Analysis of the model of integrated utilities network provision and infrastructure in Denpasar City

The utility network serves as a crucial support system for fulfilling the various needs of a city, encompassing cable and pipe networks for electricity, clean water, waste management, telecommunications, and other essential services. However, the installation of utility networks has often been lacking in coordination, resulting in frequent disassembly and reinstallation. Given these circumstances, the objective of this research is to provide valuable insights and ideas to the government regarding the model of Integrated Utility Network Facilities, along with effective implementation methods and accurate construction cost estimation. This will be done while considering the presence of existing facilities and infrastructure. The research employed a quantitative descriptive method, utilizing a case study approach focusing on several roads in the city center as a pilot project. The objective of implementing integrated utility networks and infrastructure (ducting utilities) in Denpasar City is to establish coordination among agencies responsible for underground network utilities. The goals include maintaining a neat, orderly, and clean city environment, facilitating easier and more cost-effective network maintenance, avoiding damage or interference caused by third-party works, enabling information sharing in the event of network damages, and promoting environmental friendliness

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risk analysis in the villa development project

In the process of working on a construction project, there is no such thing as a work accident, therefore it is necessary to take preventive measures. One of its efforts to prevent workplace accidents is the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (K3). K3 is a form of effort to ensure the integrity and perfection of the workforce, both physically and spiritually, to create protection and security from the risk of accidents and hazards both physically and mentally. The method used in this research is Hazzard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determining Control. The construction project of Vila House identified 82 occupational risks, therefore 42 risks are classified as low risk and 40 risks are classified as medium risk. The preventive measures that can be taken to minimize the risk of Occupational Health and Safety (K3) are Eliminate Unsafe Conditions and Unsafe action socialization/ Occupational Health and Safety (K3) training, as well as Use of proper and correct (Personal Protective Equipment) and (Work Protective Equipment)

Performance test of single heater chili dryer with liquefied petroleum gas fuel

Chili farmers in rice fields without electricity need help to make a simple chili dryer to process chilies when the chili harvest is abundant. To overcome this, it is necessary to design a dryer with a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fueled heater. The main objective of this research is to make and test the performance of the chili dryer. The building of the dryer is made of 95% metal and the remaining 5% non-metallic material (wood) with a length of 60 cm, a width of 50 cm, and a height of 120 cm in which there are 6 chili tray slots. Furthermore, the entire process of testing the performance of the tool is carried out using only freshly picked chilies until dry chilies are obtained (20% initial weight). For the results of the first stage test (variation of drying temperature with an initial weight of chili set at 3 kg), it was found that the average drying time at each temperature of 70, 85 and 100oC was around 14.2; 9.3; and 6.5 hours

Sustainable housing with endogenous resources

In Ecuador, typical homes in rural areas are built with indigenous resources such as guadua cane (Bamboo). Currently, alternatives are being sought that improve the quality of life of the people who live in these houses. The objective of the research is to propose energy alternatives that do not affect the environment and that enhance the sustainability of the territories. Bamboo constructions have increased in the country as have isolated photovoltaic systems for electrification, the combination of them improves living conditions, benefiting many families who are employed in the production and construction of these homes. The result was guadua cane homes that use photovoltaic systems as a source of energy, combining endogenous resources efficiently

Design of air temperature and humidity measurement based on Arduino ATmega 328P with DHT22 sensor

The Arduino ATmega 328P-based temperature and humidity measuring instrument have been successfully designed. The ATmega 328P microcontroller functions to process data which is the output of the DHT22 sensor which receives data signals in the form of temperature and humidity. The results detected by the design of this tool are displayed on the LCD keypad shield. The calibration process for the design tool was carried out at the BMKG Sanglah Denpasar. The results of the calibration of the design tool with reference tools at BMKG show a good level of accuracy, namely 97.97% for air temperature and 99.35% for air humidity

Technical-economic analysis of the implementation of a microgrid with integration of renewable energies in the Esmeraldas Canton, Ecuador

