Post-COVID in Patients with Obesity: A Narrative Review

Objective: This study aims to conduct a brief literature review on post-COVID-19 complications in obese patients.Design: A literature review based on a narrative synthesis.Data Sources: The databases consulted include Science Direct, Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar, and PubMed.Study Selection: Multiple articles were selected, applying inclusion criteria focused on post-COVID-19 complications in obese patients, with publications ranging from 2020 to 2024. Irrelevant studies were excluded. The final selection included articles from 10 different countries.Data Extraction: From each study, key data were extracted, including research design, population characteristics, and main reported complications. The information was organized narratively to facilitate comparison of findings across studies.Results: Out of 261,357 articles, 15 relevant articles were selected for the review. These articles were published in 10 countries, as follows: Spain (3 middle-income and 1 lower-middle income), Italy (1 lower-middle income, 1 high-income, and 1 mixed-income), India (2 middle and lower income), Russia (1 middle income), Japan (1 high, middle, and low income), Germany (1 middle income), United States (1 middle income), Mexico (1 middle income), Brazil (1 middle income), and China (1 high and middle income). The findings indicate that socioeconomic inequalities tend to increase the risk of COVID-19-related mortality.Conclusion: COVID-19 is associated with type 2 diabetes, an increased risk of coronary problems, hypertension, and nerve damage such as polyneuropathy, affecting muscle strength and increasing the mortality rate in respiratory diseases such as COPD, leading to lung damage and fibrosis. Treatment should be comprehensive, including vaccines, respiratory exercises, and physiotherapy, where the drug Veklury (remdesivir) has shown efficacy in accelerating recovery and strengthening the immune system. Additionally, post-COVID conditions such as anxiety, depression, and persistent respiratory issues should be addressed

Maternal Microbiota: changes and consequences during pregnancy. A Narrative Review

Objective:This study aims to review the changes in microbiota during pregnancy, characterized by natural and associative aspects. Design: A literature review based on a narrative synthesis. Data Sources: The study was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science (WOS), Scielo, and Google Scholar. Study Selection: Documents were selected and analyzed through an exhaustive literature review, applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: For the results analysis, 15 articles were selected, including 3 observational studies, 4 clinical trials, 7 statistical analyses, 2 systematic reviews, and 1 narrative review. The research population consisted of both healthy pregnant women and those with pre-existing conditions. Some studies were conducted in Europe, the United States, Australia, China, and South America. Conclusion: Changes in microbiota during pregnancy influence body mass index (BMI) and are associated with hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, the use of prebiotic supplements, and periodontitis. Moreover, microbiota is naturally linked to vaginal function changes, contributes to the infant’s immune system development, and provides beneficial bacteria through breast milk

Health needs: a developing concept according to Rodgers\u27 evolutionary approach

Introduction: The study of human needs by Aristotle, Freud and Murray reveals their importance in shaping personality. Aristotle sees need as something inevitable, while Freud links it to the basic impulses of the id. Murray distinguishes between primary and secondary needs, which are essential for psychological well-being. Understanding these needs is crucial for human development. The aim of this study is to analyze the concept of health needs in nursing doctoral theses using Rodgers\u27 evolutionary method.Methods: conceptual analysis based on Rodgers\u27 Evolutionary Model. Data collection in the Portuguese Open Access Scientific Repository with descriptor "Health Needs" and subject "Nursing". Applied to doctoral theses with open access. The year of publication, country of origin, concept, attributes, antecedents, consequents, substitute terms and related concepts were evaluated. Results: Seven theses were selected. They address the concept of Health Needs presented in two pillars: 1) health strategies in a relationship of reciprocity between the health professional and the approximation of the care expected with that provided; 2) the dimensions of health gains (other concepts have emerged such as practice directed towards equity and family support). Conclusions: Health needs is a dynamic concept that is an integral part of the process of theoretical development in nursing and a central focus in determining care for the person being cared for or their family

Comparative analysis of factors involved in the evolution and duration of hospitalization in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy in a second-level hospital in Ecuador

