Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) Simulation Using the Gaussian Dispersion Model

Air pollution is one of the most dangerous and worrying. One of the causes of air pollution is dust or Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), namely particles with a diameter of <100 μm. The Total Suspended Particulate causes visual distrurbances and respiratory disorders such as URTI (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection). According to data from Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Padang in 2018, URTI represents the highest complaint in the district Lubuk Begalung as many as 5,534 cases (28%). In the district has industrial and transportation activities which are a source of air pollution. However, in there haven’t real time monitoring of air pollution, so it is necessary to carry out air pollution simulations. This study aims to determine the concentration of TSP ambient air pollution and to analyze the distribution air pollutant in the Lubuk Begalung District, Padang City. The research method used a quantitative, where the emission inventory and meteorological data used the Gauss dispersion model and surver 15 software. The maximum TSP from measurement and modeling results was 113.42 µg/m3 and 27.16 µg/m3. This result explain about the TSP concentration is still below the National BMUA in PP RI No. 41 of 1999, which is 230 µg/m3 (still in good condition). This is different from previous studies because this study only considers sources of industrial emissions without other sources of pollution. The result of the TSP distribution is moving increasingly towards the Southwest from the emission source and reaches a maximum concentration at the coordinate point (-0.98103 oS, 100.34567 oE), according to the dominant wind direction

Estimation of Health Impacts and Externality Costs with the Robust Uniform World Model in the Muara Karang Generation Units

To encourage national economic growth, efforts are made to maintain electricity availability in Indonesia. Until now, the need for electrical energy in Indonesia is still supplied by fossil fuel power plants, especially Steam Power Plants and Gas Steam Power Plants. One of the negative impacts arising from electricity generation activities is air pollution. Air pollution is produced in the form of waste gases such as PM10, SO2, NO2, and these gases causes global warming and impact of human health. In this study, the magnitude of the negative impact calculated based on the impact on public health, which will then be limited to economic value (cost of externalities). Cost of externalities are conditions when the effect of the production of goods or services imposes costs or benefits on other parties, and these costs are not reflected in the price charged for the goods or services produced. The estimation of public health impacts and externality costs calculated in this study comes from power plants operating at the Muara Karang Generation Unit using Robust Uniform World Model (RUWM). The research results show that the amount of health and externality costs obtained for each power plant are different because each power plant has different operating conditions. In PLTGU Block 1, the resulting externality cost was 18,51 cents USD/kWh, PLTGU Block 2 was 3,05 cents USD/kWh, and PLTGU Block 3 was 1,75 cents USD/kWh. The two Unit of PLTU Muara Karang generate different externality costs, namely 1,52 cents USD/kWh for PLTU Unit 4 and PLTU Unit 5 of 1,10 cents USD/kWh

Economic Analysis Of Waste Power Plants Based On The Economic Scale-Case Study Merah Putih Waste Power Plant

Jakarta's dense population creates problems with the high daily waste production, which reaches 7,500 tons. On the other hand, the open dumping method in the final waste treatment creates another problem in the form of greenhouse gas emissions. The regional government also issued a policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to achieve net zero emission by 2050. The solution that then emerged for the two problems above was to convert waste into electrical energy through incineration technology. This study aims to conduct an economic analysis in the context of implementing incineration technology. The results showed that the minimum capacity for economic feasibility was 8 MW with an LCoE of IDR 2,578.32/kWh, 429 tonnes of waste per day, an IRR of 8.63%, and an NPV of IDR 115,038,835,638.12 at an investment value of IDR 505.877.074.31

The effectiveness of the case method to improve student learning outcomes in the SMAW subject

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the case method for improving student learning outcomes in the SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) subject. This research employs classroom action research. The subjects of this study are 11th-grade students majoring in Mechanical Engineering at State Vocational High School 1 Silaut, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Data collection techniques include observation sheets to assess teacher and student activities, tests to evaluate students’ knowledge, and documentation to support the research. The study results indicate that implementing the case method teaching model effectively improves student learning outcomes because students are engaged and interested in learning. This is evident in the learning outcomes in cycle 1, where 64.29% of students achieved passing grades, with nine passing, while 35.71% did not pass, with five students falling short. In cycle 2, student learning outcomes improved to 78.57%, with 11 students passing, while 21.43% did not pass, with three students not meeting the passing criteria. In conclusion, the case method teaching model effectively enhances student learning outcomes in the SMAW subject

Batang Bayang River Flood Modeling Based on Rain Return Period

West Pasaman Regency is one of the regencies in West Sumatra that experiences flooding the most. In 2020, in April and September, floods occurred in the West Pasaman district, more precisely around the Nagari Ujung Gading area, Lembah Melintang District. Floods most often inundate the Jorong Lombok and Jorong Irian areas. The flood that occurred was caused by the overflow of the Batang Bayang river. Puddles of water inundated at least 150 residents' houses until the water level reached a height of 1 meter. The problem of flooding almost every year is felt by residents who live near the location of the Batang Bayang river. This study aims to determine the flood discharge of the Batang Bayang river with return periods of 2, 5, 10 and 25 years. Then this study also aims to determine the ability of the Bayang Bayang River to flow flood discharge for 2, 5, 10 and 25 years return periods. The results show that the 2-year return period produces a maximum flood discharge of 47.2 m/s3. In the 5-year return period it produces a flood discharge of 110 m/s3, in the 10-year return period it produces a flood discharge of 143.6 m/s3 and at the return period of 25 years resulted in a flood discharge of 189.2 m3/s. The cross section modeling in the 2 year return period resulted in a water elevation of 21.07 meters. The 5-year return period modeling results in a water level elevation of 22.4 meters. The 10-year return period models the water at an elevation of 23.01 meters and the 25-year return period produces a water level of 23.72 meters

