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    Elaboration of p-type Ge doped MnSiy_y (1.73 < y < 1.77) thermoelectric legs with complex shapes by binder jetting additive manufacturing technique

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    International audienceThermoelectric legs with complex geometries exhibit high potential interest for fatal heat conversion into electricity due to higher thermal dissipation. Additive manufacturing (AM)is a solution of choice to decrease the manufacturing cost of thermoelectric legs that are historically requiring lengthy and costly fabrication processes and it gives the possibility of custom legs geometry. Nevertheless, microcracks and high porosity are commonly present by using this kind of process for thermoelectric materials leading to by limited performances. This work reports the possibility to manufacture n type Ge doped MnSi y (1.73 < y < 1.77) thermoelectric legs with various shapes without microcracks and with low porosity using the binder jetting AM technique followed by a Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) step. The Mn15_{15}Si26_{26} phase in the samples is systematically present, the samples density can reach 98 %. A power factor of 1130 µW.m1^{-1}K2^{-2} was reached at 350° C which is within the range of those obtained by the conventional technique of elaboration, proving that the material is not degraded using this novel route. It is mainly due to the good density and the absence of microcracks. Elaboration of legs with various geometry (cuboid and layered) was done to demonstrate the interest of this innovation manufacturing route. The benefit impact of the geometry was evaluated in term of voltages by a comparison measurement between a cuboid and a layered sample for which a remarkable gain of 16.5 % (at an applied temperature of 74.7° C) was obtained for the layered sample due to a better thermal dissipation

    Entrelacs biographique: Un destin singulier au cœur du premier XXe siècle

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    International audienceAttaché à une histoire vue d’en bas, ce récit interroge les aspirations et les infortunes d’un jardinier de la Manche pendant l’entre-deux-guerres, puis sa détention au stalag XI A entre 1940 et 1945. Porté par son petit-fils, ce travail biographique lève le voile sur les non-dits familiaux et éclaire la vie de cet homme issu des classes communes de la première moitié du XXe siècle. Face à des sources lacunaires, l’auteur reconstitue patiemment cette trajectoire singulière, tout en questionnant les méthodes d’écriture historique et les procédés narratifs pour restituer la personnalité et les émotions de son aïeul. Cette quête donne naissance à un récit hybride, où le lecteur navigue entre le vécu du jardinier et les incertitudes du biographe. Croisant histoire sociale, mémoires familiales et réflexions épistémologiques, cet ouvrage explore une écriture alternative des sciences sociales se donnant pour mission le partage du sensible. Manifestes d’intention, fragments de carnet de captivité, récit de vie : autant de matériaux mis à disposition pour offrir une expérience de lecture immersive et originale

    Transcatheter vs. surgical aortic valve replacement in women: the RHEIA trial

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    International audienceBackground and aims: Although women with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis have more complications than men when undergoing surgical valve replacement, they are under-represented in clinical trials. The Randomized researcH in womEn all comers wIth Aortic stenosis (RHEIA) trial investigates the balance of benefits and risks of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) vs. surgery in women.Methods: Women were randomized 1:1 to transfemoral TAVI with a balloon-expandable valve or surgery. The primary composite endpoint was death, stroke, or (valve, procedure or heart failure related) rehospitalization at 1 year. Non-inferiority testing with a pre-specified 6% margin and superiority testing were performed in the as-treated population.Results: At 48 European centres, 443 women underwent randomization, and 420 were treated as randomized. Mean age was 73 years, and the mean estimated surgical risk of death was 2.1% (Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score). Kaplan-Meier estimates of the primary endpoint event rates at 1 year were 8.9% in the TAVI and 15.6% in the surgery group. This difference of -6.8% with an upper 95% confidence limit of -1.5% demonstrated the non-inferiority of TAVI (P < .001). The two-sided 95% confidence interval of -13.0% to -.5% further resulted in superiority (P = .034). The 1-year incidence of the primary endpoint components was: .9% with TAVI vs. 2.0% with surgery for death from any cause, 3.3% vs. 3.0% for stroke, and 5.8% vs. 11.4% for rehospitalization.Conclusions: Among women with severe aortic stenosis, the incidence of the composite of death, stroke, or rehospitalization at 1 year was lower with TAVI than with surgery.Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT04160130

    Truncated sequential guaranteed estimation for the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross models

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    The drift sequential parameter estimation problems for the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) processes under the limited duration of observation are studied. Truncated sequential estimation methods for both scalar and two-dimensional parameter cases are proposed. In the non-asymptotic setting, for the proposed truncated estimators, the properties of guaranteed mean-square estimation accuracy are established. In the asymptotic formulation, when the observation time tends to infinity, it is shown that the proposed sequential procedures are asymptotically optimal among all possible sequential and non-sequential estimates with an average estimation time less than the fixed observation duration. It also turned out that asymptotically, without degrading the estimation quality, they significantly reduce the observation duration compared to classical non-sequential maximum likelihood estimations based on a fixed observation duration