Introduction: cholelithiasis and other diseases of the gallbladder are common pathologies, with high morbidity and mortality due to complications. The increasing prevalence of these conditions has driven the search for effective surgical approaches, especially in terms of optimizing health resources. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has established itself as the preferred option over open surgery, offering potential benefits in postoperative evolution.Methods: This study reviews clinical-surgical data of patients treated by open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy, analyzing the differences in postoperative complications, duration of hospitalization and outcome in patients with comorbidities. Discussion: the results suggest that laparoscopic cholecystectomy has advantages over open surgery, highlighting a lower incidence of complications and a reduced hospital stay. These advantages are especially notable in patients with comorbidities, who benefit from a faster recovery with the laparoscopic approach. Detailed evaluation of comorbidities is crucial as they may influence prognosis and prolong hospital stay. Conclusions: laparoscopic surgery is an effective option for the treatment of gallbladder disease, with significant benefits over open surgery. This study highlights the importance of assessing comorbidities to improve recovery and optimize health resource utilization, and highlights the need for appropriate reference guidelines for general practitioners

Biodecoding: effective method as a preventive treatment of migraine in women

Introduction: Migraine is a common neurological disease. Its preventive treatment has a low adherence rate due to the adverse reaction caused by the drugs. For this reason, it is important to demonstrate the effectiveness of a comprehensive and holistic method such as Biodecoding.Aim: determine the efficacy of Biodecoding as preventive treatment of migraine in women.Methods: an experimental research was designed, pretest-postest and with a control group at the Dr. Miguel Enriquez Clinical Surgical Teaching Hospital in Havana, between November 2023 and April 2024. 40 patients were included in the study,20 who received treatment only with gabapentin (control group) and 20 who were additionally treated with biodecoding ( study group). The response was evaluated one month and three months after the intervention. Descriptive statistics and inferences were used to analyze the data.Results: in both groups after the intervention, a decrease in the frecuency, intensity and duration of migraine was observed, however this decrease was greater in the study group.Conclusions: It was conclude that Biodecoding is an effective method in the preventive treatment of migraine in women

Rehabilitation Nursing for people with Parkinson’s Disease Immobility Syndrome:a case report

Introduction: Parkinson\u27s Disease is an insidious neurodegenerative pathology that compromises mobility, balance and autonomy, significantly reducing the quality of life of the person facing this health condition. The Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist plays an essential role in mitigating these effects through interventions aimed at the autonomy and independence of the person with Parkinson\u27s Disease.Objective: Describe the benefits of implementing a rehabilitation nursing program for people with Parkinson\u27s disease immobility syndrome in a community setting.  Case Report: This is a descriptive case report of a person with immobility syndrome due to Parkinson\u27s disease. After identifying the nursing diagnoses, a care plan was drawn up centered on functional rehabilitation, focusing on body balance, muscle movement and intolerance to activity, in a home context. The therapeutic plan included home visits three times a week, including therapeutic exercises, mobilizations, balance training and muscle strengthening, as well as training for the family/caregiver.Conclusion: After two and a half months of intervention, the rehabilitation nursing plan implemented for the person with advanced Parkinson\u27s disease showed a positive evolution in mobility, muscle strength, body balance, increased functionality and, successively, independence for activities of daily living. The caregiver\u27s burden was reduced, which was reflected in an overall improvement in the family\u27s quality of life. In view of the motor and functional changes triggered by Parkinson\u27s Disease, it is essential to implement a Functional Motor and Respiratory Re-education plan, associated with training strategies, which will maximize independence and improve the quality of life of the person and the caregiver

