Malaria drives unique regulatory responses across multiple immune cells during human infection

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 6 individuals (age 6-24) with P. falciparum infection and 2 healthy adult endemic controls (ages 20 and 27) were collected before drug treatment (day 0) and at 7 and 28 days after treatment. PBMCs were isolated by Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) according to the presence or absence of XX signal, and analysed using droplet-based scRNAseq

Utilizzo di campi elettrici pulsati per aumentare il trasferimento di massa durante la marinatura/salagione di branzino

Abstract La ricerca di nuovi ingredienti per la formulazione di pesci da allevamento è un importante campo di ricerca in acquacoltura. Tuttavia, è importante verificare le performance tecnologiche dei prodotti ottenuti. I campioni di branzino utilizzati nella presente sperimentazione sono stati allevati con due diete biologiche formulate differentemente, la prima era di tipo tradizionale (commerciale), mentre la seconda era di tipo innovativo. L’obiettivo è stato quello di valutare l’effetto della dieta nella risposta all’applicazione di processi tecnologici quali applicazione di campi elettrici pulsati (PEF) e salamoiatura. Il pretrattamento PEF (0,3 kV/cm, 100 Hz, pulsi di 10 µs) aveva l’obiettivo di aumentare l’efficienza della fase di salamoiatura (immersione in soluzione al 10% di NaCl per 5 giorni). A tal fine sonio state valutate le cinetiche di trasferimento di massa e le principali caratteristiche qualitative dei campioni appartenenti alle due diete. Dai risultati ottenuti è possibile affermare che tra i due prodotti, derivanti da diete diverse, le differenze riscontrate sono state minime, sia in relazione ai parametri misurati sui prodotti freschi, sia in relazione alla risposta ai trattamenti tecnologici effettuati. A differenza di quanto riscontrato in studi precedenti, il PEF non ha migliorato la resa in peso ed acqua dopo salamoiatura, mentre solo nel prodotto innovativo si è verificato un aumento dell’assorbimento di sale, risultato che può indicare qualche differenza nella conformazione delle proteine che abbia facilitato la loro elettroporazione e pertanto la diffusione del sale nel tessuto. Tuttavia, risulta importante sottolineare le discrepanze osservate rispetto alle precedenti sperimentazioni che potrebbero imputarsi alla variabilità della materia prima. Questo aspetto merita un successivo approfondimento, in quanto potrebbe chiarire molte delle discrepanze riportate in letteratura relativamente all’applicazione dei PEF sui tessuti animali

Holzezus Krivokhatsky 1992

<i>Holzezus</i> Krivokhatsky, 1992 DZdzḇx <p> <i>Holzezus</i> Krivokhatsky, 1992: 407. <b>Type species:</b> <i>Holzezus compactus</i> Krivokhatsky, 1992, by original designation.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis. Adult:</b> Body pale yellow to yellowish brown, with many dark brown markings. Vertex obviously raised and rounded, covered with some short pale setae. Ocular rim setae present, pale and needle-like. Pronotum laterally with pale hairy setae. Mesoscutellum naked, without setae. Tibial spurs short, spinelike, shorter than tarsomere 1; tarsomere 5 nearly as long as entire length of tarsomeres 2–4. Forewing RP origin distad MP and CuA fork; five to seven presectoral crossveins present. Hindwing shorter than forewing; four to five presectoral crossveins present; pilula axillaris absent. Abdomen shorter than hindwing length; male terga 6–7 each with a pair of hairy pencil-like structures (Fig. 3C); female sternum 7 with a pair of digital projections (weakly developed in <i>H. pamiricus</i>) (Fig. 3I). Male gonocoxites 9 small, shaped as a pair of thick hook-like structure; gonocoxites 11 arched in ventral view, broad in lateral view; ectoproct without posteroventral lobe. Female gonocoxites 8 slender digitiform, only one paired; gonocoxites 9 protruded with a few strong curved long digging setae.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China, Iran, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This genus is similar to <i>Iranoleon</i> by having similar male genitalia (Hölzel 1968; 1972). However, the ocular rim setae of <i>Holzezus</i> are present, while they are absent in <i>Iranoleon</i>; the wings of <i>Holzezus</i> are narrower than <i>Iranoleon</i>; and the female digging setae of <i>Holzezus</i> are longer and curved. Besides, some species of <i>Iranoleon</i> has three pairs of hairy pencil-like structures (terga 5–7), e.g., <i>I. arabicus</i> Hölzel, 1982, which can also be distinguished from <i>Holzezus</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Zheng, Yuchen, Liu, Zijun, Zhang, Dong & Liu, Xingyue, 2024, Taxonomic notes on two antlion genera Holzezus Krivokhatsky, 1992 and Subgulina Krivokhatsky, 1996 (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Myrmecaelurini) from China, pp. 256-268 in Zootaxa 5403 (2)</i> on page 258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10562004">http://zenodo.org/record/10562004</a&gt

