Spin-erottelevien S/FI rakenteiden ja tunneliliitosten ominaisuuksien tietokonemallinnus (emoaineisto)

Code for calculating various properties of superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator structures and their tunnel junctions, such as densities of states, IV curves, or electron-phonon coupling. The GitLab project can be found and downloaded from the following address: https://gitlab.jyu.fi/jyucmt/superted-nfiscomp</a

Predicting performance of elite kickboxers using the multi-states theory framework

Using the multi-states (MuSt) theory framework, this study examined the interplay between self-confidence, emotional arousal control, worry, concentration disruption, challenge and threat appraisals, psychobiosocial experiences, and self-evaluated performance of medalist kickboxers involved in the WAKO World Kickboxing Championship 2021. Participants were 103 gold, silver, or bronze medalists (58 women and 45 men), aged 18–39 (M = 25.16 ± 4.54 years), who were contacted via email and social media and asked to fill an online survey 3 months after the event. According to the MuSt theory predictions, self-confidence and emotional arousal control were positively related to challenge appraisal, functional psychobiosocial experiences, and self-evaluated performance. Worry and concentration disruption were positively associated with threat appraisal, and negatively related to functional psychobiosocial experiences; concentration disruption was also negatively related to self-evaluated performance. Results from path analysis revealed a positive indirect link from self-confidence to self-evaluated performance via challenge appraisal and psychobiosocial experiences. Negative indirect links from worry and concentration disruption to self-evaluated performance through threat appraisal and psychobiosocial experiences were significant. A positive indirect effect from emotional arousal control to self-evaluated performance via psychobiosocial experiences was also shown. The findings are discussed in light of the MuSt theory.peerReviewe

Voisiko Tanskan työllisyysmalli tuoda joustavan työn mahdollisuudet myös Suomeen?

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Resolving phytoplankton pigments from spectral images using convolutional neural networks

Motivated by the need for rapid and robust monitoring of phytoplankton in inland waters, this article introduces a protocol based on a mobile spectral imager for assessing phytoplankton pigments from water samples. The protocol includes (1) sample concentrating; (2) spectral imaging; and (3) convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to resolve concentrations of chlorophyll a (Chl a), carotenoids, and phycocyanin. The protocol was demonstrated with samples from 20 lakes across Scotland, with special emphasis on Loch Leven where blooms of cyanobacteria are frequent. In parallel, samples were prepared for reference observations of Chl a and carotenoids by high-performance liquid chromatography and of phycocyanin by spectrophotometry. Robustness of the CNNs were investigated by excluding each lake from model trainings one at a time and using the excluded data as independent test data. For Loch Leven, median absolute percentage difference (MAPD) was 15% for Chl a and 36% for carotenoids. MAPD in estimated phycocyanin concentration was high (102%); however, the system was able to indicate the possibility of a cyanobacteria bloom. In the leave-one-out tests with the other lakes, MAPD was 26% for Chl a, 27% for carotenoids, and 75% for phycocyanin. The higher error for phycocyanin was likely due to variation in the data distribution and reference observations. It was concluded that this protocol could support phytoplankton monitoring by using Chl a and carotenoids as proxies for biomass. Greater focus on the distribution and volume of the training data would improve the phycocyanin estimates.peerReviewe

Vastuullinen vieraiden kielten opetus herättelee oppijan kieli- ja kulttuuritietoisuutta

Artikkelissa tarkastelemme kieli- ja kulttuuritietoisuutta osana vastuullista vieraiden kielten opetusta. Yhteiskunnan moninaistuessa opetussuunnitelman perusteet eri kouluasteilla asettavat opettajien tehtäväksi tukea oppijoiden kasvua kohti kulttuurista moninaisuutta ja kielitietoisuutta. Vieraiden kielten opetus nähdään johdatuksena kielikasvatukseen, ja kulttuuriseen osaamiseen liittyviä sisältöjä mainitaan eri oppimäärien oppimistavoitteissa.nonPeerReviewe

Developmental leisure reading profiles and their association with reading skills across Grades 1–9

This study examined the developmental profiles of different leisure reading habits and their association with reading fluency and comprehension in 2525 Finnish students from Grade 1 to 9. Four profiles were identified based on the reading frequency of different materials: Comics readers, Online readers, Book readers and Non-readers. Profile differences in leisure reading emerged early, although leisure reading levels changed. Boys were over-represented in the Comics readers and Non-readers, while girls were over-represented in the Online readers and Book readers. Book readers showed the highest level of reading skills, though Comics readers were also above-average readers. Among Online readers, girls had above average skills in reading while boys had below-average skills. Non-readers, especially boys, had the poorest reading skills. The study highlights the emergence of early onset individual differences in leisure reading habits and an association between different kinds of active leisure reading and reading development across grades. The educational relevance and implications statement Leisure reading is important as it can contribute to the evolution of a positive or negative cycle of reading development. Our study aimed to identify different leisure reading habits and their development and how these habits connect to reading skills. Our study revealed that there are different leisure reading profiles and that differences in these profiles emerge early. Our results indicate that although active book reading is associated with the best reading skills, other kinds of active reading also connect to above-average reading skills. Passivity in leisure reading is related to the poorest skills in reading. On the basis of these results, besides book reading, the reading of lighter materials like magazines, newspapers and comics, deserves to be encouraged. This kind of reading is connected to above-average skills and is popular especially among boys, who are at higher risk of ending up as passive leisure readers. Additionally, it might be important to target the reading motivation actions of children before they reach primary school age in the home and kindergarten settings to enhance the adoption of beneficial leisure reading habits before these are established.peerReviewe