Factors Associated, Symptoms, and Treatments of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Objective: To conduct a brief literature review on Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), its associated factors, and available treatments. Design: Literature review based on a narrative synthesis.Databases: Scopus, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Study Selection: Documents were selected through a critical literature review, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The literature analysis included a corpus of 15 articles, comprising 2 statistical analyses, 6 narrative reviews, 3 systematic reviews, 2 observational studies, and 2 clinical cases. The studies primarily involved a population of adult men and women, children, and pregnant women, mostly from low-income and vulnerable backgrounds. Patients diagnosed with GBS were associated with COVID-19, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES), Zika virus, and dengue. Conclusions: Research related to GBS highlights numerous causes and complications. GBS is significantly associated with muscle weakness, reduced mobility, and conditions such as SLE and PRES. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a slight increase in GBS cases was recorded. Although uncommon, GBS complications can lead to cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal issues. Research does not explore in-depth preventive strategies or early management of these complications. There are currently limited treatments available to improve patient outcomes

Incidence of confinement due to COVID-19 on people\u27s perception of their physical exercise habits

The present article shows research whose objective is to know the perception of people who performed physical exercise regularly before confinement in order to understand the possible changes in the routine and habits of physical exercise during the exceptional situation of confinement. It is a qualitative research, from a basic descriptive and interpretative perspective for which it is designed an open interview for a sample of 8 subjects selected for practicing physical exercise regularly before confinement and are in strict confinement. Principal conclusions show the variability of confinement experiences and a practice of physical exercise related to personal characteristics and the relevance of the knowledge about physical exercise practice to adapt the activity to personal needs

Nurses\u27 satisfaction with the implementation of a deglutition assessment procedure: cross-sectional study

Introduction: Dysphagia affects around 40 million people in Europe and increases the risk of aspiration in stroke patients by 4.08 times, making it essential to assess patients\u27 swallowing abilities. At the Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca Hospital of the Amadora-Sintra Local Health Unit, the Volume-Viscosity Clinical Exploration Method is used. In January 2024, the swallowing assessment procedure was published. This study aims to identify the degree of satisfaction of nurses from the Neurology Service and the Adult Emergency Service at HFF regarding the implementation of the swallowing assessment procedure.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A specific questionnaire was developed. The Qualtrics online platform was used to collect the data between June 3 and July 3, 2024. Quantitative data analysis was conducted.Results/Discussion: 38,46% of nurses working in these services responded to the questionnaire. The average age of the participants was 31,86 years old, with the majority working in the Adult Emergency Service. Satisfaction with the implementation of the procedure was 76,36% while satisfaction with training was 81,25%. The reported benefits of implementing the procedure were: simplicity and easy application (75,51%), easy interpretation of the result (85,71%) and facilitating the provision of an adequate diet (89,8%). These findings are evident in other studies on this topic.Conclusions: Nurses expressed satisfaction with the implementation of the procedure, as it enhances the quality of nursing care and facilitates patients’ functional readaptation

Bacterial Meningitis in Adults: A Narrative Review

Objective: To identify the etiology, risk factors, treatment, and associated sequelae of bacterial meningitis in adults. Design: A literature review based on a narrative synthesis. Data Sources: Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Redalyc, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scielo. Data Selection: Documents were selected and analyzed through a critical literature review, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 10 articles were analyzed, including 3 statistical analyses, 3 narrative reviews, 2 systematic reviews, and 2 clinical trials. The study populations included various categories: 6 articles focused on adults, 1 on males, 1 on individuals aged 25 to 50 years, and 2 involving animal experiments. Studies were conducted in various countries, including 2 in Africa, 2 in the U.S., 2 in Germany, and 1 each in Northern Ghana, Sweden, South Korea, and Egypt, contributing unique perspectives to the research. The clinical condition was characterized as follows: 3 articles highlighted the most frequent symptoms of bacterial meningitis, 4 focused on sequelae, 2 reported high fatality rates, and 1 examined early intensive care (EIC) and antibiotic recovery. Regarding socioeconomic status, 4 articles reported cases from low-income countries, 1 from high income countries, and 1 from a middle-income country. Conclusion: Bacterial meningitis represents a severe public health threat, particularly in vulnerable populations, such as older adults and those with underlying conditions. Despite the effectiveness of treatments like dexamethasone and antibiotics, the high mortality and morbidity rates emphasize the importance of early and accurate diagnosis