Expansion for Who, Markets or the Poor?

Abstract: In this study we examine the impacts of monetary expansion policies executed by the Federal Reserve on poverty in the United States of America. It has been discussed in various studies that the Fed’s expansionary monetary policies create a less positive impact on economy as a whole than financial sector. In this study, the expansionary effects of policies on the poor living in America will be discussed. The main thesis of the study is that the poor living in the United States benefited less from expansionary monetary policies than either financial sector or the US economy as a whole. When discussing the thesis of the study both employed and unemployed poor will be discussed. Therefore, it will be questioned that the decrease in the unemployment rate is the indicator of the fight against poverty. Indicators such as indices and interest rates in the financial markets, and indicators such as growth rates and unemployment rates in the non-financial markets are regarded as essential indicators but as for poverty it’s hard to find such regarded indicators. Unfortunately, there are not too many statistics about the poor living in the United States in the reports of the international organizations. Thus the main trouble of the study is that international comparisons are almost impossible. Therefore, various indicators produced by the U.S. government agencies of various indicators will be used in this study

Ethical Unconcern Scale: Construction and Validation

This paper presents the measure development procedure of an Ethical Unconcern (EU) scale. The procedure included literature search, brainstorming, discussion groups in order to generate the pool of the initial 99 items. A student survey was conducted in order to refine the measure. Item analysis and reliability assessment resulted in a final measure of 25 items. A consumer survey was conducted in the urban area of Thessaloniki, Greece to test the new EU scale. Item-to-total correlation and alpha-if-item deleted were applied in the consumer sample and the results indicated that all items obtained coefficients greater than 0.30. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was then conducted by the employment of PCA. After eliminating three items with a factor loading <0.50, the remaining 22 items indicated five factors (with an eigenvalue >1.0) explaining 62.65% of the variance. The five factors were named Doubt, Fair-Trade, Ethical, Scepticism and Powerlessness. Then Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied in order to test whether the EU measurement model fit the data well. The AMOS SPSS was used. Goodness-of-fit results indicated that the measurement model fit the data very well (χ2=741.95, p<0.000, CFI=0.926, NFI=0.903, TLI=0.911, RMSEA=0.062)

The Effect of Human Resource Practices on Burn-Out and the Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Justice

The aim of this paper is to explain concepts of human resource practices, perceived organizational justice and burnout and to determine role of perceived organizational justice mediated effect of human resource practice on burnout.  This study is important because it focuses on the terms of conceptual framework drawing on human resource practices, perceived organizational justice and burnout. In addition to this in this study, essential components of human resource practices, perceived organizational justice and burnout are examined. Also mediating role of perceived organizational justice which under the influence of human resource practice on burnout are presented as well. In this context, in order to reach a general agreement on a crowded universe of concept, as sample will be created and selected from the universe, yet all of the concepts will be represented in the paper. In the survey thar will be used, the focus is  “Human resource practices scale” which was developed Christopher J. Collins and Ken G.Smith (2006), “Perceived Organizational Justice Scale” was developed Niehoff and Moorman (1993), “Maslach Burnout Scala” was created by Niehoff and Moorman. The hypotheses identified under the aims of the research are as follows: H1: Human resource practices have an impact on burnout H2: Human resource practices have an impact on perceived organizational justice. H3: Perceived organizational justice has an impact on burnout H4:  Perceived organizational justice has a mediating role on the effect of human resource practices on burnout

Factors whıch Efects the Mobıle Taggıng Awareness; A Research on Socıal Medıa Consumers

This study intends to determine the factors which effects the awareness of social media consumers. The basic assumption of the study is social media consumers awareness about mobile marketing is at high level. Social media consumers follow technology, technological innovation and mobile applications. In the study mobile tags are considered as a brand. Brand awareness is related to the strength of the brand assets in the mind of the consumers.  Brand awareness is measured in six ways. This ways are; -           Recognition -          Recall -          Top of mind -          Dominant -          Information -          Belief In the study, the six factors which is used to mesaure brand awereness will be evaluated and then the study is intended to determine factors that effects the awereness of mobile tagging. In the study,  the datas will analize in the statistical program SPSS 16.0. datas will get with the survey methodology.  The questions of the survey are prepared from the literature about brand awereness and questions ara multiple choice and five-point Likert is used.  The main body of the study is the members of the social network which are Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn. Facebook has 30 million members, Twitter has 6 million members and LinkedIn has 750.000 active users. The main body of the study is consisted by 36.750.000 active social media members. The sample of the study will determine  with Simple Random Sampling Method. Hypothesis of the Study; H1: The social media using level of the consumers has effects on the awareness of the mobile tagging of social media consumers. H2: Consumer Interaction Level of Mobile Tagging App have  effect on the mobile tagging awareness of social media consumers. H3: Awareness Levels of Mobile Tagging on Social Media have effects on the mobile tagging awareness of social media consumers.      

