Bridging the gap between understanding and action: A participatory study on watershed conservation

Background: Watershed conservation in Poboya Village, Mantikulore District is very important to maintain ecosystem balance and environmental sustainability, considering that the river plays a role as the main source of water for downstream areas. This study aims to find out the role of the community in watershed conservation in Poboya Village, Mantikulore District. Method: This research was carried out in Poboya Village, Mantikulore District for 1 month, from April to May 2025. The sampling technique used was snowball sampling. The data collection of this research was carried out through the distribution of questionnaires with a Likert scale, conducting in-depth interviews, and using an open-ended approach. Findings: The results of the research obtained from 30 respondents in Poboya Village, Mantikulore District, found that the level of public understanding of watershed conservation is classified as high, with an average score of 116. This shows that the community in general has a good understanding of the concept, function, and importance of watershed conservation, including the influence of natural factors and human activities on the condition of watershed ecosystems. The role of the community in watershed conservation efforts is also categorized as moderate, with an average score of 86. Less active communities participate in various conservation activities such as planting trees on riverbanks, domestic waste management, the use of conservative agricultural techniques, and involvement in environmental outreach and campaigns. Conclusion: The community in Poboya Village shows a strong understanding of watershed conservation but demonstrates moderate levels of participation in related activities. There is a need to enhance community involvement in practical conservation efforts through increased education, outreach, and empowerment initiatives. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This study contributes to the understanding of community-based watershed conservation by highlighting the disparity between awareness and active participation, specifically in a local village context where water resources are directly linked to the livelihoods of downstream populations

Value-added analysis of tuna fish floss: A case study of IKM Raja Bawang in supporting food security

Background: Agroindustry is one of the strategic solutions in the development of fishery products, as it not only increases fishery yields but also contributes to improving income and strengthening the regional economy. Additionally, processing fish into value-added products, such as shredded tuna, can support food security through the diversification of processed products with longer shelf life and preserved nutritional value. This study aims to analyze the added value of processing tuna into shredded fish and its contribution to food security. Method: The research location was determined puIDRosive, based on the consideration that Raja Bawang IKM is one of the growing agro-industrial businesses producing shredded tuna in Palu City. Respondents were also selected puIDRosively through direct interviews with 1 leader/owner of Raja Bawang IKM, 1 deputy leader, and 4 employees. Thus, the total number of respondents was 6 people who had the competence to provide information related to the business and production of shredded fish. The data used in this study include both primary and secondary data. Value-added analysis was conducted using the Hayami method to determine output value, added value, profit, and labor contribution. Findings: The results show that the processing of tuna into shredded fish at Raja Bawang IKM generates an added value of IDR 40,163/kg with an added value ratio of 37.61%. The resulting profit reached IDR 16,163/kg with a profit rate of 40.24%. Conclusion: The findings indicate that processing tuna into shredded tuna not only provides economic benefits to business actors but also supports food security by supplying processed fish products with high nutritional value and longer shelf life. Novelty/Originality of This Article: It highlights the dual impact of value-added processing in enhancing business profitability and supporting local food security—an area that has received limited attention in prior studies, particularly in the context of micro-scale industries

The role of mangrove forests in socio-economic adaptation to coastal morphological changes: Community-based strategies for shoreline shifts and environmental degradation

Background: The northern coast of Java, especially Demak Regency, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters and human-induced shoreline changes, leading to environmental degradation and direct impacts on local communities. Previous studies have not fully addressed the effects on populations or adaptation strategies. This study aims to assess the effects of shoreline changes on ecosystems and communities while identifying community-based adaptation strategies. Methods: A literature review was conducted, analyzing recent academic articles on shoreline changes and community adaptations. Data were selected based on relevance and analyzed qualitatively to explore the relationship between coastal changes and adaptation strategies. Findings: Shoreline changes are the primary driver of vulnerability in Demak, correlating with mangrove decline. Communities adapt by relying on mangrove ecosystems and implementing socio-economic and structural adjustments to cope with environmental shifts. Conclusion: Shoreline changes significantly affect coastal environments and local communities, necessitating integrated adaptation strategies. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study highlights the relationship between shoreline changes and community adaptations, emphasizing the critical role of mangroves in socio-ecological resilience

Floriculture: A comparative insight of environmental business opportunities in Indonesia and India

Background: Floriculture, a specialized field within horticulture, focuses on the cultivation of ornamental plants such as cut flowers, potted plants, and garden plants. This study examines and compares the floriculture industries of India and Indonesia by analyzing production practices, export patterns, economic contributions, and the role of government policies. Methods: This article employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, focusing on recent publications (2021-2024) from Google Scholar to explore floriculture trends in India and Indonesia. The literature selection follows the PRISMA guidelines, combining studies on production, exports, economic impact, and government policies to provide a comprehensive view of the floriculture sectors in both countries. Findings: India has made substantial progress in floriculture, particularly in cut flower exports, driven by supportive national programs such as the National Horticulture Mission (NHM) and the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA). These initiatives have supported infrastructure development, market access, and technology upgradation, enabling India to strengthen its position in the global floriculture market. Indonesia, despite its enormous potential due to its biodiversity and tropical climate, faces challenges such as limited infrastructure and insufficient production to meet global demand. Conclusion: The findings highlight that increasing technological innovation, improving supply chain infrastructure, and implementing supportive policies are critical to unlocking the full potential of floriculture in both countries. For Indonesia, prioritizing infrastructure and market development is essential, while India can benefit from further innovation and expanded market access. Novelty/Originality of this article: The study underscores the importance of a strategic approach to capitalizing on global demand for ornamental plants, ensuring long-term growth and sustainability

