Leveraging Ethical Narratives to Enhance LLM‐AutoML Generated Machine Learning Models

The growing popularity of generative AI and large language models (LLMs) has sparked innovation alongside debate, particularly around issues of plagiarism and intellectual property law. However, a less-discussed concern is the quality of code generated by these models, which often contains errors and encourages poor programming practices. This paper proposes a novel solution by integrating LLMs with automated machine learning (AutoML). By leveraging AutoML's strengths in hyperparameter tuning and model selection, we present a framework for generating robust and reliable machine learning (ML) algorithms. Our approach incorporates natural language processing (NLP) and natural language understanding (NLU) techniques to interpret chatbot prompts, enabling more accurate and customisable ML model generation through AutoML. To ensure ethical AI practices, we have also introduced a filtering mechanism to address potential biases and enhance accountability. The proposed methodology not only demonstrates practical implementation but also achieves high predictive accuracy, offering a viable solution to current challenges in LLM-based code generation. In summary, this paper introduces a new application of NLP and NLU to extract features from chatbot prompts, feeding them into an AutoML system to generate ML algorithms. This approach is framed within a rigorous ethical framework, addressing concerns of bias and accountability while enhancing the reliability of code generation

Using fairy tale to make sense of our lived experience of motherhood and academia:A duoethnography through the woods

In this chapter, we explore how our autoethnographic method of storying the self (Marr & Moriarty, 2023) supports us, as women academics and mothers, to navigate expectations in the colonised, patriarchal environment of Higher Education. Using Little Red Riding Hood as a focus, we narrate our experiences of motherhood in academia from the perspective of the girl’s mother and grandmother, exploring and subverting the many interpretations of this tale as tools to explore the concept of mother in our roles. We choose fairy tales because for many of us, they are a part of our cultural history, informing early beliefs and values around identity, marriage, gender roles, our families, and relationships. Warner writes that fairy tales reflect “lived experience, with a slant towards the tribulations of women.” (2014, p,xix). We agree with Celia Hunt (2000) who states that fictionalizing autobiographical experiences can provide spaces where a creative writer can expand the possibilities for self, and that by storying the self, we are able to express ourselves in a way that offers us permission to be different to who we are, or/and how people have chosen to perceive us. As one researcher from creative writing and another from art, we acknowledge that bringing different disciplines together in dialogue opens up new ways of thinking and being that can nourish our research-led practice and sense of self. We embrace an inherently interdisciplinary methodology, which, as Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi explains: “being able to braid together ideas and emotions from disparate domains is one way writers express their creativity” (p.263). In our collaborative autoethnographic approach (Chang et al., 2018), we adopt a playful and imaginative stance that enables us to challenge problematic stereotypes in fairy stories and reimagine ourselves from a position that gives us a more objective place from which to examine and reflect on our lived experiences mothers (Marr & Moriarty, 2021)

Disrupting the Visual Hegemony of Representation:Developing a Sustainable Practice-based Curriculum in Spatial Design Education

Making (from architectural models to prototypes and methods of building construction) has traditionally been considered a core value in the educational practice of spatial design. However, students are increasingly rejecting this method as a means of expressing their concepts and solutions. There is an increase in the perceived value of digitally focused processes, like 3D prototyping or AR/VR to describe the intended experience of designed spaces, and with this rise of digital proficiency follows an institutional acceptance of the demise of ‘craft’ skills (McInerney 2023). While this may be encouraged from perceived expectations of industry, a singular reliance on digital visualization processes conceals more holistic issues. Digital visualization such as VR removes the ability to appreciate the environment by emphasizing the visual in experience, a concept stemming from the evolution of gaming where movement awareness equates to survival. Beyond the primacy of the visual, concepts of difference and disability are irrelevant; touch, smell, and taste are, at best, relegated to supplements, with concepts of proprioception and spatial orientation completely demoted to visual stimuli. Such processes also tend towards isolating, subjective events- taking you ‘somewhere else’, sterile places, generic and insensitive to local contexts of culture, skill or material. This denial of social and cultural collective experience central to any sustainable practice impoverishes the student experience. This paper outlines approaches that aim to positively disrupt the lean towards purely visual and ‘abled’ culture (Boys 2020) in architectural education. Our ambition for haptic, making-based learning in higher education is not to deny digital media, but integrate it in more diverse pathways to design, to provide platforms that allow students to ground it as tools with real world value, and able to question the consequences of the current canon of components, products, and regulations that frame architectural possibility.<br/