Peruquime chiwasapra Figueroa & Paz 2024, new species

<i>Peruquime chiwasapra</i> Figueroa & Paz, new species <p>(Figs. 1–2)</p> <p> <b>Type material</b>. Holotype male labeled: (MUSM): “ Perú: AN. [Ancash] La Merced // 9°45’16.33’’S / 77°34’52.34’’W 3713m // 14.viii.2020 // E. Gamboa ”. Paratype male (MUSM), same label data as the holotype.</p> <p> <b>Holotype</b>. Male: length: 8.6 mm, width: 5.1 mm (Fig. 1A). Color: head, pronotum, and scutellum dark green with iridescent reflections. Legs, ventral region, and pygidium dark brown. Elytra testaceous and shiny, elytral margins and suture darker. Head: Front slightly convex; dorsal surface glabrous with a row of short setae on margins and eye canthus, setae moderately dense. Clypeus parabolic with anterior margin elevated; dorsal surface glabrous, strongly rugulosepunctate (Fig. 1D); length of clypeus 1.2 times the length of frons. Frontoclypeal suture straight, incomplete at the middle. Labrum free, visible dorsally, densely punctate (Fig. 1D–E, see black arrow). Head and mouthparts ventrally covered with long, moderately dense setae. Labium dorsally flat with rounded apex, moderately covered by setae. Antenna with 10 antennomers, antennal club more than twice the length of antennomers 2–7. Pronotum: Surface with mostly large punctures interspersed with fine punctures, moderately denser on apical half; surface covered by moderately dense, elongate, pale-yellow setae. Elytra: Surface with fine punctures, moderately dense and evenly distributed over the elytral disc; setae long, moderately dense, covering basal third of elytral disc; elytral margin covered with short, brown setae. Legs: protibia tridentate, apical and middle teeth developed, basal tooth reduced; protarsal claws short, inner pretarsal claw thickened, tapered at apex, and with a small preapical tooth; external claw thin and elongate. Mesotibia and metatibia laterally compressed; apex oval in caudal view, edged with short, sharp spines; outer and inner edges covered with long, moderately dense setae. Mesotarsus and metatarsus of similar length as mesotibia and metatibia. Pygidium: disc glabrous, with setae along latero-posterior margins. Male genitalia: parameres long, fused, apex slightly divided (Figs. 1B–C).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. <i>Peruquime chiwasapra</i> can be distinguish from <i>P. arequipensis</i> by having the labrum not fused with the clypeus (versus fused); length of the clypeus 1.2 times the length of frons (versus 1.0 times); labrum visible dorsally (versus not visible); and pygidium with setae distributed along the latero-posterior margin (versus setae distributed along the entire surface but denser in the anterior half and scattered in the posterior half).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. The specific epithet “chiwasapra ” is in reference to a character from the typical dance from Ancash Department called Huanquilla.</p> <p> <b>Female</b>. unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> This species is distributed in La Merced, in the department of Ancash, at 3713 m (Fig. 2).</p> <p> <b>Discussion</b>. The genus <i>Peruquime</i> is one of the most conspicuous genera within the high Andean Rutelinae, due to characteristics such as abundant body setae, the size of the antennal club, the fusion of the clypeus with the labrum, and the concave dorsal aspect of the clypeus (Mondaca & Valencia 2016). However, with the discovery of the new species of <i>Peruquime,</i> the combination of diagnostic features needs adjustments. The labrum fused to the clypeus was defined as a principal diagnostic character for the genus (Mondaca & Valencia 2016; Moore <i>et al</i>. 2017), but the new taxon has the labrum free from the clypeus and visible dorsally. Therefore, we suggest the following modification to the differential characteristics of the genus: clypeus longer than frons, inclined anteriorly, with its apex mostly parabolic; margin of clypeus strongly or moderately elevated; concave dorsally. Labrum flat, horizontal, visible or not in dorsal view, fused or not with the apex of the clypeus. Labium elongate, pyriform. Antenna long, with 10 antennomeres; antennal club with three antennomeres, club twice the length of the funicle. Pretarsal claw of prothoracic leg with inner claw curved, thickened, with bevel-shaped, truncate apex, and with outer edge with a small preapical or apical tooth.</p>Published as part of <i>Figueroa, Luis & Paz, Fernando, 2024, A new species of Peruquime Mondaca & Valencia, 2016 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) in the Peruvian Andes, pp. 297-300 in Zootaxa 5403 (2)</i> on pages 297-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.2.10, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10561677">http://zenodo.org/record/10561677</a&gt