Prospects for nuclear power plant development in Indonesia: A DPSIR framework analysis for sustainable energy transition, economic implications, and environmental considerations

Background: Coal-fired power plants have historically dominated Indonesia's power sector. Using fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas) is recognized as the most significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that cause the climate crisis. Methods: Therefore, this paper examines the possibility of developing a nuclear power plant in Indonesia by conducting a systematic literature review for relevant references and adopting the DPSIR (Driving Force – Pressure – State – Impact – Response) framework. Findings: The result shows that nuclear power applications could be more attractive than the development of other renewable energy sources (wind, solar) in the future because of the non-intermittent low-carbon technology with large output and longer operating life. Besides technical issues, understanding public opinion is essential for creating effective nuclear energy policies. This study emphasizes the crucial factor for Indonesia's future nuclear energy development. The successful implementation of Indonesia's climate action strategy through nuclear power will be enabled by developing collaboration between stakeholders (government, local communities, researchers, and corporate partners) and creating opportunities for international cooperation. Conclusion: The threat posed by global climate change has attracted attention worldwide, including Indonesia. Under Indonesia's ambitious decarbonization target and the issue of energy security, adopting nuclear power in Indonesia's electricity system is considered a significant effort for sustainability in the energy transition in the future. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in the systematic approach in analyzing the potential development of nuclear power plants (PLTN) in Indonesia using the DPSIR framework (Driving Force - Pressure - State - Impact - Response)

Impact Analysis of Forest and Peatland Landscape Change: Socio-Economic and Environmental Implications

Background: Forest fires represent natural disasters that often stem from environmental conditions, including events like El Niño or extreme climatic situations. Rainfall, a crucial factor, plays a role in influencing extreme climate occurrences. Areas with high potential for forest fires encompass conservation zones closely linked to human activities. An illustrative example is the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS), which serves both as a conservation and tourist area. The presence of human tourists or visitors in these conservation zones creates conditions conducive to forest fires, particularly when supported by extreme climatic conditions. Method: This study used field observation methods, satellite data analysis, and interviews with authorities and environmental experts. The data collected included the area affected, the plant types, and the environmental conditions after the fire. Findings: TNBTS experiences a specific rainfall pattern, with the lowest precipitation observed in May-Jun-Jul-Aug-Sept and the highest in Nov-Dec-Jan-Feb-Mar. During periods of low rainfall, TNBTS becomes susceptible to fires, necessitating preventative measures in the month leading up to the dry season. Initiating preventative actions at the onset of the dry season, notably in May, is crucial for controlling forest fires. Analyzing hotspot data of fire incidents from 2001 to 2020 reveals peak occurrences among other nationalities in 2001, 2014, and 2019. Identification based on data indicates that not all hotspots signify fire incidents; some result from heat emanating from Mount Semeru's crater at the TNBTS location. Conclusion: This article concludes the importance of cooperation between authorities, environmental organizations, and communities in forest fire prevention and recovery efforts in Bromo National Park. Novelty/Originality in this article: This study also offers a new perspective in the interpretation of hotspot data by distinguishing between forest fires and volcanic activity and identifying May as a critical period for initiating preventive action analysis based on long-term rainfall patterns

The impact of mangrove forest density on marine debris accumulation: Implications for ecosystem health and sustainable coastal management

Background: Marine debris refers to all solid materials resulting from human activities that are found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, seas, and coastal areas. These materials directly threaten aquatic ecosystems' health and productivity and require specific actions to prevent and mitigate their negative impacts. In mangrove ecosystems, the density of mangrove vegetation may influence the accumulation of marine debris. This study investigates the relationship between mangrove density and the abundance and types of marine debris around Kassikebo Pier, Pangkep Regency. Methods: The research employed the parallel line method for sampling marine debris and a 10 m x 10 m transect for assessing mangrove density. The study was conducted across three stations with varying mangrove densities: sparse, medium, and dense. The abundance and percentage mass of debris were calculated based on size and type. Physical oceanographic parameters were also measured, such as current direction, velocity, and tidal patterns. The mangrove species were identified, and their densities were analyzed to determine their correlation with marine debris abundance. Findings: The study revealed that macro-sized debris dominated across all stations. At Station 1 (sparse mangrove density), the abundance of macro debris was 0.45 pieces/m² and 7.97 grams/m²; at Station 2 (medium density), it was 0.66 pieces/m² and 14.75 grams/m²; and at Station 3 (dense mangrove density), it was 1.05 pieces/m² and 21.48 grams/m². Plastic was the most dominant type of debris at all stations. The mangrove species identified in the area included Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, and Rhizophora mucronata, with Avicennia alba being the most abundant. Conclusions: The study found a positive correlation between mangrove density and the abundance of marine debris, indicating that denser mangroves tend to trap more debris. Novelty/originality of this article: his research highlights the link between mangrove density and marine debris accumulation, stressing the need for plastic waste management in mangrove-rich areas. It offers recommendations for local governments and communities to adopt the 3R approach

