Critique as a means of Jiaohua (Cultivation): insights from Confucianism

From a Confucian perspective, critique serves as a tool for jiaohua (cultivation), encompassing not only the transmission of knowledge but also the cultivation of morality. This article adopts theoretical and empirical approaches to explore the Confucian understanding of critique. Theoretically, critique in Confucianism is not merely a challenge directed at external individuals or society; rather, it is viewed as a personal moral and social responsibility. Empirically, this article draws on fieldwork conducted in Confucian schools to demonstrate how students, teachers, and parents employ critique as a corrective tool in educational practice. Confucian critique challenges the monolithic framework of Euro-American critical traditions, offering a pathway of ‘multiple modernities’ to global higher education while addressing the pressing need for a more equitable and diverse knowledge production system

Sharing stories, food and passports: forced migration, museum and memory activism in contemporary Germany

This article uses the online exhibition ‘Arriving: Life after Forced Migration’ by the Marienfelde Refugee Center Museum in Berlin as a case study to investigate how museum activism can contribute to creating and disseminating memories about contemporary forced migration. Employing a close visual and textual analysis of the online exhibition combined with insights from recent discourses on museum activism, migration and memory studies, the article explores which forms of memory the exhibition creates, how these memories emerge and to which end they are used. The analysis firstly illustrates how the exhibition creates a space for communicative memory to surface within the portrayed refugee families through the sharing of stories, objects and food from ‘home’. Secondly, it goes on to argue that the exhibition engages in memory activism by humanizing the portrayed individuals, exposing discriminatory state practices and challenging the audience through provocative questions. Thirdly, the article submits that this online exhibition contributes to a growing transnational archive of forced migration memories. Comprised of a multitude of online platforms dedicated to collecting, preserving and sharing forced migration stories, this archive stimulates multidirectional memory making and allows counter narratives to surface within an increasingly divided Europe

A complex systems view on physical activity with actionable insights for behaviour change

Physical inactivity and its associated health and economic burdens continue to rise despite decades of interdisciplinary research aimed at promoting physical activity. This Perspective takes a complex systems view on physical activity, proposing that at least two layers of complexity should be considered: (1) interactions between various physiological, psychological, social and environmental systems; and (2) their dynamic interactions across time. To address this complexity, all stages of the research process—from theory and measurement to study design, analysis and interventions—must be aligned with a complex systems perspective. This alignment requires intensive interdisciplinary collaboration and an integration of basic and applied research beyond current research practices to create transdisciplinary solutions. We offer actionable insights that bridge the gap between abstract theoretical approaches (for example, complex systems and attractor landscape frameworks of behaviour change) and practical research on physical activity, thereby laying a foundation for more effective behaviour change interventions

Exploring the effects of compression ratio and initial flame kernel radius on combustion characteristics and fuel economy of a dual-fuel spark ignition engine under oxy-fuel combustion mode

In order to mitigate greenhouse effect and promote carbon neutrality, Oxy-Fuel Combustion (OFC) technology implemented in the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) has been an effective and promising approach to reduce or even eliminate CO2 emissions from the transportation sector. This research contributes novel insights into the effects of compression ratio (CR) and initial flame kernel radius (FK) on combustion characteristics and fuel economy of a Dual-Fuel Spark Ignition (DFSI) engine under OFC mode by a numerical method. The research results show that by increasing CR from 8.6 to 13.6, an apparent reduction can be seen in equivalent Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFCE). The corresponding ignition delay () has a reduction of 10 degrees, while combustion duration () are relatively stable. Moreover, the maximum cylinder pressure (max) has a rise of 8 bar and 20 bar at low load and mid-high load, respectively. By increasing FK from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm, max and Pmax each presents a monotonic trend of growth and advancement, respectively. The reduction of at low load and mid-high load is each 28.5 degrees and 34.9 degrees. In the meantime, both BSFCE and in-cylinder temperature show a low level of sensitivity. The research findings could provide valuable insights for enhancing the combustion performance and economy of DFSI engines under OFC mode to mitigate the greenhouse effect

