Implementation of the social assistance program for people with severe disabilities: A disability and social inclusion perspective

Background: The assumption that disability is a disgrace, curse and shame makes families not open about their family members who have disabilities. In addition, the assessment of society that considers people with disabilities to be unproductive and unable to carry out tasks and responsibilities because of their physical disabilities. Often people with disabilities are equated with sick people, helpless, so they do not need to be given education and work, just pitied and cared for for their survival. Methods: This research approach is a qualitative approach, namely by reviewing data that begins with reviewing all available data from various data sources that have been collected, studying data, reviewing, compiling it into a unit. Findings: People with disabilities face both physical and mental limitations, compounded by a lack of support from their families and communities. This isolation leads to feelings of inferiority, social difficulties, and limited participation in life’s activities. Their social roles are often hindered, resulting in further marginalization. Conclusion: Based on data from the results of the research conducted, the Implementation of the Social Assistance Program for People with Severe Disabilities (ASPDB) in Harjosari II Village has not been running well. Of the four variables of George C. Edward III's Implementation Theory, only variable (3) disposition has been running well. While variables (1) communication (2) resources and (4) bureaucratic structure have not been running well. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study offers a unique perspective on the challenges in implementing the Social Assistance Program for People with Severe Disabilities/Asistensi Sosial Penyandang Disabilitas Berat (ASPDB) in Harjosari II Village, using George C. Edward III's Implementation Theory. It highlights issues in communication, resources, and bureaucratic structure, contributing valuable insights for improving disability support programs

The social security for female workers in Indonesia: A gender equality perspective

Background: The number of women workers in Indonesia has increased steadily from 2020 to 2024. Women have reproductive roles and are entitled to rights in the workplace, including maternity leave, miscarriage leave, menstrual leave, and breastfeeding breaks. However, these rights are sometimes not provided according to Indonesian Law Number 13 of 2003 on Manpower. Maternity rights are crucial for women’s well-being and should be granted in line with applicable laws. Methods: The research method used in this journal is a literature review in the form of case studies. Seven case journals in Indonesia were used as the primary references for this study. The research was conducted without comparing the main reference journals. Findings: The study found that women workers, both formal and informal, are employed across various sectors in Indonesia. Social protection guarantees for women, such as social insurance and employer obligations, exist but are not consistently implemented. Some companies cooperate with BPJS Employment, while others provide maternity, miscarriage, menstrual leave, and breastfeeding breaks. However, the lack of proper supervision by the government and labor unions has led to insufficient implementation of these protections, hindering the improvement of women’s welfare. Conclusion: Social protection for women workers must be fulfilled by employers to ensure that women workers can still exercise their reproductive rights. Providing social protection in accordance with applicable regulations for women workers can enhance the social welfare of women workers. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study offers a unique perspective on the challenges in implementing social protection for women workers in Indonesia, highlighting gaps in supervision and enforcement, as well as the importance of fulfilling reproductive rights to improve women’s well-being

Impact analysis of street children empowerment program in the context of social inclusion

Background: PT. PHE ONWJ has conducted various community development programs but has never evaluated the impact of these programs using the Social Return on Investment (SROI) framework. This study aims to analyze the impact of one such program, the Street Children Empowerment Program, using SROI in the Tanjung Priok District, DKI Jakarta. Previous research highlights the importance of measuring social value creation to ensure sustainable community development. Methods: This research employs a mixed-method approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires with 46 respondents. The outcomes were analyzed using the sustainability compass approach, focusing on four aspects: Nature, Economy, Society, and Wellbeing.  Findings: The SROI ratio was found to be positive at 1:7.94, with the economic aspect contributing the largest benefits. The most significant impact occurred in 2013, and the stakeholders who benefited the most were the Kumala Foundation. Conclusion: The study demonstrates a positive return on investment for the Street Children Empowerment Program, with a notable impact in economic outcomes. The Kumala Foundation emerged as the most significant stakeholder benefiting from the program.  Novelty/Originality of this article: This study is the first to apply the SROI framework in evaluating PT. PHE ONWJ's community development program, offering valuable insights into measuring social value and demonstrating the effectiveness of empowerment initiatives for street children

Empowerment and empowerment aspects of orphans through the Mandiri Entrepreneur Center Jakarta program