Local Businesses as Boundary Actors in Biosphere Reserves:Capturing the Potential of Business Stakeholders to Communicate and Mediate Biocultural Heritage Tourism Values

This paper examines the interrelationships between Biosphere Reserves and tourism businesses in the only urban UNESCO Biosphere Reserve (BR) in the United Kingdom, ‘The Living Coast’ (Brighton and Lewes Downs BR). The scope for the role of tourism business stakeholders as ‘boundary actors’ (Guston 2001; Kim and Branwell 2019, Kirsop-Taylor and Russell 2022) is explored, both conceptually and practically, whereby the spatiality of the biosphere both hosts and frames the sustainable activities encouraged within it. Here we conceptualise the key boundaries as those between science, policy, and implementation (hence also including businesses, communities, and visitors) as well as the spatial boundaries inherent in the BR (core area, buffer zones and transition areas) which enable sustainable development approaches to be trialled within the BR boundary. We highlight how tourism businesses act as mediators who convey the values of the biosphere (i.e. sustainable development), or indeed, through a series of processes, are encouraged to align with them for reciprocity of benefits. Nature-based protected areas, such as national parks may find it easier to brand themselves as environmentally sustainable places (Aschenbrand &amp; Michler 2021), while urban BRs often face complex realities around economic and social challenges. The Living Coast BR in Sussex, southern England, encapsulates rural countryside, the city of Brighton and Hove, and a coastal zone, extending from the shore two kilometres out to sea. Its topographic diversity and spatially uneven development present unique characteristics that work as a useful ‘living lab’ through which to explore the challenges that natural and cultural heritage-based tourism or Biocultural Heritage (BCH) tourism faces in relation to policy, practice, and strategic destination development. This paper examines: (i) how to engage with Biocultural Heritage tourism businesses (businesses for whom nature and heritage is a central part of the their value proposition) to promote awareness of the BR’s values, and thereby communicate those values, in turn, to their visitors; (ii) the role of BCHT businesses in curating ‘images of place’ for both place-keeping and practical, value-led biosphere reserve destination marketing in an urban BR; and (iii) the potential for positioning biosphere reserves as ‘living labs’ whereby tourism businesses drive responsible enterprise behaviour change through the creation of a dynamic suite of best practices. Tourism businesses perform in collaboration with a geographically diverse space and other stakeholders, as boundary actors - communicating values, actions, imagery and visitor experiences within and outside the space itself. Bedoya (2012) emphasises the importance of place-keeping, which is of particular relevance to BCHT, noting that places evolve with time – ‘making’ what they need (infrastructure, development, technology) and ‘keeping’ what they value (culture, heritage, traditions). BRs offer a useful way to examine the interplay between protected space, tourism potential and the actors that move within and through the boundaries of that space.This paper discusses work conducted in the Brighton and Lewes Downs BR during a four year European-funded regional development project investigating the potential for expanding BCHT in four BRs in England and France (Price et al. 2022, Wilkinson et al. 2022, Wilkinson and Coles 2023). Tourism businesses in the realm of ‘biocultural heritage’ (Wilkinson, 2019) were defined and classified in the biosphere region for the research sample, in collaboration with the destination management organisation. For awareness-building, they were invited to participate in knowledge-exchange and networking events about the BR, including the creation of a ‘BCHT Academy.’ Subsequently, resources were co-created between the research team, BR staff and businesses at various stages of the project to help businesses align with the biosphere ethos. These resources included a toolkit (containing images and text they could use in marketing), a series of tourist/visitor personas (informed from a large visitor survey), a range of prototype visitor experiences (developed by biosphere staff and tourism experts), and a cross-border business charter with examples of actions they could take. Interviews and coaching sessions were also undertaken with 11 businesses in the Living Coast over the duration of 18 months to closer align them with the ethos of this biosphere. The aim of these combined methodologies was the sequential delivery of biosphere reserve value-communication, engagement, application/uptake of those values and co-creative destination development at multiple scales: businesses, biosphere reserve, and the tourism authority.This paper reports on the experiences and challenges of co-developing tourism products in the Living Coast BR with tourism businesses. Key results show that, by working collaboratively with and creating appropriate materials and messaging to businesses, they can become key boundary actors in helping to (co-)promote the ideals and missions of destinations directly to visitors. Practical outcomes of the research resulted in the creation of a BCH tourism business directory, a master-planning toolkit (decision-support tool for tourism sustainability), and a tangible, digital asset repository of professional images, text, and films to be used by BCHT businesses and the DMO for wider BR destination marketing. The researchers (and an artist) created high-impact visual pictorials to communicate three future scenarios to enhance understanding of engagement/non-engagement for businesses with biosphere values: ‘Business as Usual’, ‘Custodianship’ or ‘No-Control, Profit-Led’. Buy-in for responsible tourism enterprise lies at the heart of the ethos of this research and wider BCHT project itself.Consistent with a living labs approach, the research demonstrates the usefulness of an experimental approach to collaborative BCH tourism implementation (using a suite of different business support, marketing and messaging materials) for increasing buy-in from the business community regarding sustainability and promoting biocultural heritage assets (place-keeping). In this way, businesses play a role as key boundary actors who are in direct communication with visitors and can communicate key sustainability and BR values and messages through their practices and activities (placemaking). The impact of this research speaks to new ways of positioning BRs as ‘living labs’ for tourism businesses. Protected area status, through BR designation, offers enhanced sustainable tourism potential through value-aligned destination marketing. This potential can only begin to be enacted through engagement with the right tourism businesses who deliver products, services, and experiences to visitors from within and outside the borders of the bounded space itself. Boundary actors can therefore absorb, communicate, and produce biospheres’ sustainability agendas if structures and processes enable them to do so.<br/