UltraDark.jl

Simulations of cosmological scalar fieldsIf you use this software, please cite it using the metadata from this file

Psychosocial Dimensions of Student Life

<p>This dataset comprises survey results from 100 computer science students, aiming to identify correlations between their depression levels, class performance, and ADHD patterns through data analysis.</p> <p>Here's a brief description of each column:</p> <p><strong>Age:</strong></p> <p>Represents the age of the individuals in the dataset, providing insight into the age distribution of the study.</p> <p><strong>Gender:</strong></p> <p>Indicates the gender of each individual, allowing for the exploration of gender-related patterns and trends within the dataset.</p> <p><strong>Academic Performance:</strong></p> <p>Reflects the academic achievements of individuals.</p> <p><strong>Taking Note In Class:</strong></p> <p>Describes about individuals take notes during class, providing insights into study habits and engagement during lectures.</p> <p><strong>Depression Status:</strong></p> <p>Indicates the presence or absence of depressive symptoms, contributing valuable information about the mental health of individuals in the dataset.</p> <p><strong>Face Challenges To Complete Academic Task:</strong></p> <p>Explores whether individuals encounter challenges in completing academic tasks.</p> <p><strong>Like Presentation:</strong></p> <p>Reflects individuals' preferences for presentations, offering insights into their learning style and engagement with visual or oral communication. This aim also measure is they extrovert or introvert.</p> <p><strong>Sleep Per Day Hours:</strong></p> <p>Represents the average hours of sleep individuals get per day, providing information on sleep patterns and potential correlations with academic performance.</p> <p><strong>Number Of Friend:</strong></p> <p>Quantifies the social aspect by indicating the number of friends each individual has, contributing to the understanding of social dynamics within the dataset.</p> <p><strong>Like New Things:</strong></p> <p>Explores individuals' receptiveness to new experiences or concepts, offering insights into their adaptability and openness to innovation.</p> <p>This dataset is designed to facilitate a comprehensive analysis of the interplay between demographic factors, academic performance, mental health, study habits, and social dynamics among individuals in the specified context.</p&gt

Aleuroplatus martini Valencia & Evans 2024, n. sp.