Background: This research is motivated by the condition of underprivileged orphans who are unable to pursue higher education and secure decent jobs due to the death of their parents and the poverty they experience. Meanwhile, the empowerment of underprivileged orphans, which is typically carried out by orphanages, is usually only done until they graduate from high school. Therefore, further empowerment is needed for underprivileged orphans to achieve their welfare. This research aims to explain the empowerment and aspects of power of underprivileged orphans developed through the Mandiri Entrepreneur Center (MEC) Jakarta program. Methods: This research uses a qualitative and descriptive approach conducted from March to June 2024. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, participation observations, and literature studies involving twelve informants, namely four program implementers and eight students. Finding: The results of this research show that the empowerment of underprivileged orphans by MEC Jakarta, which focuses on digital business, consists of new student admissions, student orientation, education and training classes, service, internship, employment, and graduation. The process of empowering underprivileged orphans can be seen from increasing students' capacity, knowledge, skills, and learning motivation. A strength perspective is found in MEC Jakarta activities, which focus on developing the capacity and potential possessed by the underprivileged orphans as students. Empowerment is carried out so that the underprivileged orphans can have power. The aspects of power developed in this program are the power to make personal choices and determine life opportunities, define needs, think, access and utilize resources, and engage in economic activities. This power enables underprivileged orphans to improve their lives. Concluison: The empowerment process in MEC Jakarta emphasizes the potential of underprivileged orphans so that they can have aspects of empowerment in order to change their life for the better through employment. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty/originality of this article lies in analyzing MEC Jakarta’s empowerment model, which uniquely focuses on developing digital business skills to enhance underprivileged orphans’ power, choices, and economic independence

The functionality of the family in building the resilience of narcotics abusers undergoing rehabilitation

Background: Drug abuse remains a serious global and national issue, with South Sumatra among the provinces with the highest prevalence in Indonesia. Rehabilitation efforts often face challenges such as relapse, which is influenced by internal and external factors, particularly family support and functioning. This study aims to examine the role of family functioning in strengthening the individual resilience of narcotics abusers undergoing rehabilitation in South Sumatra Province. Methods: This study employed a quantitative causal design using a survey method and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the influence of family functioning on individual resilience among 106 narcotics abusers undergoing rehabilitation in South Sumatra. Findings: The findings reveal that family functionality significantly affects individual resilience (path coefficient = 0.60; t = 5.20), indicating that emotional support, parental involvement, and effective communication play a critical role in preventing relapse during rehabilitation. Conclusion: The research shows that family functionality plays a vital role in fostering resilience among narcotics abusers by providing emotional support, open communication, and guidance throughout the rehabilitation process. Active family involvement, especially in supervision and positive engagement, significantly aids in preventing relapse and sustaining recovery. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty/originality of this article lies in quantitatively analyzing how specific aspects of family functioning significantly enhance individual resilience and reduce relapse risk among narcotics abusers undergoing rehabilitation in South Sumatra

The association between inclusive leadership and pro-social rule breaking: Gender as moderator

Background: This study explores the relationship between inclusive leadership and pro-social rule breaking (PSRB), with gender as a moderating factor. Drawing on role theory, it posits that women and men may exhibit different behaviors in work contexts. While women are typically linked with communal, socially oriented behaviors, men tend to show agentic, achievement-focused behaviors. This difference may influence how men and women respond to inclusive leadership in the workplace, including their likelihood of engaging in PSRB. Methods: The study involved employees from hospitality companies in Indonesia (N=193). Data were collected through an online survey, and the relationships were analyzed using Hayes' PROCESS macro on SPSS software. Findings: Inclusive leadership was found to have a negative correlation with PSRB. Gender moderated this relationship, with a significant negative correlation between inclusive leadership and PSRB in male participants, and a positive but non-significant correlation in female participants. Conclusion: The findings suggest that inclusive leadership influences PSRB differently based on gender, with men showing a stronger negative association. This highlights the need to consider gender when studying leadership styles and their impact on workplace behavior. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study contributes to the literature by examining the role of gender in the relationship between inclusive leadership and PSRB, offering insights into how inclusive leadership can differently affect men and women in the workplace

Understanding parenting patterns and their influence on the nutritional status of stunted toddlers: A phenomenological study

Background: Stunting in toddlers remains a critical public health concern in Indonesia due to its long-term effects on child development, quality of life, and national human capital. It is not merely a result of chronic undernutrition, but also deeply influenced by parental care patterns—especially those of mothers socioeconomic conditions, nutritional literacy, time constraints, and engagement with primary health services such as posyandu and community clinics. Despite multiple government interventions, stunting rates remain high, highlighting a gap between policy frameworks and ground realities. Methods: This study employs a qualitative phenomenological approach to explore how low-income mothers manage household food security, develop feeding strategies, and respond to the risk of stunting. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Thematic analysis was conducted through transcription, data reduction, coding, and interpretive synthesis. Findings: Often shaped by children's activity levels rather than biomedical indicators. Community health interventions were found more effective when participatory and trust-based. The study identifies a significant gap between technocratic approaches focused on nutrition metrics and the contextual needs of mothers. Conclusion: Advocating for locally grounded, dialogic, and empowering interventions that strengthen emotional, social, and cultural capacities to sustain household nutritional resilience. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty/originality of this article lies in exploring mothers’ lived experiences managing stunting risk, revealing gaps between technocratic nutrition policies and the contextual, culturally grounded needs of low-income Indonesian families

