PDD 構造を有するＸ線 SOI-CMOS 検出器の開発

宮崎大学博士（工学）doctoral thesi

Malignant myoepithelioma of the sublingual salivary gland in a Japanese Black cow

A six years and four months old Japanese Black cow presented with a solid mass in the left and middle mandible. Treatment involved the administration of antibiotics and the mass was surgically removed. Recurrence of the mass was observed, and the cow exhibited hypersalivation and anorexia before dying naturally. A necropsy revealed a solid subcutaneous mass infiltrating the oral cavity and the left mandibular bone, with hemorrhage and necrosis. Histopathological examination revealed clear, plasmocytic, spindle-shaped, or polygonal neoplastic cells. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive with cytokeratin, cytokeratin 5, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, and p63. Considering these findings, the mass was diagnosed as malignant myoepithelioma. This is the first report of malignant myoepithelioma arising from the salivary glands in a cow

Antiplatelets for Cardiovascular Disease in Non-valvular AF with Rivaroxaban: A Subanalysis of the EXPAND Study

Aim: In this subanalysis of the EXPAND study, we evaluated the risks and benefits of rivaroxaban plus antiplatelet therapy (APT) for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) complicated by stable coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, or peripheral artery disease (PAD). Methods: From the EXPAND study population (n=7,141), patients with NVAF complicated by stable CAD (n=886), ischemic stroke (n=1,231), or PAD (n=160) were included. Patients complicated by any of them were set as ALL (n=2,030). Patients were all treated with rivaroxaban (10 or 15 mg/day) with (+) or without (−) APT. Efficacy outcomes were symptomatic stroke＋systemic embolism (SE), symptomatic stroke＋SE＋myocardial infarction＋cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. Safety outcomes included major and any bleeding. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for differences between the APT(+) and APT(−) groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the efficacy outcomes between the APT(+) and APT(−) groups in the ALL cohort or in the CAD and STROKE sub-cohorts. In the PAD subcohort, the HR [95% CI] for all-cause death in the APT(+) group increased (4.43 [1.05–18.71]; p=0.043). In the APT(+) group, the HR [95% CI] for any bleeding increased in the ALL cohort (1.28 [1.01–1.62]; p=0.044) and STROKE subcohort (1.42 [1.01–2.01]; p=0.047), and for major bleeding in the CAD subcohort (2.00 [1.01–3.93]; p=0.046). Conclusions: Rivaroxaban with APT did not reduce ischemic outcomes in patients with stable CAD or ischemic stroke; however, it did increase the risk of bleeding in patients with stable CAD or ischemic stroke

Epidural Inflammatory Pseudotumor in the Cervical Spine: A Case Report of a Bernese Mountain Dog

A 3-year, 9-month-old Bernese Mountain dog presented with a 10-day history of acute right hemiparesis. Neurological examination indicated abnormalities in the C1-C5 spinal segments. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an epidural mass at C3-C4, which was surgically removed after dorsal laminectomy. The neurological signs were completely resolved by the 12th postoperative day. The lesion was diagnosed as an inflammatory pseudotumor on histopathological examination. Another MRI performed 63 days after surgery showed no lesion regrowth, and there has been no recurrence for approximately 6 years. Reports of inflammatory pseudotumors are rare, and their treatment remains unclear. Previous reports and the course of this case suggest that a good prognosis may be achieved if complete surgical resection of an inflammatory pseudotumor arising in the epidural region can be accomplished

Nationwide Trends in Idiopathic Pericarditis Management and Outcomes in Japan ― A Nationwide JROAD-DPC Analysis ―

Citation: Hirohiko Aikawa, Masashi Fujino, Kazuhiro Nakao, Koshiro Kanaoka, Yoko Sumita, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Michikazu Nakai, Kensuke Takagi, Fumiyuki Otsuka, Yu Kataoka, Yasuhide Asaumi, Yoshio Tahara, Kenichi Tsujita, Teruo Noguchi, Nationwide Trends in Idiopathic Pericarditis Management and Outcomes in Japan　― A Nationwide JROAD-DPC Analysis ―, Circulation Journal, 2025, Volume 89, Issue 7, Pages 973-981, https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-24-069