<i>Aleuroplatus martini</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs. 9–11)</p> <p> Diagnosis⸺Among the New World species of <i>Aleuroplatus</i> that are dark brown and black in color, oval to broadly oval in shape and have a strong rachis on the abdomen, the new species is similar to <i>A. sculpturatus</i> Quaintance & Baker, 1917, <i>A. cockerelli</i> (Ihering, 1897) and <i>A. gratiosus</i>. It can be distinguished from <i>A. sculpturatus</i> which has a very short, transverse vasiform orifice and operculum and is dark brown with the central region much paler and from <i>A. cockerelli</i> which has the lateral margin slightly differentiated at tracheal opening by a row of 5 shorter teeth, the submargin with a series of 2 rows of pores and the rachis is less pronounced. <i>Aleuroplatus martini</i> is most similar to <i>A. gratiosus</i> but can be distinguished from that species which has the operculum cordate and a row of alternating light and dark, rectangular shaped figures along the margin; whereas <i>A. martini</i> has a rectangular-shaped operculum and the lateral margin in concolorous (Fig. 10).</p> <p> Puparium⸺In nature the puparia of <i>A. martini</i> are bright black, oval in shape, covered by a couple of wax rods. The wax rods excreted along the body of the puparia are of sulphur yellow in color. The surface of the wax rods shows a liquid on the top (Figs. 1E, 9D). The nymphs of the early stages are transparent yellow and only the later immature stages are black with the rods of colored wax.</p> <p> Slide specimen⸺ <i>Body</i> oval-shaped, about 1.4x as long as wide, lateral margin crenulate, teeth with rounded apices (Fig. 9G), not differentiated at the spiracle opening; 1 pair of anterior marginal setae (Fig. 9C) and 1 pair of posterior marginal setae present. <i>Cephalothorax</i> (Fig. 9B) about 0.5x the body length, separated from the latter by the transverse molting suture which extends to the submarginal region of the body, curving upwards distally; submedial region of the third thoracic segment with a pair of longitudinal sutures; submargin with a row of geminated porettes (Figs. 9E, 9F); a group of about 5 bright pores (Fig. 9J) present on the submarginal region. Submedial region of mesothorax and metathorax each with a pair of short setae, Ts2 and Ts3 setae equal in length (Fig. 9B). Metathoracic segment deeply incised medially. <i>Abdomen</i> (Fig. 9H) as long as the cephalothorax, with a well-defined, pronounced medial region, somewhat caterpillar-like in shape, with first abdominal segment much narrower, bowl-shaped and lacking As1 setae; rhachis present but arms not well defined; abdominal segment 8 with a pair of short, stout setae (As8) (Fig. 9Q); caudal setae (Fig. 9A) very long and stout, about 6.2x as long as As8 and 2.2x the length of the vasiform orifice (Figs. 9K–9Q), the latter cordate in shape, 1.1x as long as wide, surrounded by a narrow sclerotized rim; operculum nearly rectangular, 0.6x as long as wide, filling 0.4x the orifice, dorsal surface granulose with two transverse lines of tubercles, each line 6 to 7 tubercles; lingula (Fig. 9L) transparent with some micro setae at its apex. <i>Venter</i> (Fig. 9I) with high density of strongly chitinized microtubercles (mt), among them three white pores, adhesive sac (ad).</p> <p> Adult Male (Figs. 11A–11F)⸺Live, light brown in color due to the brown spots on the first pair of wings and the secretion of white wax. Freshly mounted in Hoyer, individuals show four pairs of reddish abdominal wax plates (Fig. 11D). The wings of <i>A. martini</i> are very similar to those of <i>A. gratiosus</i> in the shape and coloration of the forewing (Fig. 11B); however, the apex of the forewing of <i>A. martini</i> has a larger infuscate area and there are three distinct infuscate areas along the anterior margin. The hind wing of <i>A. martini</i> (Fig. 11C) is hyaline in the center with its base and apex lightly infuscate. Both males and females are similar in coloration, the body is predominantly pale with the head and wax plates slightly darker.</p> <p>Adult female (Figs. 11G–11N)⸺abdomen with only two pairs of abdominal wax plates of reddish color (Fig. 11I). The abdominal wax plates show little depressed dots lighter in color. The pattern of coloration of the wings is very similar to that of the male; metatibia with a comb of about 16 setae (Fig. 11N); genitalia normal (Fig. 11J); cement gland (Fig. 11L) with a bulb-like structure, apparently segmented in the form of a cluster of vesicles (Figs. 11K–11L). Antennae 7 segmented with a long sensorial cone that reaches the apex of segment III (Fig. 11M).</p> <p>Biology</p> <p> This species was collected from creole avocado trees in the El Bosque Country Club on the outskirts of Lima, Peru and has not been found so far on avocado trees within the urban perimeter of the city of Lima. It is the first species of whitefly that we are aware of that is known to excrete sulphureous yellow wax, which gives it a distinct appearance (Fig. 9D). It usually occurs on the underside of leaves in a dispersed form without forming large colonies, interspersed with other species of whitefly such as <i>Aleurodicus juleikae</i>, <i>Tetralicia sawyeri</i> and <i>Paraleyrodes bondari</i>. Their nymphal instars are pale in color and only the later immature stages are black.</p> <p>Material examined</p> <p> Holotype puparium, Club El Bosque, Lima-Peru, on <i>Persea americana</i>, slide with 25 puparia (holotype marked as specimen inside the red circle), 19/ix/2015, in NHM. Paratypes: Numerous puparia on nine slides, same data as holotype except collection date 24/09/2016 (7 puparia); 08/x/2015 (1); and 02/vii/2015 (1). One paratype slide deposited in each the USNM and UNALM, respectively, the rest of type material deposited in the collection of the first author. The paratypes are indicated with red circles.</p> <p>Comments</p> <p> <i>Aleuroplatus martini</i> is most similar to <i>A. gratiosus</i>, described on trees in the family Lauraceae in Brazil. Puparia of both species are black, are broadly oval in shape, have a strong rachis on the abdomen, the vasiform orifice is much longer than wide with the operculum filling only about half of the orifice, and excrete colored wax on their dorsum. According to Bondar (1923), <i>A. gratiosus</i> excretes 4 yellow pillars, which when observed with a lens are a soft, viscous, orange yellow color, while <i>A. martini</i> excretes sulfurous yellow wax. The puparia of <i>Aleuroplatus gratiosus</i> (Fig. 10B, 10D) and <i>A. martini</i> (Figs. 10A, 10C), show similarities and differences, which appear clearly in mounted specimens. The shape of the body contour, in <i>A. gratiosus</i> is in the form of a boat, whereas that of <i>A. martini</i> is oval. Both species secrete colored wax, <i>A. gratiosus</i> orange-yellow wax and <i>A. martini</i> sulfur yellow wax. This character serves to separate at least these 2 species from others that live among them on their host plant. The submarginal area of the puparium of <i>A. gratiosus</i> shows areas of lighter, rectangular shaped areas, regularly spaced throughout the body’s periphery, which are not present in <i>A. martini</i>. In addition, the two species differ in the sculpture of the dorsum of the operculum. In <i>A. martini,</i> this surface has a pair of transversal well-defined lines, each line with 6 to 7 tubercles; whereas <i>A. gratiosus</i> lacks these lines but shows fang-like structures of different sizes distributed in an irregular pattern. The operculum of <i>A. martini</i> (Fig. 11C) is trapezoidal whereas that of <i>A. gratiosus</i> is somewhat triangular (Fig. 10D).</p> <p> A more detailed study was made of the operculum based on observations of 270 specimens mounted on 26 slides (Figs. 9M–9P). The operculum is a moveable part that opens and closes according to the individual’s need to excrete a sugary liquid (honeydew). The operculum of mounted specimens showed two different positions (opened and closed) which complicates their interpretation. When it is in the closed position, the dorsum shows two, well-defined transverse lines, each with 6 to 7 tubercles (Fig. 9M). When the operculum is in the open position (at close to 90º from the closed position), the tubercles on the dorsum can be seen in profile which shows that they are pyramidal and spine shaped (Figs. 9B–9C). The venter of the operculum is not observable in the closed position but shows spine-shaped structures in the open position (Fig. 9D). The results found leave open the possibility of investigating the function of these structures in the biology of this species. Observations of the <i>A. gratiosus</i> puparium were made only from one cotype specimen, deposited in the collection of the US National Museum (USNM). The contribution of this research on the variation of the morphology of the operculum when viewed from an open versus closed position addresses the need to study this structure in detail in individuals of <i>A. gratiosus</i> and other species.</p> <p>Etymology</p> <p>This species is dedicated to Dr. Jon Martin, who introduced the senior author to the study of the fascinating world of whiteflies.</p>Published as part of <i>Valencia, Luis & Evans, Gregory A., 2024, Review of the genus Tetralicia (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and description of two new species of whiteflies found on avocado trees in Peru, pp. 197-238 in Zootaxa 5403 (2)</i> on pages 227-231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.2.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10561828">http://zenodo.org/record/10561828</a&gt

