The middle-income trap problem faced by millennials and gen z in jakarta: Challenges and mitigating strategies

Background: This study examines the middle-income trap in Jakarta, Indonesia, which hinders economic and social advancement for middle-income individuals. The aim is to identify key factors impeding socio-economic mobility, particularly for Generation Z and Millennials. The study highlights issues such as the misalignment between educational outputs and labor market needs, lack of affordable housing, and inadequate urban infrastructure. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing reliable data from validated sources to provide critical commentary and analysis. Findings: The study suggests that integrated, multi-sectoral policy interventions are necessary. These include educational reforms, housing affordability initiatives, enhanced healthcare access, and urban infrastructure improvements. Conclusion: Addressing these issues is crucial for fostering socio-economic progress and helping Jakarta's residents overcome the middle-income trap. Novelty/Originality of this article: This article offers a unique perspective by proposing specific policy interventions that have not been extensively explored in the context of Jakarta's middle-income trap

Influence of GHG emissions intensity and ESG scores on the financial performance of publicly listed companies in the ASEAN Region

Background: Sustainability and environmental responsibility have become critical concerns in corporate governance, with GHG emissions intensity and ESG scores increasingly used as indicators of responsible business practices. However, their impact on financial performance remains a subject of debate, especially in ASEAN markets, where regulatory frameworks and investor priorities differ. This study aims to analyze the relationship between GHG semissions intensity, ESG scores, and financial performance (ROA and Tobin’s Q) in ASEAN public companies to assess how these sustainability metrics influence corporate success. Methods: The study employs fixed-effects panel regression analysis using data from Refinitiv Eikon on 220 ASEAN public companies from 2018 to 2022. The key variables include GHG emissions intensity and ESG scores as independent variables, with ROA and Tobin’s Q as dependent variables. Findings: The findings indicate that GHG emissions intensity has a slightly significant impact on ROA but does not significantly affect Tobin’s Q, suggesting that investors in ASEAN may not prioritize emissions data when evaluating corporate performance. This supports the notion that carbon emissions' financial impact varies by industry, and inconsistent regulations across ASEAN complicate emissions comparisons. In contrast, ESG scores exhibit a significant negative relationship with both ROA and Tobin’s Q, implying that while investors recognize ESG engagement as a governance signal, high implementation costs and delayed returns deter investment. Additionally, risks such as greenwashing and inconsistent ESG reporting standards further undermine the credibility of ESG metrics in ASEAN markets. Conclusion: While GHG emissions intensity shows minimal influence on profitability, ESG engagement, despite its long-term benefits, presents short-term financial challenges. The findings underscore the importance of aligning ESG efforts with corporate strategy and standardizing ESG reporting frameworks across ASEAN to enhance investor confidence. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainability and corporate performance by specifically examining ASEAN markets, which have diverse regulatory environments and investor behaviors

Combination of non-renewable and renewable natural resources for sustainable energy provision in Indonesia

Background: Development, as part of the process of advancing civilization, requires energy as one of its fundamental resources. This paper discusses the planning of a scenario for the utilization mix of non-renewable and renewable natural resources for sustainable energy supply in Indonesia. Methods: The quantitative method is used to determine the amount of energy imports that need to be reduced by utilizing renewable energy, the amount of renewable energy potential that can be optimized, and recommendations for a more ambitious but realistic energy mix. The qualitative method is used to identify which recommendations are currently effective, which are not, and those that have not yet been proposed to improve an energy mix that meets sustainability aspects. Findings: The results of a system dynamics model review support the need to accelerate the optimization of renewable energy utilization to achieve energy resilience and a strategy for developing low-carbon emission energy. To optimize the use of renewable energy, fiscal incentives from the government are necessary, along with the restructuring of energy prices to make renewable energy more competitive, support for renewable energy technology development, PLN’s (State Electricity Company/Perusahaan Listrik Negara) commitment to using renewable energy with government incentives, and consistent implementation of renewable energy regulations.  Conclusion: The energy mix strategy during this transition period is to continue increasing oil production through exploration and Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), optimize gas and coal with clean technology, and aggressively utilize renewable energy to reduce the oil import gap while transitioning to renewable energy to achieve a sustainable energy future. Novelty/Originality of this article: This article lies in its integrative use of system dynamics modeling and a mixed-method approach to propose a comprehensive, ambitious-yet-realistic energy mix strategy for Indonesia that balances non-renewable and renewable resources to achieve energy sustainability and reduce dependency on imports