Corporate environmental compliance and sustainability in palm oil plantation activities

Background: One key aspect of sustainable palm oil industry development is responsible environmental management. The Indonesian government, through the Ministry of Agriculture, mandates that oil palm plantation companies implement Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) standards. A crucial requirement includes conducting an Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA) and obtaining environmental permits. Companies must enhance their sustainability performance, particularly in environmental management. Methods: The research method used is to review environmental management documents and evaluate the results of laboratory analysis that have been obtained by PT. T. Data collection in this study was carried out through observation, interviews and literature studies. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the implementation or implementation of the RKL-RPL of Oil Palm Plantations of PT. T with reference to environmental documents. Findings: Findings indicate that PT. T's Environmental Impact Analysis/Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (AMDAL) implementation complies with regulatory requirements. The Environmental Management Plan/Rencana Pengelolaan Lingkungan (RKL)—Environmental Monitoring Plan/Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan (RPL) implementation is considered effective due to strong internal and external communication and coordination. Effective environmental management is driven by clear policies, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and competent human resources. Additionally, the company benefits from a well-structured organization, sufficient facilities, and adequate funding. Conclusion: The implementation of PT T's Environmental Management Plan/Rencana Pengelolaan Lingkungan (RKL)—Environmental Monitoring Plan/Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan (RPL) in environmental management has been effective due to intensive communication, internal-external coordination, and the support of clear policies and standard operating procedures (SOPs). This success is supported by competent human resources, a well-structured organization, as well as adequate facilities and funding. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive evaluation of corporate environmental management effectiveness, offering valuable insights into best practices for sustainable palm oil production in Indonesia

Impact analysis of forest and peatland landscape change: Socio-economic and environmental implications

Background:  Peat forest land is highly susceptible to burning and releasing stored carbon and greenhouse gas emissions into the earth's atmosphere when its water content is used for plantations, agriculture and other uses. This study was conducted to analyze the progress of forest and peatland landscape development in Katingan District, Central Kalimantan Province and its potential ecological impacts on the environment. Methods: This research approach uses a quantitative approach to analyze landscape changes that occur within five years, namely in 2015 and 2020. The research was conducted by examining secondary data only. Finding:  The results of this study show that the contrast in land increase between forest and peat land and non-forest land is not significant, as shown by the ratio of forest and peat land/non-forest land which increased by only 0.02 or 2% between 2015 and 2020. If the area of non-forest land continues to increase in the future, Katingan Regency is predicted to have a higher vulnerability to natural disasters. Conclusion: The results of land cover/landscape change in Katingan District, both forest and peatland (consisting of primary dry forest, secondary dry forest, secondary mangrove, swamp, swamp scrub, and secondary swamp forest) and non-forest land, both increased in area, respectively by 26,532.61 ha and 4813.64 ha from 2015 to 2020. Novelty of This Study: This study provides a unique perspective on the ecological impact of land cover changes in Katingan District by analyzing a five-year landscape transformation using a quantitative approach

Analysis of the direct benefits of timber and fisheries in the mangrove forest of Babulu Laut Village, North Penajam Paser Regency

Background: Mangrove forests are one of the natural resources of coastal areas that have an important role in terms of social, economic, and ecological aspects. The values contained in mangrove forests can be evaluated economically using the economic valuation method. This study aims to determine the direct benefits and economic value of direct benefits from mangrove forests in Babulu Laut Village. Method: The time needed for this study is more or less effective starting from April 2023 – November 2023. The sampling technique or key respondents as many as 1 respondent and case respondents were carried out by accidental sampling as many as 41 respondents. Data processing and analysis using qualitative descriptive analysis methods and quantitative descriptive analysis with economic valuation methods. Data types are primary and secondary data. Result: From the results of this study shows that the direct benefits in the mangrove forest of Babulu Laut Village which has an area of approximately 1,000 ha, namely the benefits of wood and the benefits of fisheries consisting of the benefits of fish, shrimp, crabs and seaweed. The total value of direct benefits of mangrove forests in Babulu Laut Village is Rp.404,069,141,162.00/year, this value consists of wood benefits with income of Rp.69,166,666,667/year, fish with income of Rp.40,085,011,187.00/year, shrimp with income of Rp.63,932,374,635.00/year, crabs with income of Rp.34,075,518,808.00/year, seaweed with income of Rp.196,809,569,866.00 per year. Conclusion: The greatest value of direct benefits is obtained from seaweed products, while the smallest income comes from crab benefits.  Novelty/Originality of this study: This study presents the comprehensive economic valuation of the direct benefits of mangrove forests. It provides an in-depth understanding of the economic contribution of various mangrove forest products to local communities. The findings provide an empirical basis for decision-making in sustainable mangrove forest management by highlighting the economic potential that needs to be optimally exploited, particularly in the seagrass sector