Implementation of Ban on Rice Import and Economic Implications in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Despite the ban on the importation of rice into Nigeria, there seems to be a prevalent preference for consumption of foreign/imported rice by consumers in Akwa Ibom State. Hence, this preference motivates smugglers to bring in the rice from the neighbouring country (Cameroon) into Akwa Ibom State through water broader. Factors contributing to limited patronage of Nigeria rice, strategies for encouraging local producers/marketers, were also examined. Important discoveries reveal among others various factors influencing rice production such as consumers likes purchasing power and the perception of the quality of the rice. Furthermore, laws rules and regulations made by the government and the advertising skills of rice producers create a challenging situation for marketers. Local rice producers in Akwa Ibom State have problems such as: not getting enough capital and lacking other resources to produce in large quantities. In practice, Nigeria rice producer and sellers can concentrate on branding, making sure the quality is good and improve on marketing strategies in order to increase the patronage of produced-in-Nigeria riceThese and others if implemented are likely to improve the faltering fortune of the rice industry in Nigeria by way of improving demand and discouraging illegal importatio

‘The National Interest of Israel-Turkey Engagement on Syria Civil War Related to US Foreign Policy of Pulling out Forces’

Since 2011, when Protests against President Assad\u27s rule triggered a large-scale conflict between anti-government rebel groups sponsored by the US, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and others countries. regional allies, and the Syrian government backed by Russia and Iran, the Syrian civil war has colored the international relations issue. This article focuses on US policies in Syria and Israel-Turkey\u27s national interests in the region. The purpose of the paper is to conduct an assessment on Syria civil war related to US foreign policy of pulling out forces and theirs impacts. This research employs qualitative method . The results demonstrate that Trump\u27s actions have exposed some unsettling truths and realities regarding US strategy toward Syria. Yes, Trump has acted as both an arsonist and a firefighter.. These developments therefore give rise to a new period of conflict between Israel and Turkey based on their respective national interests. Finally, President Donald Trump\u27s administration\u27s foreign policy toward Syria has considered the tragic drama in Syri

Analysis of the Impact of Justice Theory in Public Administration

Justice is a fundamental principle that guides the actions and decisions of government agencies and official. In terms of public administration justice refers to “ the fair and equitable treatment of all individuals and groups within the context of governing institutions and operations”. The development of justice in public administration has evolved over a period of time through various philosophers and public movements. The importance of justice in administrative decision making is very important for good governance. This research paper focuses on the historical development of justice in public administration and its importance in policy making and policy implementation to enhance good governance. This research paper deals with different dimensions of justice in public administration like social justice, environmental justice, access to justice, distributive and redistributive justice etc. The importance of key principles like fairness, equity and impartiality in justice theory of public administration are also mentioned in this research paper. What are the challenges while upholding justice in public administration and the relationship between justice in public administration and good governance is also mentioned in this research pape

Analysis of Reproductive Performance of Female Peranakan Etawa Goats in Toari District, Kolaka Regency

The Peranakan Etawa Goat, a type of livestock highly sought after in Indonesia, particularly in the region of Southeast Sulawesi, is renowned for its ability to reproduce and adapt to the local environment. This research was conducted between April and July 2023 in the Toari District, Kolaka Regency, deliberately chosen as one of the centers of Peranakan Etawa Goat production. The population under study consisted of female Peranakan Etawa Goats owned by farmers in the villages of Ranojaya, Wonua Raya, and Rahabite. Data collection was carried out through direct interviews with respondents and secondary data collection from relevant agencies. The observed variables included the Reproductive Performance of the Peranakan Etawa Goats, such as Estrus Signs, Puberty, Mating (S/C), and Birth (litter size), which were then organized and presented in percentage form. Descriptive analysis was conducted to depict the characteristics and findings of the data. The findings indicate that the reproductive performance of Peranakan Etawa Goats in the Toari District is suboptimal, with puberty achieved at the age of 8-9 months and the duration of estrus ranging from 24-36 hour

A Review on Freshwater Pond Fish Farming in Cambodia

In addition to producing fish, freshwater fish pond farms preserve biodiversity, serve as important aquatic ecosystems, and enhance and maintain of the quality of the ecosystem, provide services for a range of recreational activities, are crucial to the management of water and landscape, and aid in the preservation of cultural heritage. the evaluation of reviews of the literature from all pertinent sources. Review findings indicated that high-value species are the most common fish farmed in Cambodia\u27s ponds and cages such as snakehead (Channa micropeltes, Channa striata), Pangasius catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and hybrid catfish (Clarias batrachus and C. gariepinus) and introduced fishes such as Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus), Chinese carps (silver, bighead and grass carp). The prospects of Cambodia\u27s aquaculture industry are called into question by these findings, as it is currently organized, to make a significant contribution to employment, food and nutrition security, and rural economic development. We propose actions to increase sector sustainability and contribute to desired development outcome

