Reasonable Workplace Accommodation for Persons with Disabilities – Recent European Practice

The right to reasonable accommodation at work derives from the principle of equal treatment of persons with disabilities. By embracing the concept of the full equality of persons with disabilities in all areas of social life and activity, the right to reasonable accommodation has come to be regarded as a functional prerequisite for the effective realisation of the human right to work. Hence, this research examines emerging interpretations and challenges relating to the implementation of the right to reasonable accommodation, as reflected in the jurisprudence of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and European courts, as well as through an analysis of selected cases from the practice of courts and national human rights institutions in European countries. The study aims to identify the fundamental prerequisites for the realisation of this right and to contribute to the development of practical standards that facilitate its effective implementation and promote the equal participation of persons with disabilities in the labour market

The application of artificial intelligence in healthcare: Diagnostic potential, legal framework and ethical challenges

Artificial intelligence (AI) has assumed an increasingly significant role in contemporary society, particularly within the healthcare sector. While the medical community was initially hesitant to embrace advanced technologies, recent years have witnessed a rapid expansion in the integration of AI into clinical practice. This development has the potential to fundamentally reshape the ways in which diseases are diagnosed, treated, and predicted. Given that the fight against malignant diseases constitutes one of the European Union's central health policy priorities, as articulated in the strategic document Europe' s Beating Cancer Plan, this paper explores the potential of AI to advance the objectives of that agenda, with particular emphasis on enhancing screening programmes and fostering the development of personalised therapeutic approaches. The paper is organised into three thematic sections. The first section adopts an empirical approach to investigate the potential of AI in a clinical context, with a particular focus on improving diagnostic accuracy and advancing predictive analytics. The second section employs a comparative legal methodology to analyse the regulatory frameworks governing the application of AI in the healthcare systems of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of North Macedonia. The third section addresses key ethical challenges, including the protection of patient privacy, the mitigation of algorithmic bias, and the safeguarding of informed consent in a technology-mediated medical environment. The methodological framework of this paper is primarily grounded in qualitative analysis, encompassing both legal instruments and relevant professional and academic literature, while incorporating quantitative evidence to the extent that it is available through existing medical research

Justice under siege: Cyber threats and the malicious use of ai in the judiciary

As judicial systems increasingly integrate digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI), they become more efficient yet highly vulnerable to cyber threats and AI-driven manipulations. This paper examines the growing risks of cyberattacks targeting the judiciary, as well as the malicious use of AI in legal proceedings, both of which pose severe threats to judicial integrity, fairness, public trust, and the broader judicial policy framework. The article explores key cybersecurity vulnerabilities, including ransomware attacks on court databases, AI-powered deepfake evidence manipulation, algorithmic bias in automated decision-making, and AI-driven misinformation campaigns. The weaponisation of AI in legal contexts, through fraudulent case manipulation, automated hacking, and digital surveillance, raises profound concerns about due process, judicial independence, and access to justice. These challenges directly affect judicial policy, as they demand new safeguards and adaptive governance models capable of preserving impartiality and accountability in an increasingly digital justice environment. By analysing real-world incidents and international regulatory approaches, this paper outlines strategies for strengthening judicial cybersecurity and safeguarding AI applications. Recommendations include enhanced digital forensics, AI transparency requirements, independent auditing mechanisms, and cross-border legal cooperation to combat cyber threats and AI misuse in the judiciary. Crucially, these measures must be integrated into judicial policy at national and supranational levels to ensure the resilience of reforms. As courts continue to embrace digital transformation, a proactive and resilient security framework is essential to preserve the rule of law in an era of evolving cyber threats and AI-driven legal manipulations. This study underscores the urgent need for global legal and technological safeguards to protect justice systems from digital exploitation and AIenhanced cyberattacks

Artificial intelligence and environment protection: Legal aspects

Society is undergoing rapid transformation, posing significant challenges to legal systems worldwide. A central aspect of this transformation is the development of artificial intelligence (AI). At the same time, the right to a healthy environment, guaranteed by the constitution worldwide, is a fundamental human right and concerns all citizens, because everyone affects the state of the environment. The authors in this paper, after introducing the concept of artificial intelligence itself, first deal with the current normative state of the art in this area, both at the level of international public law and at the level of domestic legal orders. After that, the importance of environmental protection, the legal framework for its protection, and the norms regarding the use of artificial intelligence in environmental protection are presented, with an appropriate conclusion

Legal protection of workers and employers when using artificial intelligence in the working environment

The use of artificial intelligence in the work environment by both workers and employers represents the present in which many issues of labor law are realized, which indirectly affect both Commercial Law and Intellectual Property Law. In the digital age we are in, workers exercise new rights and new forms and ways of working that pose a challenge to labor legislation, while employers can use (generative) artificial intelligence tools when hiring and controlling workers, which raises a number of questions in the field of ethics, the realization of basic workers’ rights, and the protection of personal data. The issue of legal protection of artificial intelligence developed by workers in an employment relationship with an employer is open. In the spirit of the new EU regulation 2024/1689 on determining the conformity of the rules on artificial intelligence, the authors in this paper propose new legal solutions in the field of Labor Law and Intellectual Property Law (de lege ferenda)

Određena aktuelna pitanja ugovornog odštetnog prava

Neposredan povod za pisanje ovog rada je analiza, kritički osvrt i komentarisanje nedavno objavljene naučne monografije o neizvršenju ugovora, ugovornoj odgovornosti i naknadi štete, kojom je značajno dopunjena srpska pravnička misao u oblasti obligacionog prava. Reč je o delu koautora Katarine Jovičić i Slobodana Vukadinovića koje je u otvorenom pristupu dostupno javnosti od kraja 2023. godine u izdanju Instituta za uporedno pravo. Pitanja otvorena u toj monografiji preispituju se i najpre dovode u vezu sa aktuelnim radovima u domaćem pravu. Idući korak dalje, uočena pitanja su stavljena u kontekst globalnih tokova u ugovornom odštetnom pravu, kao i savremenih nacionalnih tendencija u zakonodavstvima koja vrše ne samo veliki uticaj u svetu već pre svega koja su tradicionalno uticala i na razvoj naučne misli u ovoj oblasti u Republici Srbiji. U radu se razmatraju sistematika predmetne monografije, naučne metode i didaktički i naučni doprinos daljem razvoju kroz kritičko preispitivanje, naročito u kontekstu dugo najavljivane pripreme Građanskog zakonika Republike Srbije

Analiza položaja sudijskih pomoćnika u Republici Srbiji sa preporukama za njegovo unapređenje

Cilj ove analize je da pruži uvid u trenutnu poziciju sudijskih pomoćnika, predloži modalitete za unapređenje njihovog položaja kroz uvođenje jasnog sistema karijernog napredovanja, posebnih obuka i evaluacija rada, da identifikuje zakonske i administrativne procedure koje treba izmeniti radi efikasnijeg funkcionisanja pravosuđa, kao i da predloži izmene seta pravosudnih zakona u cilju unapređenja položaja sudijskih pomoćnika