Performance evaluation of progeny Of disseminated doyogena rams and farmers Perception toward improved rams progenies in silte And gurage zones, central ethiopia regional state, Ethiopia

The study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance of progeny sired by 65 disseminated Doyogena breed rams on local ewes in selected districts of Silte and Gurage zones. A total of 298 pregnant ewes mated with either Doyogena or local rams belonging to 235 household heads (HHs) were enrolled in monitoring study and a total of 180 HHs were included in a cross sectional survey to address reproductive performance and farmers’ perception about improved ram’s progeny. For the monitoring study, 459 births (61.66% twin), 440 weaning ages, and 400 six-month ages data were recorded and analyzed by using the general linear model of SAS procedures. Survey data was analyzed using SPSS, and an index was used for qualitative data rankin

Effect of Area Closure on rehabilitation of degraded land in Akaki District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Land degradation is a severe environmental problem in Ethiopia. Soil and water conservation as well as area closure are carried out to rehabilitate degraded land. The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of area closure and area closure with integrating SWC of soil properties, and assess the vegetation composition and socioeconomic characteristics of local surrounding communities conducted in the Bilbilo watersheds Akaki Districts, East Shewa zone, in Oromia Region. A mixed research design method was employed to take soil samples and vegetation inventory in the study areas. A diagonal transect soil sampling was established for quantitative data for soil samples, vegetation samples were taken from both sites for collecting soil samples, and vegetation data were inventorie

MODELING AND DESIGN H-INFINITY BASED ADAPTIVE FUZZY BACK STEPPING CONTROLLER FOR MAXIMUM POWER EXTRACTION IN MARINE CURRENT TURBINE

Wave current energy becomes double and highly predictable energy source. Since water is 832 times denser than air, ocean currents produce comparatively excellent amount of energy than air currents. To apply more force on the turbine, this may hit the blade. When comparing this amount with the global annual energy demand, it is possible to extract 7.65 * 1020 joules of energy annually, assuming that the ocean constitutes 70% of the planet’s surface. The turbine is disturbed by the instability of the ocean and the speed of current. This system is constantly disrupted by harmonics and mechanical vi brations brought on by storms and the action of waves. In order to tackle these issues, it is essential to implement effective power control strategies. Initially, an adaptive backstepping controller (AB) is utilized, followed by the design of an integral SMC. The ability of both controllers were evaluated within the Matlab. The research suggests that, A-BC with H-Infinity control method for marine current turbine systems, aim ing to demonstrate that F-A-BCH has enhanced resistance to interference and quicker convergence in comparison to adaptive-back-stepping control, sliding mode control, and fuzzy PI control methods in the presence of disturbances. Notably, the merged strategy, which integrates Adaptive-Back-stepping with Fuzzy H-Infinity Control, demonstrates the best overall performance, with output power error reduced to 3.2%, TSR error to 4.0%, and rotor speed error to 3.5%. This underscores the superiority of the merged approach in minimizing errors and enhancing system efficiency. Compared to other individual controller this method improves the output power by 69.5%, Tip speed ratio by 67.2%,and rotor speed by 70.3%

Assessing the Impacts of Eucalyptus Plantation Expansion on the Farm Land: The Case of Damot Gale Woreda, Wolayta Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Majority of the People in Ethiopia rely on eucalyptus for socioeconomic benefits. As a result, the conversion of farmlands into eucalyptus woodlots has sparked significantly. There has been still a concern on eucalyptus expansion on charge . The study aimed at assessing the impact of eucalyptus plantation expansion on the farm land in the case of Damot Gale woreda, Wolaita zone, southern Ethiopia . Spatial data were collected different years' (1993,2003,2013 and 2023) satellite imageries were used to effectively analyze LULC changes patch to compute the trend of eucalyptus expansion . Around 165 sample points were collected using handheld GPS Garmin 72 to check the image classification accurac

Design and numerical simulation of CuBi2O4 solar cells with graphene quantum dots as hole transport layer under ideal and non-ideal conditions

The simulation of ideal and non-ideal conditions using the SCAPS-1D simulator for novel structure Ag/FTO/CuBi2O4/GQD/Au was done for the first time. The recombination of charge carriers in CuBi2O4 is an inherent problem due to very low hole mobility and polaron transport in the valence band. The in-depth analysis of the simulation result revealed that Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) can act as an appropriate hole transport layer (HTL) and can enhance hole transportation. The simulation was done under ideal and nonideal conditions. The non-ideal conditions include parasitic resistances, reflection losses, radiative, and Auger recombination whereas the ideal condition was studied without the inclusion of any losses. Under ideal conditions, the cell Ag/FTO/CuBi2O4/GQD/Au exhibited a photovoltaic (PV) parameter such as open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Jsc), fill factor (FF), photo conversion efficiency (PCE) are 1.39 V, 25.898 mA/cm2, 90.92%, and 32.79%, respectively. The effect of various cell parameters such as the thickness of the absorber layer, HTL layer, and FTO, acceptor and defect density, the bandgap of the absorber and HTL layer, series and shunt resistance, back and front contact materials, radiation and Auger recombination of the absorber layer, reflection losses on the efficiency of the proposed cell is analysed. The drastic reduction in all PV parameters was observed under non-ideal conditions and the PV parameters are Voc (1.22 V), Jsc (2.904 mA/cm2), FF (86.3), and PCE of 3.06%. The charge kinetics such as impedance, conductivity, and capacitance plots, and possible reasons for reductions in PV parameters are discussed in detail