Peran partisipasi stakeholder dalam reformasi birokrasi di lingkup pemerintah Kabupaten Pekalongan

Background: The purpose of this writing is to achieve more efficient, accountable, transparent, and responsive changes to meet the needs of society. By involving various parties with interests and involvement in a particular organization or institution, it is hoped that bureaucratic reform can be more successful and have a positive impact on public services and national development as a whole. Methods: Literature review from previous research is used in writing this article. Finding: The role and participation of stakeholders are crucial in the process of bureaucratic reform. Bureaucratic reform has been a major focus in efforts to improve efficiency, accountability, and quality public services in various countries. Stakeholders have great potential to contribute significantly to bureaucratic reform efforts. This article will also explore some challenges and obstacles that may be encountered in involving stakeholders in the bureaucratic reform process, such as differences in interests, lack of coordination, and resistance to change. Conclusion: With this discussion, it is hoped that relevant recommendations and strategies can be identified for stakeholders to enhance stakeholder participation and promote a more inclusive and sustainable bureaucratic reform process

Road map reformasi birokrasi pada pemerintah daerah dan korelasinya dengan dokumen RPJMD

Background: This writing is prompted by the Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation Number 96 of 2013 concerning the Designation of Areas for Bureaucratic Reform Pilot Projects in Regional Governments, supported by Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation No. 37 of 2013 concerning Guidelines for the Preparation of the Roadmap for Bureaucratic Reform in Regional Governments and its relation to the regional medium-term development plan (RPJMD). In this ministerial regulation, several regions are appointed as pilot projects for bureaucratic reform, and these designated regions must create a roadmap for bureaucratic reform for the next few years. Methods: The basic method used in this research is a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach. Finding: RPJMD documents with bureaucratic reform roadmaps in regions tend to progress independently. Conclusion: After writing about the lack of internal and universal socialization, bureaucratic reform is then formulated

Dampak perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap land surface temperature di Desa Papringan, Kecamatan Kaliwungu, Kabupaten Semarang berbasis pengindraan jauh

oai:ojs2.journal-iasssf.com:article/556Background: Semarang Regency is one of the northern coastal areas of Java Island which experiences an increase in population every year. This has led to a change in the use of green open spaces in residential areas. This research aims to determine the effect of changes in vegetation on surface temperature (land surface temperature or LST). Methods: This research uses remote sensing methods with ArcGIS 10.3 software using Landsat 7 image data for 2002 and 2012 and Landsat 8 for 2022. Finding: The results of the research show that changes in vegetation affect LST. This can be seen from the correlation value which shows a sufficient correlation in 2002 and a strong correlation in 2012 and 2022 and has a negative value which indicates that the higher the vegetation density value, the lower the surface temperature. The highest NDVI value was in 2012 with a vegetation density area of ​​160.2796 hectares and a dominant temperature in the range of 27.5-30°C. Apart from vegetation density, factors related to LST are human behaviour, such as open burning of waste. Conclusion: One mitigation that can be used to deal with climate change is the climate village program, such as increasing vegetation cover, low-emission agricultural cultivation, as well as waste, solid and liquid waste management

Climate change: Energy electricity in Indonesia

Background: Electrical energy is the energy that is currently most widely used and considered important by the world's population. This energy arises because of the difference in charge between the two points of the conductor. Electrical energy generated by a power plant. Nuclear Power Plant or PLTN is a thermal power plant that uses one or several nuclear reactors as its heat source. A nuclear power plant uses Uranium as its heat source. Maintaining the continuity of life on earth and preventing death from air pollution requires conversion from fossil energy to clean energy. Nuclear is a viable alternative to clean energy as a substitute for fossil energy. Nuclear energy has advantages over fossil energy, including cheap, clean, reliable and sustainable. The current NPP technology has been tested and has a layered design. So that for the Safety, Security and Safeguards factor a PLTN has met the requirements that have been set. It takes a good understanding of nuclear from the public. Related to the issue of climate change, nuclear does not release GHG emissions when it operates. GHG emissions are released only in indirect processes, namely construction, fuel cycle and decommissioning. Thus, the specific emissions of nuclear energy are very low, only 12g CO2 equivalent per kWh. As a comparison, pulverised coal has a specific emission of 820 g CO2 equivalent per kWh and natural gas of 490 g CO2 equivalent per kWh. Nuclear energy also does not release toxic pollutants into the air when it operates. Thus, nuclear does not contribute to causing respiratory diseases. Some people think that radiation from a nuclear power plant is potentially dangerous, but in fact the release of radiation from a nuclear power plant into the environment is very low. Therefore, the use of nuclear energy can prevent deaths due to air pollution and avoid the release of large amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. This is historically proven and has the potential to apply in future scenarios

