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The making of a work of art
Side A: Lecture. -- Side B: Lecture (continued) and discussion. -- Old Poppies, Lecture 4
Individuals' responsiveness to marginal tax rates: Evidence from bunching in the Australian personal income tax
We examine individuals’ responsiveness to marginal tax rates using the universe of Australian taxpayer records from 2000 to 2018. Unlike studies from other countries, we find sharp bunching at all kink points. The estimated Elasticities of Taxable Income (ETI) range from effectively zero for wage earners to 0.23 for self-employed individuals. There is substantial heterogeneity in responses to changes in marginal tax rates across subgroups, with higher elasticities for married females, females with children, younger individuals, and those with greater opportunity to shift income within the household. Our findings suggest that individuals’ responsiveness is a function of the marginal tax rates and the tax system's structure and administration
The Commercial Courts: A Story of Unfinished Reforms
Certain fields of law are becoming more and more globalized in Indonesia. This is true of commercial law, such as company law, intellectual property law, and competition law. These fields of law also play an increasingly important role in cross-border transactions, involving Indonesian and foreign parties. This chapter looks into this potential field of tension through an inquiry into the specialized commercial courts. It focuses on how judges in these courts deal with contemporary legal questions relating to highly globalized fields of law. The Commercial Courts are specialized courts that were established in April 1998 as part of the legal reform program initiated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The aim was to do away with the old culture of unprofessionalism and corruption pervasive in the courts by creating new courts with new judges applying a new system for bankruptcy administration. The substantial reforms initiated by the establishment of the Commercial Courts aimed at contributing to an effective bankruptcy regime and encouraging investor confidence, although it remains largely unfinished