Reengineering in emerging businesses: a consequence of the COVID-19

This research explores the repercussions of COVID-19 on global trade and markets during the first half of 2020. The study examines the economic impact of the pandemic on companies, emphasizing the need to rethink the business or redesign it to ensure its response to the challenges that the quarantine represented, as proposed by reengineering in the second half of the 90s of the 20th century. The main objective of this article is to establish a connection between the principles of reengineering and the resilience of startups during the pandemic, reactivating the use of a tool that was used more than 20 years ago. Therefore, the study explores, from a qualitative methodology —with emphasis on documentary research— the relationship between the appearance of the pandemic and the use of some elements of reengineering that can be observed in emerging companies, finding several connections between them. The results highlight how, through reinvention and resurgence, emerging businesses met the challenges of the new normal by maintaining their operations and providing business continuity

Identificación y caracterización de los consejos territoriales de planeación en Colombia

Los entes territoriales en Colombia, alcaldías y gobernaciones, deben asignar unos consejeros que tienen la responsabilidad de revisar, dar un concepto y realizar seguimiento a los Planes de Desarrollo Territoriales; sin embargo, en Colombia no hay un censo de los Consejeros Territoriales de Planeación (CTP) que participan en la planeación participativa del país. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, esta investigación pretende identificar y caracterizar los CTP del país, utilizando una metodología mixta, basada en un método exploratorio y descriptivo, con dos técnicas de recolección de la información, una encuesta y un grupo focal. Se encontró que hay una dificultad con el nombramiento de los reemplazos durante cada periodo; adicional a esto, hay un problema de representación por desconocimiento de los entes territoriales y por cruce de tiempos con la aprobación del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (PND) y la aprobación de los Planes Territoriales. Se evidenció también una falta de capacitación y de protocolos de procesos de empalme. Con respecto a la caracterización, la mayoría de los CTP se encuentra en edad productiva entre los 31 y 64 años y en cuanto a la equidad de género, se evidencia una representación equitativa de hombres y mujeres, pero con una disparidad en las posiciones de liderazgo. Finalmente, se presentan recomendaciones para el ajuste de la ley 152 de 199

Students' perception of the application of nudges

In this research it was examined how students of two private institutions perceive the nudges. Although the nudge theory has gained considerable popularity in international research, as it is reflected on recent articles in international magazines, it does not count on the recognition or implementation in a local context. In that way, with the developed research, knowledge is generated with regard to the population object of study and it is an important test about the possible implementations of deliberative and non-deliberative nudges in public policies. The methodology used is a quantitative approach, descriptive method, snowball probabilistic sample technique and the test was carried out through chi square to determine gender perception. The results gotten showed that students are receptive to the use of nudge tool in their daily contexts. In conclusion, there is acceptance of the use of deliberative nudges and there is a little distrust of non-deliberative nudges, likewise, it is exposed that nowadays the nudge tool is discussed in top level international universities; nevertheless, in the Latin American context, its formulation is minimal

Optimization of spray drying for lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) pulp using response surface methodology

Lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) is an exotic fruit with high potential in international markets due to its intense aromatic characteristics and its content of nutritional and bioactive compounds. However, it is highly perishable, which backslashes its potential for international exportation. Despite the drying processes affect the nutritional and sensory characteristics, fruit powders obtained by spray drying are promising products for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. This work was conducted aiming to optimize the spray-drying process of lulo pulp. A Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology was used, in which the factors evaluated were inlet air temperature (160 - 220 °C), maltodextrin concentration (15-35%), and whey protein concentration (WPC) (1-5% w/w). The feed rate and air velocity were kept constant at 4 mL/min and 9 m/s, respectively. The optimization resulted in an inlet air temperature of 205.6 °C, 35% maltodextrin, and 1.96% WPC. Under these conditions, the mathematical model estimated a powder yield of 62.8%, a moisture content of 2.3 %, a bulk density of 0.49 g/mL, a solubility of 91.9 %, and an ascorbic acid content of 120.8 mg/100 g powder. The optimal process conditions and the mixture of encapsulants (MD and WPC) allow for obtaining lulo powder with adequate yield and quality characteristics