The integration of renewable energy technologies and the consequent reduction in investment costs has led to an increase in the use of distributed energy resources (DER), which has allowed the deployment of more and more microgrids. Despite the many benefits that can be derived from microgrids, they still face many barriers to participating in the electricity industry compared to traditional grids. This paper proposes to address the implications of installing renewable energy in the parish 5 de Agosto, Stone Mine Sector of the city of Esmeraldas, through a technical-economic analysis of the implementation of a microgrid using the HOMER network software. The analysis shows that implementing a microgrid for renewable energy production significantly reduces total costs, unit energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions over the entire project life cycle. Finally, it is concluded that the photovoltaic matrix produces 82.3%, wind turbines 15.3% and the contribution from the grid is 2.45% of the total energy, respectively.  The percentage of renewable energies in the system is 100%

Design of a photovoltaic system to cover the energy demand of a home in the Rocafuerte Canton, Manabí Province

In the present work, a photovoltaic system connected to the network and integrated into a house in the Rocafuerte canton, province of Manabí, is designed. For its development, the computer tool for sizing photovoltaic systems PVsyst was used, with which the annual production of electrical energy for the 8.8 kWp system was determined, losses were also analyzed due to the main factors such as shading, wiring, power electronics, photovoltaic array, angle of inclination, temperature and by the irradiance of the sun. In addition, the main parameters of the installed system provided data for planning electricity consumption. The results showed that the electrical energy generated can cover 84% of the demand of the house, in infrequent conditions, but with a projection to cover the entire demand in the months of less consumption. Which constitutes an alternative for the generation and obtaining of energy, taking advantage of available spaces in the houses

Evolution of the concept of sustainable development and its applicability in Ecuador

Sustainable development has become one of the most important issues related to the quality of life and the future of humanity and, although it is a term associated with the environmental area, it is closely linked to the growth of humanity evolving into more conscious beings. The main objective of this article is to review how this concept has evolved and how it is linked to the processes and uses of clean energy in favor of making use of it as a life model. The results indicate that there has been progressing in terms of government efforts, although there is still a long way to go. It is concluded the most appropriate sustainability model to follow is the one that links the social, economic, and cultural dimensions, without neglecting the participation of the actors and taking the environment as an actor that exercises and has established its rights established in the Constitution of Ecuador

Temporal analysis on spectral reflectance of clove vegetation based on landsat 8 imagery

This study aims to analyze temporally the spectral reflectance of clove vegetation using Landsat 8 multitemporal imagery data in Buleleng district, Bali. The analysis method uses the conversion of raw data from Landsat 8 images to the spectral reflectance value at the Top of Atmosphere (TOA). This conversion scales back the pixel values ??of the Landsat 8 image in the visible spectrum, namely bands 2, 3, 4 and infrared bands 5, 6, and 7 into percentage units. The temporal analysis technique is carried out by grouping the time series of Landsat 8 image data for 1 period, in 2015, into 4 quarterly groups based on the acquisition time, namely Quarter I (January, February, March), Quarter II (April, May, June), Quarter III (July, August, September) and Quarter IV (October, November, December). The results showed that the graph pattern of the average percentage of spectral reflectance in each quarter was the same and in the infrared spectrum was greater than the visible spectrum. The average value of the largest spectral reflectance was found in the second Quarter which was acquired by band 5 of 28.143%, while the smallest in the first Quarter which was acquired by band 2 was 2.503%

Numerical study of frictional drag reduction using micro-bubbles in a vertical Couette-Taylor system

In this work, we numerically study the reduction of frictional drag in a vertical Couette-Taylor system by using micro-bubbles. The silicon flow is in the annular gap between two concentric cylinders as the internal cylinder is rotating while the outer cylinder is stationary. Taylor vortices are formed between the cylinders and the rotational Reynolds number also varies from 700 to 4500. The carrier flow is silicone while air bubbles are constantly injected into the carrier phase at the bottom of cylinders and rise through the flow. By employing a discrete phase model and Euler-Lagrange approach, we investigate a two-phase turbulent flow. In this way, we study the distribution of the bubbles through the flow, which is acquired using numerical modeling. Our numerical results are in good agreement with the experimentally reported data for different values of Reynolds numbers. We also investigate the effect of injected air with a constant flow rate on the skin friction drag and on the drag coefficient ratio. Our numerical results illustrate a reduction of drag about 36% when microbubbles are injected into the system. This reduction can be achieved by the effect of the bubbles on the density of the fluid and transformed momentum