The effect of dark triad leadership on emotional manipulation: The role of gender as moderator

Background: Emotional intelligence is vital in organizations, but it can also lead to negative behaviors like emotional manipulation. This manipulation is linked to dark triad leadership (narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy) and gender differences. Previous studies have shown inconsistent findings on how emotional manipulation relates to these traits and the role of gender, with some suggesting men are more prone to emotional manipulation. Methods: This study tests the effects of narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy on emotional manipulation and examines gender as a moderator. Participants included 216 individuals from various organizations in Indonesia who were over 18 and had subordinates. The study used the Short Dark Triad (SD3) and Emotional Manipulation Scale (EMS), with data analyzed through multiple linear regression and Hayes' regression model 1.  Findings: The results showed that only machiavellianism and psychopathy significantly influenced emotional manipulation, while narcissism did not. Gender did not moderate the relationship between dark triad leadership and emotional manipulation. Conclusion: The study highlights that only certain dark triad traits contribute to emotional manipulation, and gender does not influence this relationship. Novelty/Originality of the Study: This research offers a clearer understanding of how specific dark triad traits influence emotional manipulation in the workplace, with gender playing no moderating role. It challenges previous assumptions about gender differences in emotional manipulation, providing new insights for leadership studies

Socio-economic factors influencing the voting behavior of people with disabilities in developing nations

Background: In developing nations, people with disabilities face systemic barriers that impede their full participation in political processes, particularly in voting. This paper explores the intersection of disability and socio-economic factors, analyzing how poverty, education, employment status, and social marginalization affect the voting behavior of disabled individuals. Despite the recognized right to vote, people with disabilities are often excluded from the electoral process due to physical inaccessibility, lack of disability-inclusive policies, and socioeconomic constraints. Methods: Through a sociological lens, this study examines how these individuals' political engagement is shaped by structural inequalities, highlighting the compounded impact of disability and economic disadvantage on voter turnout and political participation. Drawing on case studies from low-resource settings. Findings: This paper demonstrates that people with disabilities in developing countries face multiple barriers to exercising their right to vote. These barriers include accessible polling stations, voter education, and legal frameworks protecting political rights. These structural inequalities directly impact the voting behavior and levels of political participation of people with disabilities, particularly in resource-limited settings. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of inclusive policy reforms to eliminate the specific barriers that people with disabilities face in the electoral process. This requires accessibility to polling stations, voter education targeted to disability groups, and legal protection of their political rights. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty/originality of this article lies in its sociological analysis of how disability intersects with poverty, education, and employment to shape political participation, emphasizing structural barriers and advocating for inclusive electoral policies in developing nations

Effective strategies and practical implementation in teaching english to deaf students: Insights from a qualitative case study of communication approaches and learning media

Background: Deafness is a condition when a person cannot hear, either partially or completely. Deaf students have different ways of communicating with other people, including the way they learn things. Teachers need to use special methods in teaching deaf students so that the objectives of the teaching and learning process can be achieved. This research aims to identify the strategies used by teachers in teaching English to deaf students and find out how these strategies are implemented. Methods: This research uses a qualitative descriptive method and is based on a case study at SMPLB Karya Bakti Don Bosco Wonosobo (Special School for the Deaf). To find answers to these problems, this study interviewed an English teacher about the strategies implemented during the learning process in the classroom. To obtain more in-depth data, researchers also conducted classroom observations. Findings: This research shows that teachers use sign language strategies, read lips and use various media. As for the implementation of this strategy, the teacher focuses more on enriching students' vocabulary, the teacher speaks slowly and clearly when using sign language. teachers teach simple conversations; teachers use varied media. Conclusion: Teaching English to deaf students requires tailored strategies such as sign language, lip-reading, and media use, which must be implemented with patience and persistence to support effective learning. Novelty/Originality of this article: The findings in this study emphasize the fact that teaching deaf students requires excessive effort and great persistence, and the strategies presented in this study can be useful for other English teachers teaching deaf students