. Results: The analysis of the application with the principles of 5S housekeeping showed: 1) The application seiri (quick) has not done well since there were no separate bins; 2) The application of seiton (neat) has been performing well since neatness has been kept already; 3) The application of seiso (rehearsal) has not done well since the bathrooms were not cleaned regularly; 4) The application of seiketsu (care), and shiketsu (diligent) has not done well because it was based on 3S previously found that the application has not done well. Conclusion: Application of housekeeping as prevention of job accidents in the inpatient room of region public hospital has not done well because based on interviews and observations it was indicated that only application seiton (neat) was already performing well

Korelasi antara Skor Osteoporosis Self Assessment Tool for Asians dengan Skor FRAX® pada Wanita Usia Lanjut

Background: Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are an important public health concern in the elderly, especially in post-menopausal women. Screening for osteoporosis might help to detect those at risk for fractures to be promptly managed. WHO has developed a tool to screen risk for osteoporosis, i.e. the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool (OST) that has also been validated for Asians (OSTA). WHO has also developed FRAX® to predict 10-years risk of hip fracture or other osteoporotic a fracture. Method: This study was intended to assess the correlation between OSTA and FRAX®. This cross-sectional study was performed in October-December 2013 in all public health centers (Puskesmas) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. We invited all women aged 56 years or above visiting the outpatient clinic of the Puskesmas during the study period. Overall, 540 elderly women completed the anthropometric measurements and questionnaires of FRAX®. Results: OSTA scores showed that more than 40% were at high risk for osteoporosis. This study observed high and significant correlations between OSTA and FRAX® for hip fracture, i.e. Spearman correlation of 0,914; p<0,001 and for other osteoporotic fractures, i.e. Spearman correlation of 0,769; p<0,001. Conclusion: We concluded that OSTA and FRAX® were highly correlated and both can be used to screen women for osteoporosis and risk for fractures, respectively

Pola Spasial dan Aksesibilitas Penggunaan Pelayanan Kesehatan: Pengobatan Ulang Tuberkulosis

Background: Increased tuberculosis cases and deaths were caused by being untreated, did not understand that tuberculosis bacilli had been infected, coverage rates were low, coverage was high but treatment outcomes were low, and there were new cases due to demographic transitions. The treatment success rate for smear-positive was 86%. In Kulon Progo, based on 73 patients treated in 2013 as many as 59 people were declared cured. The aim of this study was to mapping the distribution pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who re-treat, identify the place of treatment and access to health facilities. Method: A cross-sectional survey using a geographic information system, the sample included 162 pulmonary tuberculosis patient in 2014. The variables were pulmonary tuberculosis patients and distance to health care facilities. Analyzed by descriptive methods. Result: There were 8 cases of recurrent tuberculosis cases, 5 patient was difficult to access. Cases drop out there was 4 patient, 2 patient was difficult to access. The case failed 4 patient, 3 patient was difficult to access. In the rural area was 78%. Results of treatment of tuberculosis relapse in the first quarter, 1 patient was difficult to access, otherwise healed. In the second quarter, 3 patient was difficult to access, 2 patient was declared cured, 1 patient was died, with diabetes mellitus complication. 1 patient was drop out in the first quarter, access was difficult, stated back to follow-up. In the second quarter, 1 patient was easy to access, otherwise recovered. Tuberculosis failed in the second quarter, 1 patient was easy to access, otherwise recovered. Conclusions: The spatial pattern of distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who re-treated was mostly spread in rural areas, patients had difficulty accessing health facilities, patients seeking medical treatment in several health care facilities to move in four different places.Â

Hubungan Pendidikan dan Status Kawin dengan Infeksi Menular Seksual pada Wanita Usia Subur di Layanan Klinik IMS

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) becomes still the main problem of public health in the world. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are infections that are transmitted through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, and oral). The highest of number visited and illnesses of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) in clinics Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) Cangkringan Public Health Center will have to appear to affect public health in the district area. This research purpose to determine the relation of level education and marital status with the incidence of STIs on fertile women in clinic IMS. Method: This research was observational analytic research with quantitative methods and cross-sectional design. The population in this study every patient fertile women were examined on clinic Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) Cangkringan Public Health Center from January 2016 to July 2016. Samples were 107 respondents taken using a probability sampling technique in which samples using secondary data from inform concent in Public Health Center. Data were analyzed by chi-square test. Result: The result study showed that none significant between level education (RP = 0,796; CI = 0,458-1,382; p-value 0,533) and mental status (RP = 0, 846; CI = 0,168 - 4,264; p-value 1,000) with STIs. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the incidence Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) on fertile women in clinic Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) Cangkringan Public Health Center not caused by the variable education level and marital status

Hubungan Lama Penggunaan Komputer dan Intensitas Pencahayaan dengan Keluhan Kelelahan Mata pada Pekerja di Hotel KC

1) Background: Interactions between workers and computers create a variety of risks, one of which is complaints of eye fatigue. Lighting intensity is considered a risk factor that can cause complaints of eye fatigue as well. The preliminary study suggests that several workers experienced discomfort in the eye area, neck and back pain, and mild eye irritation. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between the duration of computer use and lighting intensity with complaints of eye fatigue. 2) Method: This research is analytical quantitative with a cross-sectional design. In this study, the researcher used a total sampling technique. A total of 43 operators were recruited as samples. The instruments used were questionnaires and a lux meter. A chi-square test was used to analyze the data at 95% confidence level. 3) Result and Conclusion: The results show that the duration of computer use variable was significantly assotciated with complaints of eye fatigue (p 0.004 < α), while lighting intensity variable was not associated with complaints of eye fatigue (p 0.275 > α). 4) Suggestion: Managing the duration of computer use by resting according to the 20-20-20 rule is recommended. The hotel should add, replace, or suistain all existing lights and provide information and education to all operators as well