Social policy and the determinants of vulnerability missing race in climate adaptation

This article stresses the need for climate adaptation to better grasp the social dynamics of vulnerability to climate change. It argues that prevailing approaches in the UK have been inattentive to the social determinants of vulnerability for ethnic and racial minorities. The article begins by setting out the ways in which adaptation is understood and interpolated across multiple levels in the policy process, before discussing why prevailing approaches struggle to recognise that certain social dynamics render some populations more vulnerable to the ongoing effects of climate change. Following this, it will focus on domains of housing and health to reinscribe vulnerability in adaptation as a multidimensional concept, something that registers differentiated levels of structured adaptive capacity by focusing on racialised communities. It concludes by elaborating ways forward in climate adaptation planning and action

Splicing dual-range EELS spectra: identifying and correcting artefacts

In dual or multiple range electron energy loss spectroscopy, splicing the low loss spectra together with core loss ranges allows Fourier-log deconvolution of the entire energy range. However, because of the huge intrinsic dynamic range in EELS, the intensity at the splice point in a low loss spectrum is typically small, meaning that even weak or subtle artefacts can have big effects. Three main sources of artefacts in a Gatan GIF Quantum system have been investigated: non-uniformity of dispersion caused by aberrations in the spectrometer optics, stray scattering in the detector chamber, and small differences between the responsivity of the different detector quadrants. We present methods to measure, quantify and correct these artefacts. Ideally, the ratio for scaling at the splice should be the ratio of integration times. Prior to correction, the scaling factor is found to be about 15% less than the exposure or time ratio and is dependent on the specimen thickness. After correction, the discrepancies are less than 0.5%. This allows quantitative comparison of data taken at different points in time, even after major system changes, provided suitable artefact-correction datasets are taken. Whilst the detail is specific to one particular instrument, the principles are also applicable to newer spectrometers, including those with direct electron detectors

Building homes in Babylon: Jeremiah 29: 4–7 and African diasporic activism in the UK

African immigrants in the UK, especially in places such as London, Birmingham, and Manchester, contend with institutional racism, xenophobia, and socio-economic marginalisation. This study analyses how first- and second-generation African diaspora communities understand Jeremiah 29: 4–7 to create resilience and belonging. This study uses desktop research from African diasporic churches and analyses the UK’s Inclusive Britain Strategy (2023) to contend that biblical tales are reinterpreted to confront modern issues, including the Windrush Scandal and racial inequalities in NHS maternal care. The document emphasises the influence of African-led churches in formulating integration plans and promoting policy reforms in the UK. The findings indicate that African diaspora churches reinterpret Jeremiah 29: 4–5 to promote resilience and structural involvement in combating systemic racism and socio-economic disadvantage in the UK. The paper concludes by reinterpreting biblical tales to connect spiritual resilience with systemic activism, promoting hybrid identities, and integrating legislative reforms with community-driven initiatives for equity. The paper recommends the decolonisation of curricula, the enhancement of culturally competent healthcare training, the expansion of church–state collaborations, and the modification of legislation such as the Hostile Environment to foster inclusiveness. This study enhances academic discourse by merging diaspora theology with policy analysis, presenting an innovative framework for the theological examination of migration and elevating African agency within UK socio-political environments through decolonial hermeneutics and hybrid identity paradigms

Suicide Prevention in High-Risk Settings: A Scoping Review

No abstract available

Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-treated multifunctional textile triboelectric nanogenerator: a scalable and cost-effective solution for self-powered electronics, energy harvesting and physiological movement monitoring