Characterization of land use, from a social, economic and environmental dynamics

Lack of data regarding the agricultural activities in the area of Imués (Nariño, Colombia) has hindered understanding of current land uses and their impacts on natural resources, which causes this area to be considered one of the most arid in the region. To comprehend these processes, a description of the main land uses and agricultural and livestock production systems was made. This was carried out from a social, economic, and environmental dynamic through the characterization and typification of farms. Groups or clusters were constructed, which were previously subjected to qualitative statistical analysis, using the multiple correspondence factor analysis (MCAF) method. Subsequently, the hierarchical classification method was applied. The MCAF was able to establish four factors that were framed in the interaction of climate, altitude, and the productive component associated with it. Similarly, taking into account the social, economic, and environmental perspectives, it was determined that these groups, under their particularities and agricultural vocations, exert pressure on the territory's strategic ecosystems and diversity of flora and fauna. This makes their rural activities unsustainable. It was also found that there is a vocation for livestock exploitation and some minor species in the middle and high-altitude zones of the territory. However, it was established for other groupings that their major typologies were associated with conventional management without any planning. This generates negative impacts on soil resources, such as erosion and forest fragmentation, together with the expansion of the agricultural frontier

Barriers to strategic direction in community-based social organizations

The objective of this study was to analyze possibilities for strategic direction according to the ways in which management processes are arranged in community social organizations which are anchored in local territories. The qualitative processes of data collection and analysis were developed with a phenomenological design through in-depth interviews, considering that reality is understood from the interactions and meanings that social leaders give to the management of community organizations. The findings were constructed inductively from the texts of the interviews to configure three categories: a) The administrative processes of community social organizations; b) Identity with the corporate platform of these organizations and c) Internal and external analysis of their dynamics. It was found that, although these organizations formally have a legal constitution that defines their purpose and government and documentation is available on administrative processes such as planning, their management practices are empirical and based on traditional experience. It was found that deficiencies in the commitment to the corporate platform, situational analysis and business conception are factors that become barriers for social managers to advance with strategic direction, seeking resources and increasing the scope of programs and projects

Análisis de las políticas sociales en materia de cuidado en Chile a partir del neoliberalismo

Las políticas de cuidado han ganado relevancia en América Latina debido al contexto socioeconómico de la región desde la década de 1990. La evolución de los factores demográficos también ha contribuido a que los cuidadores hayan modificado tanto su número como su composición y necesidades. El objetivo de este documento es analizar las políticas sociales de cuidado en Chile. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología analítica descriptiva con el fin de comprender los mecanismos operativos. A partir de fuentes secundarias, se muestra cómo las mujeres en Chile construyen parte de sus identidades e historias por medio del cuidado de los demás. Igualmente, es conveniente identificar el contexto histórico en el que se han implementado estas políticas, principalmente en el país donde se inició la aplicación de las reformas económicas, políticas y sociales neoliberales, y cómo el Estado ha reducido su influencia y alcance en el diseño e implementación de estas medidas destinadas a disminuir la desigualdad y mejorar las condiciones de vida de la mayoría de la población

La perdurabilidad empresarial de los emprendimientos sociales: revisión sistemática y perspectivas de investigación

La revisión sistemática de literatura que se presenta en este artículo, tiene como propósito, evidenciar la evolución, relevancia, importancia y perspectivas de investigación de la perdurabilidad empresarial de los emprendimientos sociales. Este estudio bibliográfico, que siguió lo establecido en la declaración PRISMA, utilizó el software Publish or Perish para el rastreo de la literatura en WoS, Scopus y Google Scholar, al igual que criterios de inclusión y exclusión que permitieron la eliminación de duplicados y la selección de los documentos por relevancia y subáreas; mientras que, la utilización de herramientas como Rstudio, ToS, Gephi y Bibliometrix, posibilitó el análisis de la evolución e importancia del material bibliográfico, como también, la identificación de las redes de colaboración y las perspectivas de investigación. Los resultados evidencian un crecimiento de la productividad académica y la existencia de tres grandes perspectivas que giran en torno a los problemas y oportunidades de la perdurabilidad empresarial de estos emprendimientos. Asimismo, se logró identificar vacíos investigativos que dan apertura a futuros trabajos