    L'enseignement supérieur entre professionnalisation et universitarisation. Des intentions affichées aux injonctions managériales

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    Notes de la rédaction. Le dossier de ce numéro est publié conjointement avec la revue Phronesis. Coordination :— Phronesis : Philippe Maubant, Université de Sherbrooke ; Richard Wittorski, Université de Rouen-Normandie.— Éducation et socialisation : Eric Maleyrot et Thérèse Perez-Roux, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3.Dossier - Philippe Maubant, Thérèse Perez-Roux, Richard Wittorski et Eric MaleyrotL’enseignement supérieur entre professionnalisation et universitarisation : des intentions affichées aux injonctions managérialesIdentifier les fondements idéologiques et politiques du tournant de la professionnalisation dans l'enseignement supérieur - Claire HeijboerL’Usagent au cœur des réformes de l’enseignement supérieur : vers une pédagogie de « formation par la recherche et avec la société »The “Usagent” at the Heart of Higher Education Reforms: toward a Pedagogy of “Learning Through Research and With Society.” - Gilles Rault et Hugues PentecouteauLa transformation de la formation professionnelle continue et les conséquences sur l’université. Analyse critique d’une expérienceThe transformation of continuing vocational training and the consequences for universities. Critical analysis of an experiment - Thérèse Perez-Roux et Eric MaleyrotÉvolutions de la formation initiale des enseignants : entre logique managériale gestionnaire et vécu des pilotes-formateurs Changes in initial teacher training: between managerial logic and the experience of pilot trainersDécrire et analyser les effets du virage professionnalisant sur les organisations, les apprenants et les acteurs responsables de sa mise en oeuvre - Rachel Metzger, Jérôme Eneau et Jacques AudranEnseignant-chercheur des écoles d’architecture : unicité d’un statut, pluralité d’identités professionnelles Universitarization of schools of architecture: professionalization and the professional identities of teacher-researchers - Gilles PinteLe métier d’enseignant-chercheur questionné par la mise en place de l’approche par compétences dans les Instituts Universitaires de Technologie The profession of teacher-researcher called into question by the introduction of the skills-based approach in University Institutes of Technology - Patrick LechauxCe que le virage de la professionnalisation supérieure fait aux disciplines académiques : vers une « nouvelle disciplinarité » ? Les cursus universitaires en protection de l’enfance comme analyseur What the shift towards higher professionalization does to academic disciplines : towards a « new disciplinarity » ? University curricula in child protection as an analytical too

    ON THE ADM MASS OF CRITICAL AREA-NORMALIZED CAPACITORS

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    In this note, we prove mass-capacity inequalities for asymptotically flat manifolds whose boundary capacity potential satisfies an overdetermined problem, referred to as critical area-normalized capacitors. As a consequence, we obtain uniqueness results for the Schwarzschild metric, from which improvements in the uniqueness theorems for spin asymptotically flat spacetimes containing a connected photon surface, as well as for spin asymptotically flat static manifolds with boundary are obtained

    Mayotte et les fléaux

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    International audienc

    Un quartier culturel et créatif en banlieue ? Centralité périphérique, dynamique artistique et changement urbain dans le cas du canal de l’Ourcq (Nord-Est parisien)

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    International audienceCette communication analyse les réalités et enjeux des arts et de la culture dans la ville, au prisme des "périphéries" urbaines. À partir du cas du canal de l'Ourcq (Nord-Est parisien), des perspectives conceptuelles sont ouvertes autour de la notion de centralité périphérique et de l'ambivalence du rôle joué par les arts dans les trajectoires socio-urbaines

    Les déterminants des distances domicile-travail : cas des aires urbaines françaises métropolitaines.

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    We estimate urban form effects on commuting distances within French urban areas using cross-sectional analysis (1999, 2007 and 2014). A stronger concentration of jobs relative to population within urban areas appears to significantly influence commuting distances. However, our estimates suggest relatively weak effects. Average distances between residence location and workplace would decrease by 10% whether jobs and population were equally distributed within urban areas. Our results show that commuting distances depend on many parameters that differ with spatial distribution of jobs within urban areas (density, demographics and public transport).Nous estimons les effets des formes urbaines sur les distances domicile-travail au sein des aires urbaines françaises par une analyse en coupe (1999, 2007 et 2014). La plus grande concentration géographique des emplois par rapport à la population au sein des aires urbaines semble influencer significativement les distances domicile-travail. Cependant, nos estimations suggèrent des effets relativement faibles. Les distances moyennes entre lieu de résidence et lieu d’emploi diminueraient de 10% si la répartition spatiale des emplois était identique à celle de la population au sein des aires urbaines. Nos résultats montrent que les distances domicile-travail dépendent de nombreux paramètres autres que la répartition spatiale des emplois au sein des aires urbaines (densité, démographie et transports en communs)

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