The gap between rhetoric and reality

Our chapter concerns the extent to which the topics of equality, diversity and inclusion are covered in the curricula of UK business schools. These topics are attracting a great deal of interest from higher education policy and professional bodies such as Advance HE (formerly the Higher Education Academy) and the Chartered Association of Business Schools, and yet, despite this high-profile interest, there is increasing evidence that these topics are often not covered in business school curricula, or only in the relatively ‘soft’ topics such as human resource management and business ethics

Conversation analysis in gender and sexuality studies

The interdisciplinary field of Gender and Sexuality Studies addresses the historical, social and political forces shaping the ways members of society understand and experience their gender and sexuality. Conversation analysis is not primarily concerned with sex, gender, and sexuality: Rather its intellectual project is to explain how everyday life is produced through the routine interpersonal interactions that people have with each other. However, there are some important confluences, including the resonances between contemporary feminist post structuralist theories of gender performativity and ethnomethodological ones of gender as an achievement. Importantly feminist research using conversation analysis is expanding its scope by addressing significant social problems, such as gendered violence, women’s reproductive health, and “isms” in talk and interaction. Furthermore, such research can generate a grounded, evidential basis to inform responses to gender and sexuality issues as they continue to evolve with advances in new technologies

Observer-based control for time-delayed quasi-one-sided Lipschitz nonlinear systems under input saturation

This paper addresses the observer-based controller design problem for nonlinear time-delayed systems under input saturation. The nonlinearities are supposed to satisfy the quasi-onesided Lipschitz condition, which is less conservative than the one-sided Lipschitz condition. Based on the nonlinear matrix inequalities, control law for nonlinear systems subject to input saturation, time delays, and unavailable states, some sufficient conditions have been developed for an augmented system containing the system state vector and the error vector to ensure the convergence of all states to zero. The paper used a decoupling approach to reduce the complexity of the corresponding observer and controller gain computations. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed results is validated using suitable examples

Health psychology theories and models of behaviour

Theories, models, and their application are a crucial part of the development and growth of health psychology. This chapter contextualises health psychology in its foundations of the biopsychosocial model and discusses, non-exhaustively, key theories, models, and concepts used in the field relating to behaviour. The development of theories and models over the decades will be presented, showcasing the movement from cognitive to socio-cognitive, self-regulation to whole systems approaches, and where they are applied, to include individuals, populations, environments, behaviours, and conditions. This chapter will help to situate health psychology in the health and social care system, and critically discuss its contribution to science, education, policy, and practice

History of health psychology

This chapter gives an overview of the history of health psychology, covering the development of the discipline across a number of countries, including the United States of America (USA), Europe, the United Kingdom (UK), Japan, Africa, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. It takes a look at the key influences on its development, changes to job opportunities, discussions on the need for training models to accommodate standardised skill sets, core journals and books that were published to assist knowledge transfer of this new discipline, and how the growth in countries where health psychology is well-established such as the UK, differ from less developed countries. It includes extracts from interviews with 53 Health Psychologists (mainly trained in the UK) as part of the Royal Society–funded Oral History of Health Psychology (OHHP) in the UK Project (funded 2016–2018), many of whom were involved in European and international developments. New oral testimony from this project, interviewed by the authors, is presented in this chapter for the first time, highlighted by the date on which people were interviewed as part of this historical work. The chapter concludes with practical tips to ensure that history continues to be able to be captured in the future on an international platform through good documentation at annual meetings and as part of professional network events, conferences, and peer-reviewed journals

Health psychology's role within the biopsychosocial sciences

This chapter focuses on understanding health psychology in the wider system. The main aim is to show the interdisciplinary reach of health psychology and to highlight the importance of interconnectivity and collaborative working. Initially, synergies and differences between health psychology and other practitioner psychology branches will be discussed. The chapter will then focus outwards on the connection of health psychology with the biopsychosocial sciences. A particular focus will be made on behavioural, social, and medical sciences. The chapter will conclude with a discussion on the role health psychology plays and could play in multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary teams