Jkim9486/Scube: S-cube v3.14 with sensitivity plots

<p>S-cube v3.14 with sensitivity plots</p> <p>Icon added.</p> <p>S-cube v3.14 is guaranteed to work reliably in MATLAB 2020B and later on Windows 10 and RedHat-based Linux.</p> <p>S-cube v3.14 with sensitivity plots is detailed in the following papers:</p> <p>"Estimating signal and noise of time-resolved X-ray solution scattering data at synchrotrons and XFELs", J. Kim, J. G. Kim, H. Ki, C. W. Ahn, H. Ihee*, J. Synchrotron Rad., 27, 633-645 (2020)</p> <p>"Sensitivity of time-resolved diffraction data to changes in internuclear distances and atomic positions", H. Jeong, H. Ki, J. G. Kim, J. Kim, Y. Lee, and H. Ihee*, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 1-15 (2022)</p&gt

manuscript.ICIKendallTau.targets_cache.p1p0

<p>targets cache for the manuscript "Information-Content-Informed Kendall-tau Correlation: Utilizing Missing Values" Robert M Flight, Praneeth S Bhatt, Hunter NB Moseley.</p&gt

Phlogotettix fanjingshanensis Li 2024, sp.nov.

<i>Phlogotettix fanjingshanensis</i> Li sp.nov. <p> <i>Phlogothamnus fanjingshanensis</i> Li, 2011 in Li, Dai & Xing, 2011: 181; unavailable</p> <p> <i>Phlogotettix fanjingshanensis</i> Yao, Zhang & Xing, 2022: 425; <i>nomen nudum</i></p> <p>Holotype: ♂, China: Guizhou Province, Fanjingshan, 1 August 2001, coll. Maofa Yang. Type repository: Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).</p>Published as part of <i>Dmitriev, Dmitry A., Li, Zizhong, Dai, Renhuai & Xing, Jichun, 2024, Validation of taxon names described in " Deltocephalinae from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) ", pp. 269-278 in Zootaxa 5403 (2)</i> on page 277, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.2.5, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10561826">http://zenodo.org/record/10561826</a&gt