Elementary School Physical Education Teachers' Perceptions of Strengthening Character Education in Physical Education

The government has been implementing the Strengthening Character Education (PPK) program since 2016, mandating teachers, including Physical Education (PE) teachers, to integrate character values into the learning process. However, practical implementation often needs to be improved, with character values being documented mainly in administrative records like learning plans. Preliminary studies in the Sumedang district reveal a need for more emphasis on the affective domain, as PE teachers tend to focus on the psychomotor domain. So, in-depth research must be conducted on this topic. This research, a case study involving 10 PE teachers in Sumedang Regency, explores their perceptions of character education. The data were collected by distributing short questionnaires to collect participant demographic data; ten people participated in semi-structured interviews. Through inductive and thematic data analysis, themes voiced by participants were identified, evaluated, and created with the help of NVivo 12 Pro. Significant findings emerged through open questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, which included teacher understanding, urgency, challenges, learning strategies in integrating character values, and PPK's contribution to improving holistic student development. This research contributes to improving the quality of physical education learning in elementary schools, which is oriented toward strengthening character education. These insights are crucial for policymakers, curriculum writers, and educators to enhance character education in physical learning

The Impact of Student Psychological Factors on Self-Regulation in Learning in Primary Schools

Regulation in effective learning can achieve knowledge and understanding of the material. However, in reality in the field, student self-regulation is still low. This is urgent to research because there are differences in theory, expectations, and reality in the field, so the research aims to analyze the influence of psychological factors on elementary school students' regulatory learning. The psychological factors studied are self-efficacy, orientation, and beliefs about intelligence. Quantitative research methods. The subjects were elementary school students with a sample of 639. The data collection technique used an instrument with the Beliefs of Intelligence Scale. Analysis techniques using Statistics version 25.0 with the Pearson correlation r test and Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis were used to analyze the research data. The results and findings show that the Regression Model of intrinsic goal orientation, self-efficacy, and entity trust contributes 31.3% in the good category. Change variance in self-regulated learning. The influence of intrinsic goal orientation is the highest, followed by self-efficacy and entity trust. This self-psychology model contributes to elementary school students' self-regulation learning. In conclusion, self-psychological factors must be considered to produce students who are more independent in independent learning. This research means that schools can shape student psychology independently

Innovation of Flipbook Teaching Materials in Supporting Student Learning Independence

Currently, it is still rare to find teaching materials that are innovative and use technology, so they have an impact on decreasing student motivation and independence in learning. The purpose of this study was to describe the stages of developing teaching materials, determine the validity and practicality of the teaching materials produced and determine the level of independence of students after using these teaching materials. This type of research is research and development by adapting the 4D development model. The steps are Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The subjects in this study were 16 fifth grade students and teachers at SD Negeri 173 Gaya Baru, Tellu Limpoe District, Bone Regency. The instruments used in this study were interview guidelines, validation sheets, student and teacher response questionnaires and learning independence questionnaires. The results showed that the resulting product was in the form of Flipbook teaching materials with the help of the Publuu application which was developed containing material in the form of reading materials, pictures, videos and evaluation through 3 stages of define, design and development. The data from the material expert validation results is 96.9% in the valid category and the media expert validation results are 76.6% which are in the valid category. In addition, the practicality test shows that the average student response is 89% and the teacher's response is 90.26% which is in a very high practicality category, so that it influences student learning independence. This flipbook-shaped teaching material makes a contribution to elementary schools for use in the learning process, because it is practical and flexible

The Effect of Self-Regulated Learning Modules on Academic Procrastination and Critical Thinking Skills of Primary School Teacher Education Students of UNS

This research aims to determine the effect of the self-regulated learning module on academic procrastination and critical thinking abilities among college students in the PGSD (Primary School Teacher Education) program at Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS). This study follows an experimental design with a quasi-experimental approach. The research population comprises students enrolled in the PGSD program at UNS, with a sample size of 67 students. The sample group was divided into an experimental class and a control class. The experimental class consisted of 34 students from class 2E, while the control class comprised 33 students from class 2F. Content validity assessment using Aiken’s V confirmed the validity of all research instruments were valid. The reliability of the instruments, as measured by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, indicated their reliability, with a coefficient value of 0.833 for the academic procrastination scale and 0.713 for the critical thinking test. The hypothesis testing employed a Manova Test for Multivariate Analysis. The results demonstrate a significant simultaneous effect of self-regulated learning modules on academic procrastination and critical thinking skills among PGSD students at UNS, with a significance value (Sig.) in the Multivariate Test of 0.000, which is less than 0.05. These research findings can positively impact students by enhancing their understanding and application of self-regulation in learning—a crucial skill to develop. Moreover, the outcomes of this experimental research can motivate students to invest more effort in improving the quality of their learning experiences, leading to a reduction in academic procrastination levels and an enhancement of critical thinking skills

The Effect of the STEM Learning Model on IPA Learning Outcomes of Grade 4 Students at SD Negeri 2 Kotabunan

The low outcome of IPA (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam/Science) learning in the Ecosystem topic is a problem in this research so that the use of the STEM learning model is expected to improve IPA learning outcomes. The population in this study was SD Negeri 2 Kotabunan sampled using a cluster random sampling technique and 20 students in Grade 4A and 20 students in Grade 4B were the samples in this study. This research is quasi-experimental using a control group design. The data were collected using test and questionnaires instruments and analyzed using the T test. Test results showed that the significance value was 0.0010.005, or it can be concluded that the STEM learning model affected IPA learning outcomes in the Ecosystem topic. Thus, the STEM learning model can be implemented in learning because it has an effect and can improve the learning outcomes of elementary school students

Digital Leadership Influencing the Capabilities of Early Childhood Education Organizations in School Mover I Bandung