Involvement Of Fathers And Siblings In Home Rehabilitation Programmes Of Children With Neuro-Developmental Delay: Insights From Rehabilitation Professionals In Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

BackgroundNeuro-developmental delays (NDDs) present significant challenges for children and families, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Full family participation in home rehabilitation programmes is essential for optimal functional outcomes. However, the involvement of fathers and siblings is suboptimal and underexplored. This study investigates the perspectives of rehabilitation professionals on the involvement of fathers and/or siblings in home rehabilitation programmes for children with NDD in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.MethodsA qualitative exploratory study was conducted. Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) with 18 rehabilitation professionals. The FGDs were transcribed verbatim, coded, and thematically analysed.ResultsRehabilitation professionals highlighted the critical role of fathers and siblings in home rehabilitation; noting fathers' emotional support and provision of financial stability and siblings' contributions to social interactions and play therapy. Barriers to involvement included cultural norms and time constraints for fathers, while siblings faced challenges such as limited age-appropriate understanding and the emotional burden of coping with the caregiving role.ConclusionAccording to rehabilitation professionals, involving fathers and siblings seems important for successful home rehabilitation of children with NDD. Addressing cultural and practical barriers to participation requires context-specific strategies, including culturally sensitive community outreach programmes and targeted interventions to promote family-centred care. Such efforts could help overcome these barriers, fostering greater participation of fathers and siblings and enhancing the effectiveness of home rehabilitation within the local context.<br/

'Humanity in Action':Edith Tudor Hart's child-centred social photography

The work of the Austrian-British exile photographer Edith Tudor-Hart (1908–1973) is presented in a new and extensive retrospective in the photo book »A Clear View in Turbulent Times«. Her life is traced in detail in the authors’ texts.As a central protagonist of social documentary photography between 1930 and 1955, Edith Tudor-Hart drew attention to social grievances and dealt with topics such as poverty, integration and women’s rights and portrayed the living conditions of the working class. Her work is also characterized by avant-garde elements of »New Vision« and made an important contribution to the depiction of progressive educational methods, modernist architecture and modern dance

Gravity effects on lower limb perfusion observed during a series of parabolic flights

The present observational study simultaneously measured four key factors (arterial oxygenation, superficial tissue oxygenation, peripheral skin temperature, toe systolic pressure) to determine the impact on lower limb perfusion in altered gravity conditions. 24 healthy test subjects (16 male, 8 female) took part onboard a series of parabolic flights. When comparing lower limb perfusion values to 1G (control/Earth’s gravity) the study found: 1) no significant difference between arterial oxygenation values in hyper or microgravity was detected when using a pulse oximeter; 2) a significant difference in superficial tissue oxygenation in hyper and microgravity was detected by white light spectroscopy; 3) a significant difference in skin temperature of the foot was detected by thermography in hyper and microgravity; 4) an insufficient sample could be obtained for toe systolic pressure. Reduction in superficial tissue oxygenation and peripheral skin temperature in microgravity compared to 1G, potentially suggests a reduction in blood flow. White light spectroscopy and thermography devices demonstrated they functioned as usual in altered gravity conditions potentially offering a quick, reliable method of assessing the acute effects of hyper and microgravity on lower limb perfusion. These methods may be useful to predict healing potential when injuries occur and highlight early warning signs of tissue damage due to poor perfusion. However, additional work to further establish the impact on oxygen transport in the superficial tissues in both acute and sustained microgravity would be beneficial