Direct inhibition of C-type lysozyme in Japanese flounder by lysozyme inhibitor Ivy derived from Edwardsiella piscicida

Edwardsiella piscicida (Enterobacteriaceae) is an important fish pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in many species, including Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), leading to economic losses in aquaculture. We investigated the direct inhibitory activity of IvyEp (Inhibitors of vertebrate lysozyme derived from E. piscicida) against host C-type lysozyme, and its role in host immune evasion. The results of functional assays confirmed that IvyEp significantly inhibited the activity of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), and kinetic analysis demonstrated that IvyEp acts as a competitive inhibitor. The ivy-deleted strain of E. piscicida exhibited reduced virulence in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) and flounder infection models, highlighting its role in immune evasion and pathogenicity. IvyEp significantly suppressed lysozyme-like activity in the serum of Japanese flounder, yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata), and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), suggesting broad-spectrum inhibition of C-type lysozymes across these species. Further assays confirmed that IvyEp significantly inhibited the lytic activity of purified flounder C-type lysozyme (rLyzC), supporting the hypothesis that IvyEp directly interferes with host lysozyme activity. Structural analysis predicted that IvyEp blocks the active site of rLyzC through electrostatic interactions, preventing substrate binding, and thus neutralizing rLyzC function. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed that IvyEp directly binds to HEWL and rLyzC. These findings provide new insights into the potential role of IvyEp in protecting E. piscicida from host immune responses and suggest its probable function as a universal C-type lysozyme inhibitor across different fish species

Contamination of Japanese Retail Foods With Enterotoxigenic Clostridium Perfringens Spores

The contamination of Japanese retail foods and the intestinal contents of animals with the spores of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens were investigated by analyzing clostridial toxin genes (cpa and cpe) using a culture method and PCR. Enterotoxigenic C. perfringens was detected in 12.3% (8/65 samples) of shellfishes, 8.4% (7/83 samples) of dried seafoods, 7.4% (15/204 samples) of curry mixes and spices, 2.6% (1/39 samples) of dried seaweeds, 2.5% (2/79 samples) of fishes and shrimp, 1.9% (2/105 samples) of chicken, and 0.8% (1/121 samples) of root vegetables. Enterotoxigenic C. perfringens was not detected in beef (95 samples) and pork (110 samples). The ratio of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens-positive to all C. perfringens-positive samples was high for fish and shrimp (40.0%), curry mixes and spices (19.0%), shellfish (18.1%), dried seafood (16.7%), and dried seaweed (16.7%). Although C. perfringens was investigated in the intestinal contents of cattle (212 samples), pigs (207 samples), and chicken (159 samples), enterotoxigenic C. perfringens was not detected. These results indicate that beef and pork sold in Japan are unlikely to be contaminated with enterotoxigenic C. perfringens, and that other foods such as curry powder, shellfish, and dried seafoods are more important as the sources of contamination in Japan. Dried seafoods are frequently used to make soup stock in Japanese and other Asian dishes. In cases of food-borne illness linked to C. perfringens contamination of Japanese and Asian dishes, dried seafood should be investigated, in addition to other ingredients such as meat.Citation: Takahiro Ohnishi, Maiko Watanabe, Yusuke Yodotani, Emiri Nishizato, Seiya Araki, Satomi Sasaki, Yukiko Hara-Kudo, Yuka Kojima, Naoaki Misawa, Nobuhiko Okabe, Contamination of Japanese Retail Foods With Enterotoxigenic Clostridium Perfringens Spores, Journal of Food Protection, 88(1), 100429-100429, 2025-01, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfp.2024.10042