The study aims to investigate the challenges and issues arising from the impact of digital leadership and organizational capabilities on Early Childhood Education (ECE) School Mover in Bandung City. This includes understanding how these factors may hinder or enhance the educational environment in such institutions. This research examines the influence of digital leadership and organizational capabilities in Early Childhood Education (ECE) School Mover in Bandung City. The author used the Structure Equation Model (SEM) in conjunction with quantitative methods on a sample of 238 participants. Results indicate that all indicators on both variables effectively reflect the latent variables, and show a strong level of validity. These findings underscore the significance of digital leadership in enhancing educational organizational capabilities. Even though ECE is part of School Mover, with the vision "Freedom to Learn, Freedom to Play," this research reveals that there is still a gap between the need for digitalization in education and the ability of ECE organizations to adopt digital technology. Efforts to overcome this inequality must include technology training for teaching staff, support from the government, adequate budget allocation, and a leadership model that can lead ECE organizations in adopting digital technology. The demonstrated strong correlation between digital leadership and organizational capabilities underscores the need for targeted interventions to bridge the digital leadership implementation gap in ECE

What are the Difficulties of Teachers in Implementing Integrated Thematic Learning on the Previous Curriculum in Elementary Schools?

The educational curriculum is continuously changing according to technological developments. The Merdeka Curriculum is here to perfect the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. Implementation of the 2013 curriculum at the elementary school level is carried out through integrated thematic learning. This study aims to analyze the difficulties faced by teachers in implementing integrated thematic learning in the 2013 curriculum in elementary schools. This research uses a mixed-methods approach and uses a literature review technique to examine the difficulties of implementing integrated thematic learning. This mixed-methods study involved 133 elementary school teachers in Payakumbuh City as respondents. The research instrument was a closed statement questionnaire about the difficulties faced by the teacher and an open question questionnaire about the reasons and causes of the difficulties. The results of the research show that the main difficulties experienced by teachers in planning, implementing, and assessing integrated thematic learning are that teachers have difficulty in preparing learning media to facilitate the achievement of basic competencies (39.9%), teachers have difficulty connecting concepts between subjects so that the separation between subjects in the lesson is not very clear (50.4%), and teachers have difficulty assessing student portfolios (47.4%). Teachers say that they find it difficult to determine the right learning model, method, or strategy that covers all the material and students' needs. Teachers also have difficulty implementing integrated thematic learning with several subjects that require a lot of time

Development of QR Code-Based Booklet to Prevent Inhalant Abuse of Elementary School Students in Palopo City

This research is motivated by the many cases of narcotics abuse in Indonesia which have now been found in various regions including the city of Palopo. This study aims to educate the public from an early age about the dangers of narcotics and hazardous substances such as inhalant abuse as a preventive measure for the development of narcotics cases in Indonesia, especially in Palopo City. This research uses the RD method by developing a QR Code-based booklet as educational media for elementary school students and teachers. The results of this study found that the QR Code-based booklet product to prevent inhalant abuse behavior in elementary school students was declared valid or feasible to use. Furthermore, the teacher's response in the practicality test of the QR Code-based booklet to prevent inhalant abuse behavior was declared practical to use. In this study, it was also found that there was an increase in learning outcomes before and after the application of QR Code-based booklets to prevent inhalant abuse behavior

Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Empathy and Empathic Thinking Skills

Empathy, a crucial social skill that can lead to positive results, has gained more attention in recent years. This study aims to systematically examine research on empathy and empathy skills. For this purpose, within the scope of the research, studies on empathy and empathic thinking skills were subjected to bibliometric analysis. Analyzing bibliographic information is one of the most important methods for tracking aspects of scholarly communication, assessing research trends, and determining the priorities of research fields. Since this study focuses on the trends of studies on empathy and empathic thinking skills, the method of the research was determined as bibliometric analysis. The study group of the research consists of between the years 2013-2023 1135 articles accessed from the Web of Science database. According to the first finding of the research, it was seen that studies on empathy were mostly published in 2014. Additionally, most of the studies were published in the journal "Social Cognitive".The third observation is that most research is conducted in the health field. Following it were psychology and education. A fourth conclusion was that the correlation design, one of the quantitative research methods, was preferred. Additionally, It was determined that the sample levels of the studies were primarily adults and university students, and the sample size was between 31-100. It was observed that descriptive analysis, correlation, and ANOVA were mainly used in data analysis of the studies. In light of the findings obtained from the research, it is suggested that empathy-based studies can be carried out with preschool, primary school, and young children, and the number of meta-analysis and meta-synthesis studies can be increased

Development of Pedagogical Competence Scale for Lecturers in Universities Using Item Response Theory

To ascertain whether lecturers had the pedagogical competency skill needed in impacting students with necessary skills they need outside school, this study developed a scale to measure Lecturers’ Pedagogical Competence (LPCS) in universities using item response theory. The pedagogical competence of university lecturers was assessed using a set of items designed and evaluated the scale's construct validity. The initial scale consisted of a 70-item four options Likert-type. The multi-stage sampling procedure was employed. Proportional sampling was used to choose four universities in South Western Nigeria. At each of the institutions selected, 20% of the staff population was selected from all faculties using stratified random sampling with a cadre as a stratum. Thus, 906 lecturers from federal universities and 294 were selected from federal state universities, respectively. In all, 1,086 of the 1200 lecturers selected completed the study's instrument. The results showed that four of the six optimal factors underlying lecturers’ pedagogical competence were reliable. Eventually, 20 can measure LPC. Furthermore, the LPCS showed validity by optimally measuring the theoretical construct underlying the scale. Evaluation of learning outcome; managing student behavior during lecture; using ICT to Enhance learning; and lecturers’ student interaction remains the most important factors in LPCS