Pädagogische Diagnostik

Pädagogische Diagnostik ist eine Erkenntnisbemühung für die Grundlage von pädagogischen Entscheidungen. Im Alltag von Bildungseinrichtungen werden Leistungen und Kompetenzen implizit oder explizit bewertet. Immer dann findet auch pädagogische Diagnostik statt. Pädagogische Diagnostik ist eine nachvollziehbare und dokumentierbare Handlung mit dem Ziel, pädagogische Maßnahmen auszuwählen, zu begleiten und zu beobachten. Dieses Buch richtet sich an alle Personen in Bildungseinrichtungen und insbesondere an Studierende des Lehramts, der Sonderpädagogik und Schulpsychologie. Das Buch ist als Einführungswerk angelegt und stellt die Grundbegriffe und Konzepte von pädagogischer Diagnostik in Bildungseinrichtungen vor. Hierbei werden die verschiedenen Formen von Tests sowie die Grundlagen des Messens skizziert und in Bezug auf die pädagogische Diagnostik von Lernschwierigkeiten dargestellt

Is the Habitual Dietary Intake of Foods of Plant or Animal Origin Associated with Circulating Hemostatic Factors?—Results of the Population-Based KORA-Fit Study

Blood coagulation is a complex physiological process critical for maintaining hemostasis, and disruptions in this system can lead to various health complications. Since the effects of specific food groups on a series of circulating coagulation parameters in the population are not well established, this study examines such associations in the population-based KORA-Fit study. A total of 595 subjects (263 men and 332 women) born between 1945 and 1964 and living in the study region of Augsburg were included in the study. Habitual food intake was estimated based on a combination of repeated 24-h food lists (24HFLs) and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Antithrombin III, D-dimers, factor VIII, fibrinogen, protein C, protein S, aPTT, Quick value and INR were measured in citrate plasma. Multivariable linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between the consumption of specific foods of plant or animal origin and hemostatic factors. We found that the consumption of plant-based food groups, including green leafy vegetables (rich in vitamin K1), were hardly associated with coagulation parameters. Surprisingly, a high consumption of dairy products and especially butter were associated with higher D-dimer concentrations. These findings need further evaluation in prospective studies

In Vivo Investigation of 3D-Printed Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Wedges in Partial Load Defects

Bone substitutes are ideally biocompatible, osteoconductive, degradable and defect-specific and provide mechanical stability. Magnesium phosphate cements (MPCs) offer high initial stability and faster degradation compared to the well-researched calcium phosphate cements (CPCs). Calcium magnesium phosphate cements (CMPCs) should combine the properties of both and have so far shown promising results. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the degradation and osseointegration behavior of 3D powder-printed wedges of CMPC and MPC in vivo. The wedges were post-treated with phosphoric acid (CMPC) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (MPC) and implanted in a partially loaded defect model in the proximal rabbit tibia. The evaluation included clinical, in vivo μ-CT and X-ray examinations, histology, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for up to 30 weeks. SEM analysis revealed a zone of unreacted material in the MPC, indicating the need to optimize the manufacturing and post-treatment process. However, all materials showed excellent biocompatibility and mechanical stability. After 24 weeks, they were almost completely degraded. The slower degradation rate of the CMPC corresponded more favorably to the bone growth rate compared to the MPC. Due to the promising results of the CMPC in this study, it should be further investigated, for example in defect models with higher load

No evidence of an association of multiple sclerosis (MS) with Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) infections in patients within an endemic region: a retrospective pilot study

BackgroundBorna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) causes rare human infections within endemic regions in southern and eastern Germany. The infections reported to date have been linked to severe courses of encephalitis with high mortality and mostly irreversible symptoms. Whether BoDV-1 could act as a trigger for other neurological conditions, is, however, incompletely understood.Objectives and methodsIn this study, we addressed the question of whether the presentation of a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or of multiple sclerosis (MS) might be associated with a milder course of BoDV-1 infections. Serum samples of 100 patients with CIS or MS diagnosed at a tertiary neurological care center within an endemic region in southern Germany and of 50 control patients suffering from headache were retrospectively tested for BoDV-1 infections.ResultsIn none of the tested sera, confirmed positive results of anti-BoDV-1-IgG antibodies were retrieved. Our results support the conclusion that human BoDV-1 infections primarily lead to severe encephalitis with high mortality

Rendering/Visualisierung

Die visuelle Repräsentation prägt die Architektur. Sowohl ihre Produktion als auch die Art und Weise, wie sie wahrgenommen und begriffen wird, sind maßgeblich durch die Medien ihrer Darstellung bestimmt. Von der ersten Skizze über die Präsentation im Wettbewerb bis zum suggestiven Schaubild für die Kommunikation und Vermarktung werden seit jeher Verfahren der visuellen Modellierung und bildlichen Repräsentation eingesetzt. Mit der Digitalisierung der Architektur erfährt nicht nur das Entwerfen, sondern auch das Visualisieren von Architektur einen grundlegenden Wandel, der sich über das digitale Bild vollzieht

Engrailed 1 deficiency induces changes in ciliogenesis during human neuronal differentiation

A key pathological feature of Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DAns) in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Considering the major role of EN1 in the development and maintenance of these DAns and the implications from En1 mouse models, it is highly interesting to study the molecular and protective effect of EN1 also in a human cellular model. Therefore, we generated EN1 knock-out (ko) human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) lines and analyzed these during neuronal differentiation. Although the EN1 ko didn't interfere with neuronal differentiation and generation of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH+) neurons per se, the neurons exhibited shorter neurites. Furthermore, mitochondrial respiration, as well as mitochondrial complex I abundance was significantly reduced in fully differentiated neurons. To understand the implications of an EN1 ko during differentiation, we performed a transcriptome analysis of human neuronal precursor cells (hNPCs) which unveiled alterations in cilia-associated pathways. Further analysis of ciliary morphology revealed an elongation of primary cilia in EN1-deficient hNPCs. Besides, also Wnt signaling pathways were severely affected. Upon stimulating hNPCs with Wnt which drastically increased EN1 expression in WT lines, the phenotypes concerning mitochondrial function and cilia were exacerbated in EN1 ko hNPCs. They failed to enhance the expression of the complex I subunits NDUFS1 and 3, and now displayed a reduced mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, Wnt stimulation decreased ciliogenesis in EN1 ko hNPCs but increased ciliary length even further. This further highlights the relevance of primary cilia next to mitochondria for the functionality and correct maintenance of human DAns and provides new possibilities to establish neuroprotective therapies for PD