Determinants of Income Diversification and its extent in rural household: The case of Chora boter District, Jimma zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Agriculture is considered as a strong option and fundamental instrument for spurring growth and sustainable development, poverty reduction, and enhancing food security in developing countries like Ethiopia. The aim of this study was designed to analyzing factor affecting participation of smallholder farmers’income diversification and the level of income diversification in chora boter district, jima zone, oromia regional state, ethiopia.however, still the majority of small holder farmers in the study were under povert

Prevalence invetigation of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Apparent density Tsestse of in selected districts of Ilu Ababor Zone, South West Ethiopia

Trypanosomosis is one of the major protozoans and neglected tropical disease caused by unicellular parasites (Genus Trypanosoma),found in the blood and other tissues of vertebrates. A cross-sectional study was carried out in selected districts of Ilu Ababor zone,from May 2024 to September 2024 to estimate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and assess the apparent density of tsetse flies. A total of 604 bovine blood specimens were collected from randomly sampled cattle and examined using buffy coat and hematologic techniques for PCV determination.Descriptive statistics, t-test and logistic regression models were used to analysis data.The overall prevalence was 6.62%, the infection was mainly caused by Trypanosoma congolense, 65%, Trypanosoma vivax, 32.5% and T.Brucei 2.5%. Higher prevalence was observed in animals with black coat colored (13.75%) and also poor body condition (10.33%) found to be statistically significant difference(P= 0.001 )

Geoinformatics and AHP multi criteria decision making integrated f lood hazard zone mapping over Modjo catchment, Awash river basin, central Ethiopia

Flood hazards are natural disasters that profoundly influence the environment and society. To effectively control the incidence of flooding, it is crucial to identify and map regions susceptible to flooding. The Modjo catchment is frequently hampered by flooding, making it crucial to map and identify flood hazard zones. This study aimed to identify and locate the flood hazard zones of the Modjo catchment employing the integrated use of multi-criteria decision-making and geoinformatics tools. Ten influencing factors were used to develop flood hazard zones: drainage density, curvature, rainfall, distance from the river, soil type, elevation, slope, topographic wetness index, land use/cover, and the normal ized difference vegetation index. Subsequently, raster-formatted thematic layers of these influencing elements were created, and appropriate weighting was assigned based on their relative responses to the occurrence of flood events and overlayed using the overlay GIS spatial analysis tool. The flood hazard potential zone in the study area was generated and classified into five groups: negligible, low, intermediate, high, and severe. According to the results, the negligible, low, intermediate, high, and severe zones were represented by 0.686% (9.74 km2), 16.73516% (237.5649 km2) 74.12% (1052.28 km2), 8.44% (119.94 km2), and 0.0012% (0.018 km2), respectively. The weighting and ranking processes are well reflected in the final flood hazard zone map. The results revealed that a substantial area of the catchment is at risk. Ulti mately, 29 observed flood datasets were used to confirm the outcome, yielding an accuracy of > 75% and an area under the ROC curve of 0.868. Most of the flood point data were found in high and severe regions. Considering the verified results, relevant organizations should participate in creating sustainable management plans

Assessment of Sero-Prevalence of Camel Brucellosis, Risk Factors, and Community awareness in Borena Zone, Oromia, Southern Ethiopia

Brucellosis, caused by gram-negative bacteria, is a neglected zoonotic disease affecting domestic animals and wildlife, particularly prevalent in East Africa, including Ethiopia. This study aimed to estimate seroprevalence of camel brucellosis, associated risk factors and assessment of community knowledge about brucellosis in the study area. Across-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2024 in the Gomole and Elwaye Districts of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 384 camels from 74 house hold (herds) were randomly sampled. Serum samples were screened using the Rose Bengal plate test, with positive cases confirmed by an Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The overall prevalence of camel Brucellosis was found to be 2.86%with 95% and (CI: 1.6-5.1) (3.6% in Elwaye and 2.1% in Gomole), with a herd-level prevalence of 13.51%with 95% and (CI:7.5-23.1)

ASSESSMENT of CURRENT SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN CONSTRUCTION BUILDING PROJECT in JIMMA TOWN, ETHIOPIA

Rapid growth in construction activities as a result of a growing population and urbanization in many parts of the world generates a large amount of waste from construction which is recognized as a major problem in many construction project and Construction waste generation has been identified as one of the major issues in the construction industry due to its direct impacts on the environment as well as the efficiency of the construction industry. Almost every time the construction and demolition waste end up settling in landfills disrupting the environmental, economic, and social life cycle. One of the effective ways to control construction waste is adoption of sustainable construction waste management practices and Sustainable construction waste management practices is one of focal point in many countries in the world and this study assesses the current sustainable waste management practices implemented in Ethiopia, the case of Jimma town, Data for the research was collected by using both primary and secondary sources, the main tools for the collection of data were questionnaires, interviews and site visit. The collected data was categorized and analyzed using SPSS software. From the result of study 17 contracting companies only 5(29.4%) among the surveyed contracting companies have specific strategies to manage the construction materials waste in building construction projects and they try to manage their wastes in sustainable way and the results from analysis of factors of waste generation ranked from the first to fifth position by contractors and consultants that the most significant factors causing construction waste on building construction projects are:- Materials handling and storage factors, Site management and practices factors, Design and documentation factors, Operations factors and Site supervision factors respectively.From factors affecting sustainable waste management practices during the progress of construction more stakeholders believe that construction material waste frequently happens mostly in materials handling and storage problem and due to poor Site management & practice.The results from analysis of impacts of poor implementation of sustainable waste management show that most of the respondent’s aware or mainly focused on the economical impacts of waste rather than environmental and social impacts and Most of them raised the impact of waste related to the cost due to wastage and few raised environmental impacts and social impacts. Contractors should prepare good handling and storing materials on site and should Preparing sustainable waste management plan to minimize the waste and the owners, consultants and contractors give more attention to environmental impact additionally to economic impacts