Economic Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Planning at Taman Melati Depok Apartment

Currently, Indonesia is still using fossil fuel power plants. The high use of fossil fuels will harm the environment, therefore to reduce the use of fossil fuels, it is necessary to develop renewable energy power plants, one of which is a solar photovoltaic power plant. This study discusses the economic analysis of planning a soalr photovoltaic power plant at the Taman Melati Depok Apartment which is connected to the PLN network with the PVsyst software. This PLTS plan will be built on the roof of the apartment using an area of 437 m2 with generated power of 90,400 Wp. Using solar modules with a capacity of 565 Wp as many as 160 modules. This PLTS can generate electricity per year 116600 kWh/year. The Cost of Energy (COE) for this PLTS is Rp.735.39/kWh. Economic analysis uses Net Present Value (NPV), Profitability Index (PI), and Discounted Payback Period (DPP) to determine whether this PLTS is feasible or not. Based on the calculation result, the NPV value is Rp. 608,793,939.29, while the PI value is 1.587 and the DPP value is around 12 years and 9 months, which is faster than the project age, which is 30 years. Thus the investment in the Taman Melati Apartment PLTS project is feasible to continue. &nbsp

Waste motor engine oil – the influence in warm mix asphalt

Employing Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) technology for asphalt pavement construction results in the emission of greenhouse gases and other harmful pollutants, contributing to significant air pollution due to extensive energy consumption. Consequently, the adoption of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is recommended, given its potential for enhanced energy efficiency and reduced emissions due to lower mixing and production temperatures compared to HMA. This research delves into the impact of incorporating waste motor engine oil (WMEO) as a bitumen modifier in warm mix asphalt. The investigation involved adding WMEO at various percentages, specifically 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5% based on the weight of bitumen. The study assessed the performance of the samples in terms of penetration, softening point, stability, flow, and stiffness. The findings revealed that the incorporation of WMEO in warm mix asphalt led to a substantial improvement in penetration and softening point. Moreover, the results indicated that incorporating WMEO as a bitumen modifier could enhance the performance of WMA in terms of stability, flow, and stiffness

Development of interactive e-module based on video and augmented reality for earthquake technology course

The application of augmented reality and video in instructional media is highly suitable for courses in the field of civil engineering, one of which is the Earthquake Technology course. This research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model in developing the e-module. The result of this research is a dedicated e-module specifically designed for the Earthquake Technology course. The e-module has been assessed by media experts, subject matter experts, and students as part of the evaluation process. The average scores from the two media experts are 93.33 and 91.33 for graphic feasibility, and 96.67 and 93.33 for language feasibility. As for the two subject matter experts, the average scores for content feasibility are 87.06 and 87.06, for presentation feasibility are 87.50 and 90.00, and for contextual feasibility are 90.00 and 90.00. Meanwhile, the average score from the students during the limited classroom trial is 89.06. The results of this research indicate that the development of the Earthquake Technology e-module using the ADDIE method has resulted in an e-module of "very good" category in terms of media and "good" category in terms of content. The assessment results from students also indicate that the Earthquake Technology e-module falls into the "good" category. So, it can be concluded that the Earthquake Technology e-module based on video and augmented reality can be totally applied in the learning process of Earthquake Technology course at The Civil Engineering Education Program, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Predicting graduate employment: the relationship among social skills, performance and motivation in cosmetology education graduates

There have been many studies focusing on graduate tracing. However, they were still determining how likely the graduates will work following their interests and the fields of knowledge they have studied. This study aimed at gaining improved awareness of cosmetology education graduates' employment readiness concerning social skills, performance, and work motivation. This explanatory research used the entire research population of the last two years, as many as 70 graduates. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire on each variable studied. While the analysis method used a structural equation model (Warp-PLS) to confirm the model's accuracy while testing the influence of variables on other variables and verifying that the instruments utilized were valid and dependable. The results proved that social skills, performance and work motivation directly and significantly affect graduate job readiness. Graduates' social skills and performance also affected job readiness in the field. The social skills of graduates were higher in influence than the performance and motivation of graduates in work readiness, with a difference of 0.391. These results implied a need to improve soft communication skills and spiritual provision in addition to the competencies that graduates already have

Testing of Palm Oil-Based Electric Power Transformer Insulation Oil as a Renewable Energy Source

Reducing petroleum resources and environmental problems, alternative insulating oils with biodegradable characteristics have become an alternative. Esterification of palm-based oil is expected to provide better and optimum electrical properties. The esterification of palm oil will be carried out as a test sample and observed for its electrical, physical and chemical properties such as PD characteristics, breakdown voltage, dissipation factor, viscosity, flash point, etc. The effect of thermal aging on oil samples will also be carried out to simulate real situations in power transformer applications. Then after obtaining the best formulation from the sample it will be used as insulating oil in electric power transformers (100kVA). The purpose of this research is to apply esterified palm oil as an electric power transformer oil. The method used in this research includes field research. Field research includes taking oil samples, measuring the breakdown voltage of transformer oil, and the color of transformer oil. The results obtained are insulating oil for electric power transformers based on palm oil. Palm oil has the advantage of being an environmentally friendly, biodegradable and renewable oil compared to the transformer oil used today which is based on petroleum. With the realization of transformer oil based on palm oil, it is hoped that it can provide great economic opportunities for Indonesia as one of the largest palm oil producers in the world and can also provide added value and increase the competitiveness of the palm oil industry in the future