Cotton, due to its abundance, low cost, and extensive use in textile manufacturing, is a promising material for textile triboelectric nanogenerators (T-TENGs); however, its position in the neutral region of the triboelectric series results in lower triboelectric performance. This study addressed this limitation by treating cotton with polyethyleneimine (PEI) via scalable pad-dry method. The PEI treatment enhanced tribo-positivity and provided its additional benefits, like antibacterial (83.33 %) and antioxidant (74.2 %) properties. In this work, we explored PEI-treated cotton fabric for T-TENG devices aimed at energy harvesting, self-powered electronics, and physiological movement monitoring. The 10 % PEI-treated cotton T-TENG demonstrated a significant increase in electrical performance, with increments in output voltage and current by 3.4-fold (from ∼30 V to ∼103 V) and 3.27-fold (from ∼3.36 µA to ∼11 µA), respectively, under a contact pressure of 16 N (25.6 kPa) and a frequency of 8 Hz. Additionally, the device achieved a maximum power density of ∼1600 mW/m² at 10 MΩ resistance. The device's practical applications were demonstrated through its ability to charge capacitors of various capacitance values, power a series of more than 70 LEDs and operate off-the-shelf electronics like wristwatch, digital timer, and humidity sensor. Additionally, the T-TENG functioned as a pressure sensor, in monitoring joint movements when attached to body joints (e.g., wrist, elbow, shoulder, knee), offering applications in athlete motion tracking. This study provided a new pathway for developing flexible, cost-effective, and biocompatible T-TENGs, advancing their potential for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing in wearable technologies

Inshore and offshore marine migration pathways of Atlantic salmon post-smolts from multiple rivers in Scotland, England, Northern Ireland and Ireland

The migratory behavior of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolts in coastal waters is poorly understood. In this collaborative study, 1914 smolts, from 25 rivers, in four countries were tagged with acoustic transmitters during a single seasonal migration. In total, 1105 post-smolts entered the marine study areas and 438 (39.6%) were detected on a network of 414 marine acoustic receivers and an autonomous underwater vehicle. Migration pathways (defined as the shortest distance between two detections) of up to 575 km and over 100 days at sea were described for all 25 populations. Post-smolts from different rivers, as well as individuals from the same river, used different pathways in coastal waters. Although difficult to generalize to all rivers, at least during the year of this study, no tagged post-smolts from rivers draining into the Irish Sea were detected entering the areas of sea between the Hebrides and mainland Scotland, which is associated with a high density of finfish aquaculture. An important outcome of this study is that a high proportion of post-smolts crossed through multiple legislative jurisdictions and boundaries during their migration. This study provides the basis for spatially explicit assessment of the impact risk of coastal pressures on salmon during their first migration to sea

The Terry Fox Research Institute Marathon of Hope Cancer Centres Network: a pan-Canadian precision oncology initiative

The Marathon of Hope Cancer Centres Network (MOHCCN), led by the Terry Fox Research Institute and the Terry Fox Foundation, unites researchers, clinicians, patients, funders, and other partners across Canada to accelerate precision oncology, promote collaboration and data sharing, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. This overview outlines the Network’s goals, history, and challenges and opportunities. We also highlight progress toward the “MOHCCN Gold Cohort,” a shared resource of clinical and genomic data from 15,000 patients

Innovation through instability? Genome (dis)organisation in Trypanosoma cruzi

Chagas disease affects millions globally and is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a parasite with a remarkable ability to adapt and persist in complex environments. Emerging evidence suggests that this adaptability may be driven by its extensive genome instability yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Drawing insights from related trypanosomatids, we explore how processes such as aneuploidy, copy number variations and genetic rearrangements can be strategically exploited for immune evasion, host adaptation and drug resistance, and consider whether similar processes shape the adaptive potential of T. cruzi. Unravelling the fundamental biology governing genome instability in this parasite will undoubtedly advance our understanding of its evolution, pathogenesis and resilience - crucial steps towards reducing the burden of Chagas disease

Proton heating estimates from near-Earth observations of coronal mass ejections in solar cycle 24

As solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) propagate through the heliosphere, they expend energy in heating protons to compensate for the cooling that occurs due to expansion. CME propagation models usually treat energy dissipation implicitly via a polytropic index (δ). Here, we calculate the power dissipation implied by a given δ and compare it with the power available in the turbulent velocity fluctuations. We make this comparison using near-Earth in situ observations of 27 of the most geoeffective CMEs (Dst < −75 nT) in solar cycle 24. For δ = 5/3, the power in the turbulent velocity fluctuations is ≈ 54 per cent smaller than what would be required to maintain the proton temperature at the observed values. If the power in the turbulent cascade is assumed to be fully expended in local proton heating, the most probable value for δ is 1.35. Our results contribute to a better understanding of CME energetics, and thereby to improved CME propagation models and estimates of Earth arrival times