Russian-Speaking Organisations in Finland Amidst Geopolitical Sensitivities

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Nutrient enrichment increases virulence in an opportunistic environmental pathogen, with greater effect at low bacterial doses

Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems is associated with an increased risk of pathogen infection via increased pathogen growth and host exposure via increased pathogen doses. Here we studied the effect of nutrients on the virulence of an opportunistic bacterial pathogen of fish, Flavobacterium columnare, in challenge experiments with rainbow trout fingerlings. We hypothesized that removing all nutrients by washing the bacteria would reduce virulence as compared to unwashed bacteria, but adding nutrients to the tank water would increase the virulence of the bacterium. Nutrient addition and increase in bacterial dose increased virulence for both unwashed and washed bacteria. For unwashed bacteria, the addition of nutrients reduced the survival probability of fish challenged with low bacterial doses more than for fish challenged with higher bacterial doses, suggesting activation of bacterial virulence factors. Washing and centrifugation reduced viable bacterial counts, and the addition of washed bacteria alone did not lead to fish mortality. However, a small addition of nutrient medium, 0.05% of the total water volume, added separately to the fish container, restored the virulence of the washed bacteria. Our results show that human-induced eutrophication could trigger epidemics of aquatic pathogens at the limits of their survival and affect their ecology and evolution by altering the dynamics between strains that differ in their growth characteristics.peerReviewe

Definition of Self in the World of Mobility : Multicultural Identity of Finnish Youth

This study contributes to the further understanding of the self-conceptualization of young Finnish people with multicultural backgrounds by analyzing their life stories. While all the participants in this study positioned themselves as a multicultural individual, their life stories demonstrated different ways to ‘become’ multicultural while living mobile lives and interacting with diverse people. This finding supports the social constructionist view of identity; identity is constructed through interactions with the people they engage with in their lives. My analysis proposes two key contributing factors to the participants’ self-conceptualization as a multicultural individual: 1) a link between their identities and linguistic self-confidence and 2) a sense of belonging to mobile people. First, it became apparent that for the participants in this study, who are multilingual, their level of confidence in different languages affects their motivation to participate in the community, which could be a barrier to maintaining some aspects of their cultural identity; speaking multiple languages was an important part of their multiculturality, which makes them desire to connect with new people through their use of language. Second, the participants tended to position themselves in multicultural settings, using the term “international community”, where they find people with whom they can share similar experiences in moving between languages and spaces. This finding indicates that young Finnish people who grew up in multicultural backgrounds feel a greater sense of belonging to a peer group with whom they could share similar mobility experiences, rather than to a community related to nationality or a common mother tongue. The self-positioning of people who have lived mobile lives is based on invisible factors such as their past experiences, which is an important theme that will require further investigation in the future. The participants’ life stories also demonstrated potential challenges faced by young Finns with multicultural roots. Such challenges indicated dominant discourses in Finnish society, including Othering and racialized “Finnishness”, as well as inadequate openness to inclusivity and a need for developing a global mindset. Among the participants in this study, those who did not conform to the traditional physical image of Finns shared their experiences of racism and othering in the interviews. This implies a traditional and limited definition of“Finnishness”, which results in the marginalization of multicultural youth in Finnish society who do not fit into such definitions. Shedding light on the voices of such multicultural individuals and exploring the realities they face will continue to be necessary to achieve a society in which multicultural individuals in similar circumstances can feel included

Brief online ACT intervention to improve adolescents’ well-being : Effectiveness among adolescents with depressive symptoms during COVID-19

Background: The mental health and well-being of children and adolescents declined globally during the COVID-19 pandemic. Young people need support, yet relatively few receive psychological help, even among those who experience psychological symptoms. The existing options for support that focus on the traditional one-on-one treatment delivery approach require alternatives that can be widely disseminated. Purpose: The current study examined the effectiveness of a brief acceptance- and values-based online intervention for alleviating symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression and for improving psychological flexibility among adolescents who experience depressive symptoms. Methods: A total of 43 adolescents reporting elevated levels of depression symptoms who were selected from a total of 348 adolescents were randomized to receive a five-week intervention with support from a coach and/or virtual coach or to participate in the treatment-as-usual control condition. Results: The results suggest that the online intervention alleviated symptoms of depression and anxiety, while adolescents who received only the usual support from their schools reported increasing symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic (Cohen’s d = 0.70 and d = 0.66, respectively). Conclusions: The online intervention is a promising alternative to respond to the increased need for support among young people who experience ill-being. Technology-based approaches can increase the reach of evidence-based psychological support while also offering an acceptable and motivating approach to young people who may not actively seek traditional face-to-face treatment. The current results support the inclusion of online support in the services provided to young people facing mental health problems.peerReviewe