Tingkat emisi (CO) dan upaya penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca pada sektor transportasi di Kabupaten Semarang, Jawa Tengah

Background: Greenhouse gases are gases present in the atmosphere that are beneficial in trapping solar radiation, thereby maintaining the Earth's temperature stability. However, if the concentration of greenhouse gases increases, it can lead to global warming, which impacts climate change. This research aims to present estimates of greenhouse gas emissions originating from the transportation sector in Semarang District. This is necessary to plan strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Methods: The data used are secondary data obtained from various literature studies. The data were analyzed using emission strength formulas (Q). Finding: The results of this study show that the number of motor vehicles in Semarang District in 2021 reached 559,805 with emissions produced amounting to 348,230 tons/hour. The highest percentage of emissions is from passenger cars at 42%. Conclusion: Various efforts are being made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including implementing environmental taxes and reducing the use of oil-fueled vehicles by switching to renewable technologies, such as electric vehicles.

Pengaruh tekanan waktu dan perceived value terhadap pembelian impulsif di shopee live pada konsumen skincare di Indonesia: Emotions sebagai moderasi

Product sales activities conducted through live-streaming have become a new breakthrough in the context of online shopping. The activity is supported by numerous e-commerce platforms that facilitate live product sales activities by creating a live-streaming feature. This live-streaming product sales process causes time pressures and perceived value for the audience which triggers impulsive buying behavior. This study aims to analyze the influence of time pressure, perceived value, and emotions on consumers’ impulsive buying behavior. This conclusive descriptive cross-sectional study uses the S-O-R theory approach, with the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Method (PLS-SEM). Data was collected through a survey distributed online to the buyers of skincare products on Shopee Live, aged 18 – 25 years in Indonesia. A total of 280 respondents were successfully collected through surveys using purposive sampling techniques. The results of the study explains that there is a positive influence of time pressure on impulsive buying behavior mediated by perceived value. This study is expected to help businesses and managers in determining product sales strategies during live streaming, specifically for skincare product sellers on Shopee Live

Food security policy in indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A sustainability governance perspective

Background: Food security is a multidimensional concept that encompasses availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability, and has become a central concern in global and national development agendas. The COVID-19 pandemic posed serious challenges to all subsystems of food security, particularly in Indonesia, where food vulnerability remains a persistent issue. Methods: This study aims to analyze the Indonesian government's food security policies during the COVID-19 pandemic by adopting a qualitative descriptive method through document analysis. Data were collected from various government regulations, official reports, and relevant scholarly literature issued between February 2020 and March 2021. Content and policy analysis techniques were used to examine how national-level policies addressed the four dimensions of food security under the stress of a public health crisis. Findings: The findings show that although Indonesia initially exhibited hesitation in implementing crisis response measures, it eventually issued key fiscal, health, and social protection policies that prioritized food access and distribution. Policies such as the reallocation of national budgets, logistics protocols for food distribution, and emergency cash assistance were instrumental in preventing widespread food insecurity. The study highlights that while food availability was relatively maintained, access and utilization remained fragile, especially among vulnerable populations. The integration of logistical sterilization procedures and protective equipment for food supply chain workers was also found to be an innovative measure during this period. Conclusion: The Indonesian government’s policy response played a significant role in stabilizing food security during the pandemic, yet gaps in accessibility and sustainability persisted. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study lies in its comprehensive use of policy documents to trace the government's real-time adaptation to a non-natural disaster, offering valuable insights into food system resilience under compounded crises. This analysis contributes to the broader discourse on food security policy by emphasizing the importance of preparedness, coordination, and sustainability in future emergency responses