Sustainable Environment and in the Context of Environment Economy Necessary and an Analyze

In global world, the environment has become a scarce resource. Since economics is about how to deal with scarce resources, environment and economics are interrelated with each other. On the other hand it is also clear that economics which creates both positive and negative externalities, affects the environment. For this reason, it is not possible to except environmental problems from the economics. Today some socio-economic activities like increasing consumption based on shopping malls, urban regeneration, fast population growth and etc. have being created environmental cost. One way of using economics is to ensure that the costs and the benefits of environmental measures are well balanced. Although it is difficult to estimate costs and benefits, there is an increasing demand that this is should be done before the economical activity. Economic and environmental objectives are often perceived as being contradictory. It is believed that a choice must be made between one and the other and that cannot be achieved concurrently. To change this perception, some measures should be taken on both national and international level.  At this point, an efficient environmental auditing is being important day by day to ensure environmental economics. In this study we will research what was done in the world in terms of environmental economics. In this context, we will examine what will have to do in Turkey in terms of legislation

Regional Economic Growth; Socio-Economic Disparities among Counties

State level economy has always been relying on its major metropolitan area’s economic success. So, such metropolitan agglomerations have been considered the only agents that can foster the state’s economic standing as if other economic places do (or may) not have significant contribution to the regional economy. In contrast, as some major cities enhance their economic well-being and agglomerate in specialized sector, the rest of the region lose their economic grounds or stay constant by widening the economic gap among cities. Therefore, an institutional approach can help to establish new regional arrangements to substitute all economic places to coordinate each other and succeed the economic growth as part of state government by reducing the disparities. In this sense, this study builds upon the inquiry that seeks the impacts of some economic disparities among economic places (counties) on the performances of state level regional economy

Cluster Analysis of the EU Countries in Terms of Labor Market Indicators

Abstract: Dynamics of main indicators in the EU labor market context reflects that the EU labor market as whole remains tense, and that differs substantially from one country to another. This paper includes an analysis of recent developments in labor market participation, employment, unemployment, education level with special concerning on data disaggregated by age and sex. Paper aims to group the EU countries according to key indicators of the labor market for gaps and similarities identification in order to achieve the objectives of cohesion policies at EU level. To achieve this propose it was used hierarchical cluster analysis method.    

Perceptions of Disabled Rights in Global Governance Models

2011 World Report on Disability shows that disabled people are more exposed to poverty and poor socio-economic consequences. The unemployment rate is higher among people with disabilities and many countries, women are more disadvantaged than men.With "For people with people and equitable, inclusive and development on the basis of human rights" concept forming the basis of the work of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held in June 2012 in Rio de Janeiro underlined that more attention should be given social inclusion, social protection and equity items assuming that economic development often brings environmental degradation and increasing inequality. For sustainable human development, to create employment for individuals with disabilities is not sufficient and productive employment opportunities should be provided, supplying an adequate income and social protection maintaining the basic labor rights. This study focused on international legal instruments and policies related with the work and employment rights for people with disabilities as a human right and aimed to reveal in which level these policies can realize decent work approach

Development Agencıes on the Way to the Regıonal Development: Comparıson of Turkey and Românıa

Although the levels of regional development disparities change from country to country, almost all countries suffer from this problem. In order to minimize these disparities, the Regional Development Agencies have been established in many countries. By prompting the regional potential and internal dynamics, regional development agencies which were established to stimulate the regional economies aim to produce economic and socio-cultural values. The development agencies contribute economic development of countries by stimulating the regional economies. Also they contribute to minimize the unemployment rate thanks to the investments invited into the region. The objective of this study is to display the roles of development agencies on elimination of the regional development disparities comparing Romania and Turkey

Model for Innovation through Information Network Sharing

Nowadays the extinction of financial, economical, scientific globalization urge the companies to new methods of accessing information in order to have an adequate management, answering to the market request. This article aims to discuss how innovation influences the firms’ profitability while protecting the environment. It also analyze how open innovation, environmental innovation and social innovation will contribute to the improvement of global economy and the environment protection. This should be an aim for every person who wants to breath clean air to drink clean water, to spend leisure time in an unpolluted environment, to preserve the nature for future generation.   The authors propose a model of innovation through information network sharing