Exchange Theory in Business Ethics: Building Trust and Business Sustainability

This article presents an in-depth review of the role of exchange theory in the context of business ethics, with a focus on how this theory plays a key role in building trust and sustainability in business interactions. Exchange theory is a key foundation in understanding ethical business behavior, which considers relationships between stakeholders, mutual benefits, and social responsibility. We begin by discussing the origins of exchange theory, which is rooted in utilitarianism, and explore core concepts such as utilitarianism, fairness, transparency, and social responsibility. We outline how exchange theory provides a foundation for quality business decision making, by foregrounding the moral aspects of business. Furthermore, the purpose of writing this article is to determine the relevance of exchange theory in the modern business environment. We explore how companies can leverage the principles of exchange theory to build strong relationships with customers, shareholders, and society as a whole. We discuss the role of exchange theory in dealing with ethical dilemmas in global business, where different cultures and norms collaborate. Additionally, this article highlights the role of exchange theory in the context of sustainable business. We discuss how the principles of exchange theory can guide companies in confronting pressing environmental and social issues, and making positive contributions to society. By investigating various dimensions of business ethics through the lens of exchange theory, this article emphasizes that strong business ethics are key to building sustainable businesses and realizing stakeholder trus

The Tragic Note and Pessimism in Twentieth Century British Novel

This research aims to formulate an international expansion strategy for Kirana Tour and Travel, a Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) in the tourism industry in Indonesia, utilizing a SWOT Analysis approach. Kirana Tour and Travel is an SME operating in the tourism sector in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative approach with data collection through interviews with business owners, direct observation, and documentation.  The results of the SWOT analysis indicate that Kirana Tour and Travel has significant potential for international expansion, but also faces several challenges that need to be addressed. Internal strengths of the company, such as a good reputation, extensive network, and quality service, serve as assets to leverage in facing global competition. However, there are also internal weaknesses that need to be addressed, such as limited resources and a lack of experience in international markets. Based on the SWOT analysis, recommended international expansion strategies for Kirana Tour and Travel include product and service diversification, enhanced digital marketing, strategic partnership development with international travel agencies, and enhancing employee competencies related to the global market. The implementation of these strategies is expected to increase the global presence of Kirana Tour and Travel and mitigate risks associated with international expansion for SME

Impact of Anchor Borrowers Programme (ABP) on Smallholder Rice Farmers in Kebbi State, Nigeria

The study examined the impact of Anchor Borrowers Programme on smallholder rice farmers in Kebbi State, Nigeria. A multi stage sampling technique was used to select 500 beneficiary and non-beneficiary rice farmers each giving a sample size of 1000 farmers for the study. Data collected were analysed using Descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequency distribution, performance indices computation, t-test, Chow-test and production function analysis. The results of the analysis of the Chow F computation indicated that there is a significant difference in the production function of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries respectively since the computed Chow F value of 21.128 was greater than that of the critical F- value at the 0.01 probability level. This is an indication that the ABP performed well. The results further revealed that the two groups of rice farmers were not operating on the same production function. ABP significantly and positively affected output and income of the beneficiary farmers in the study area. It is recommended that Policies should be tailored towards inclusiveness of more farmers into the ABP. The programme should also be extended to cater for other sub-sectors of the Agricultural sectors such as Livestock and Aquacultur

Sustainability: Management of Raising Peranakan Etawa Goats in Toari District, Kolaka Regency, Indonesia

The sustainability of livestock farming plays a crucial role in maintaining ecological and economic balance in a region. The primary focus in this context is the management of Peranakan Etawa Goat farming, which is the main subject of this article. The aim is to delve into the practices of Peranakan Etawa Goat husbandry management and its impact on the sustainability of farming in the Toari District, Kolaka Regency. This research was conducted in the villages of Ranojaya, Wonua Raya, and Rahabite, Kolaka Regency, from April to July 2023, with location selection adapted through purposive sampling. The observed variables include the management of Peranakan Etawa Goat husbandry, covering aspects such as breeding, feeding, housing, and husbandry systems. The collected data are presented in tables and percentages and analyzed descriptively. Findings indicate that the practices of Peranakan Etawa Goat husbandry management in the Toari District tend to involve purchasing breeding stock, feeding with foliage, and utilizing elevated pens with intensive husbandry system

The Influence of Leadership Style, Work Discipline, and Job Satisfaction on the Performance of Manunggal Palm Oil Cooperative Employees in Seresam Village, Seberida District, Indragiri Hulu Regency

Performance of Manunggal Business Palm Oil Cooperative Employees, Seresam Village, Seberida District, Indragiri Hulu Regency. We suspect that this is not optimal, as seen in late employees. Things that can influence employee performance include work discipline, job satisfaction, and job satisfaction.  The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of leadership style, work discipline and job satisfaction on employee performance at  Manunggal palm oil cooperative, Seresam village, Seberida district, Indragiri Hulu Regency. The study employed quantitative approaches to examine the impact of Leadership Style, Work Discipline, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at the Manunggal Palm Oil Cooperative in Seresam Village, Seberida District, Indragiri Hulu Regency. Sampling was achieved through a census method, with 35 individuals participating as respondents. Data analysis utilized quantitative descriptive techniques, with path analysis conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 software. Findings indicate that leadership style, work discipline, and job satisfaction all significantly affect employee performanc